International Review of the Red Cross最新文献_第2页

Is wearing these sunglasses an attack? Obligations under IHL related to anti-AI countermeasures 戴这种太阳镜是攻击吗？国际人道主义法规定的与反人工智能对策有关的义务

IF 0.7 4区社会学

International Review of the Red Cross Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1017/s1816383124000067

Jonathan Kwik

引用次数: 0

“Sticking together while standing one's own ground”: The meanings of solidarity in humanitarian action "团结一致，坚持己见"：人道主义行动中团结的含义

IF 0.7 4区社会学

International Review of the Red Cross Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1017/s1816383124000109

Marnie Lloydd

{"title":"“Sticking together while standing one's own ground”: The meanings of solidarity in humanitarian action","authors":"Marnie Lloydd","doi":"10.1017/s1816383124000109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1816383124000109","url":null,"abstract":"The notion of solidarity, although not new to the humanitarian sector, has re-emerged in recent discussions about effective and ethical humanitarian action, particularly in contexts such as Ukraine and Myanmar where the traditional humanitarian principles have been facing certain pressures. Because solidarity appears as a good but can also involve selectivity and privilege, and because it risks continued militarism and normalization of civilians participating within that militarism, the notion of solidarity merits rich and rigorous thinking. This article explores how the notion of solidarity is being utilized by those currently re-emphasizing its importance and what it might mean in practice in today's humanitarian contexts. The article argues that if solidary action involves not only a political stance but solidary working methods, the recent calls for solidarity demand respect for the variety of principles and practices within the humanitarian ecosystem, while nevertheless upholding mutual obligations owed within that professional community – that is, within careful limits as to what is considered humanitarian action.","PeriodicalId":46925,"journal":{"name":"International Review of the Red Cross","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140172811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A next-generation protective emblem: Cross-frequency protective options for non-combatants in the context of (fully) autonomous warfare 下一代防护标志：（完全）自主战争背景下的非战斗人员跨频率防护方案

IF 0.7 4区社会学

International Review of the Red Cross Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1017/s1816383124000018

Daniel C. Hinck, Jonas J. Schöttler, Maria Krantz, Niklas Widulle, Katharina-Sophie Isleif, Oliver Niggemann

引用次数: 0

Protecting Civilians against Digital Threats during Armed Conflict: Final report of the ICRC's Global Advisory Board 武装冲突期间保护平民免受数字威胁》：红十字国际委员会全球咨询委员会的最终报告

IF 0.7 4区社会学

International Review of the Red Cross Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1017/s1816383123000565

引用次数: 0

Lost in digital translation? The humanitarian principles in the digital age 数字翻译中的迷失？数字时代的人道主义原则

IF 0.7 4区社会学

International Review of the Red Cross Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1017/s1816383124000080

Pierrick Devidal

引用次数: 0

Humanitarian principles and humanitarian disarmament: An operator's perspective 人道主义原则和人道主义裁军：操作者的视角

IF 0.7 4区社会学

International Review of the Red Cross Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1017/s1816383124000055

Josephine Dresner, Riccardo Labianco

{"title":"Humanitarian principles and humanitarian disarmament: An operator's perspective","authors":"Josephine Dresner, Riccardo Labianco","doi":"10.1017/s1816383124000055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1816383124000055","url":null,"abstract":"Conceptually rooted in the efforts to ban indiscriminate weapons and both their immediate and long-term effects, humanitarian mine action and humanitarian disarmament operations have developed significantly since 1988, when the United Nations first took on work on mine action operations for the protection and benefit of local communities. A large part of those operations has been carried out by humanitarian disarmament NGOs such as the Mines Advisory Group (MAG), one of the first organizations to be established on this issue. Drawing on MAG's experience and perspective, this article explores how the humanitarian principles apply to humanitarian disarmament operations. The aim of the article is to show that as an operator on the humanitarian–development nexus, MAG considers the four humanitarian principles as a critical and necessary part of its reference framework due to the influence of the humanitarian disarmament framework, even when operating in the development space. All in all, the case of humanitarian disarmament and MAG's experience are good examples to illustrate where the humanitarian horizon is extended because of long-terms serious needs, and that humanitarian principles remain essential to keep the focus on the needs of affected populations.","PeriodicalId":46925,"journal":{"name":"International Review of the Red Cross","volume":"2014 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139968156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strengthening the medicolegal system: Fulfilling international law obligations during conflicts and disasters to prevent and resolve issues of humanitarian concern 加强医疗法律体系：在冲突和灾害期间履行国际法义务，预防和解决人道主义问题

