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4区社会学

Polity Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1086/726382

引用次数: 0

“We” Should Be An Invitation: Hanna Fenichel Pitkin’s Wittgenstein and Justice “我们”应该是一种邀请：汉娜·费尼切尔·皮特金的维特根斯坦与正义

IF 1 4区社会学

Polity Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.1086/725366

Alyson Cole, Beverley Stone

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引用次数: 1

Hanna Pitkin on Conceptual Puzzlement Hanna Pitkin谈概念困惑

IF 1 4区社会学

Polity Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.1086/725249

V. Das

{"title":"Hanna Pitkin on Conceptual Puzzlement","authors":"V. Das","doi":"10.1086/725249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725249","url":null,"abstract":"In rereading Hanna Pitkin’s Wittgenstein and Justice (W&J) fifty years after it was first published, I am awestruck by the author’s courage in pursuing what seemed important to her, regardless of the risks entailed in that project. Her courage has been rewarding for many of us for it has opened the possibility of introducing a Wittgensteinian sensibility into political theory, asking its practitioners to learn to see—not what was hidden, but what was right before their eyes. The provocation she offeredwas not that of asking for new answers to alreadywell-known questions, say, about the origin of the state, but to ask, what were the questions that reallymattered and to whom?At the same time, there is the imperceptible force of the conventional formulations thatmanage to find a place almost inadvertently in her text when Pitkin applies some of her insights to concepts of justice, or fairness, or, for that matter, to the very notion of the political. We see that Wittgenstein’s anguish over the likely failure of philosophy to “shew the fly a way out of the fly-bottle” is not easy to assuage. These issues continue to pose formidable problems for understanding academic and public discourse on contemporary politics. In this essay I propose to show the difficulty of the task Pitkin sets herself through an analysis of a limited region of her thought, viz., what she calls “conceptual puzzlement,”where she brings some of themost incisive insights fromWittgenstein to bear on political theory. However, before I go into the substantive issues, I want to signal how important is the form of Philosophical Investigations (herewith PI) for me; the fact that Wittgenstein conceives of PI as a kind of album; and that instead of a straightforward argument, the text leads us astray through the voice of temptation","PeriodicalId":46912,"journal":{"name":"Polity","volume":"55 1","pages":"461 - 469"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42496872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A New Style of Thinking: Hanna Pitkin’s Wittgenstein 一种新的思维方式：汉娜·皮特金的维特根斯坦

IF 1 4区社会学

Polity Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.1086/725367

L. Zerilli

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引用次数: 2

Wittgenstein and Justice as Method 维特根斯坦与作为方法的正义

IF 1 4区社会学

Polity Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.1086/725256

P. Snell

{"title":"Wittgenstein and Justice as Method","authors":"P. Snell","doi":"10.1086/725256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725256","url":null,"abstract":"ittgenstein and Justice (W&J) changed the trajectory of my scholarship. I initially came across W&J while working on an empirical dissertation on legal interest groups and how the perception of their relationships with key actors altered their advocacy strategies. I could not determine whether this change was a result of those key actors’ “power” or “influence.” The interest groups literature conflates the two concepts. Influence is power, especially in Robert Dahl’s understanding of it, i.e., getting others to do things that they would not do otherwise. This cannot be right. If “influence” is just “power” why the need for two words? I did what I was trained to do—read more of the literature. As I later came to understand, the literature itself was the source of my confusion. Part of the reason for this is because of something that Colin Bird calls “scholasticism”: the tendency to privilege certain thinkers and beliefs. Bird captures the problem well: “we stand as much in the shadow as on the shoulders of these giants; the dazzling light they cast in some directions may artificially darken other areas and lend premature credence to assumptions that deserve closer scrutiny.” Dahl, Bachrach and Baratz, Lukes, and Foucault are titans in the power literature, but their understanding of power did nothing to address my concerns. Their ideas actually made the problem","PeriodicalId":46912,"journal":{"name":"Polity","volume":"55 1","pages":"499 - 508"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43967017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Acknowledging Hanna Pitkin: A Belated Discovery of a Kindred Spirit 承认汉娜·皮特金：对善良精神的迟来发现

IF 1 4区社会学

Polity Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.1086/725254

T. Moi

{"title":"Acknowledging Hanna Pitkin: A Belated Discovery of a Kindred Spirit","authors":"T. Moi","doi":"10.1086/725254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725254","url":null,"abstract":"I had never heard of either Hanna Pitkin orWittgenstein and Justice until Linda Zerilli mentioned the book to me some time in the mid-2010s. Or so I thought. But then I noticed that Stanley Cavell singles the book out in the preface to his masterpiece The Claim of Reason, which I have been reading and rereading for years. There is no way I could have missed the reference every time I looked at that preface. Why didn’t I immediately rush out to read Pitkin’s book? If not in the 1990s, when I was first immersing myself in Wittgenstein and Cavell, then at least in the early 2010s when I was beginning to write Revolution of the Ordinary? I still have no answer. In one way, my failure to pick up Pitkin’s book is not surprising: I am a literary critic, not a political theorist. In another way, it’s astonishing that I somehowmanaged to avoid Wittgenstein and Justice (W&J) entirely for so many years. For now that I finally have read the book, I realize that fifty years ago Pitkin embarked on exactly the same kind of project that I took up in Revolution of the Ordinary. Her subtitle isOn the Significance of LudwigWittgenstein for Social and Political Thought. My subtitle isLiterary Studies afterWittgenstein, Austin, andCavell. Pitkin sets out to show other political theorists that ordinary language philosophy, which she understands as Wittgenstein’s late philosophy