IF 0.7 4区社会学

International Review of the Red Cross Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1017/s181638312400002x

Maria Dolores Morcillo Mendez

{"title":"Strengthening the medicolegal system: Fulfilling international law obligations during conflicts and disasters to prevent and resolve issues of humanitarian concern","authors":"Maria Dolores Morcillo Mendez","doi":"10.1017/s181638312400002x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s181638312400002x","url":null,"abstract":"In times of armed conflict, disasters and violence, people may become separated from their families, go missing or die, or become victims of ill-treatment and sexual violence. Under international humanitarian law, States have obligations to prevent harm and address humanitarian needs. At State level, the medicolegal system is conventionally mandated to address these needs and fulfil related legal obligations. In practice, State responses can sometimes be non-existent, limited by the endemic functionality of existing systems, or degraded by crises of violence, natural disasters and migration. These conditions can, in turn, impede the establishment of peace, reparations, restorative justice efforts and post-conflict reconstruction. This paper explains what a medicolegal system is and the entities that encompass it. The paper highlights the importance of developing clear policies, regulation and procedures that ensure proper functioning of the system. It reviews common gaps and challenges that limit State prevention and response to issues of humanitarian concern. Finally, recommendations when developing and implementing humanitarian programmes to strengthen medicolegal systems are provided, with a particular focus on the content of protection dialogue in diplomatic fora.","PeriodicalId":46925,"journal":{"name":"International Review of the Red Cross","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139770630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environmental obligations of business entities during armed conflicts 武装冲突期间商业实体的环境义务

IF 0.7 4区社会学

International Review of the Red Cross Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1017/s1816383123000590

Sâ Benjamin Traoré, Ezéchiel Amani Cirimwami

{"title":"Environmental obligations of business entities during armed conflicts","authors":"Sâ Benjamin Traoré, Ezéchiel Amani Cirimwami","doi":"10.1017/s1816383123000590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1816383123000590","url":null,"abstract":"International humanitarian law (IHL) does not address business entities, except in situations where they directly participate in hostilities, and there is no reference to business actors in the International Committee of the Red Cross's recent Guidelines on the Protection of the Natural Environment in Armed Conflict. Yet, there has been an increasing reaffirmation of specific “duties”, “obligations” or “responsibilities” imposed on private companies operating in conflict zones. For instance, the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights suggest that business entities should respect IHL rules in addition to human rights during armed conflicts, and the third revised draft of the international legally binding instrument on transnational corporations and other business enterprises refers to IHL as an interpretative framework of human rights obligations of States and businesses. The International Law Commission's 2022 Draft Principles on the Protection of the Environment during Armed Conflicts are even more specific, providing that corporations should exercise due diligence concerning the protection of the environment when acting in conflict-affected areas. However, these references to IHL as applicable to business activities remain vague and lack elaboration. This paper intends to close this gap by clarifying whether and, if so, the extent to which IHL imposes environmental obligations upon private companies in conflict situations. It submits that business entities bear environmental duties during armed conflicts deriving from IHL rules and other complementary sources of international law. The paper further discusses the content of the obligation of business entities not to harm the environment as well as their due diligence obligation.","PeriodicalId":46925,"journal":{"name":"International Review of the Red Cross","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139515563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Translating survivor-centredness into pedagogical approaches to training on sexual violence in conflict and emergency settings: A case study 将以幸存者为中心的理念转化为冲突和紧急情况下性暴力培训的教学方法：案例研究

IF 0.7 4区社会学

International Review of the Red Cross Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1017/s1816383123000607

Chris Dolan, Lucy Hovil, Laura Pasquero

引用次数: 0

Exploring Hindu ethics of warfare: The Purāṇas 探索印度教的战争伦理：古兰经

IF 0.7 4区社会学

International Review of the Red Cross Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1017/s1816383123000541

Raj Balkaran, A. Walter Dorn

引用次数: 0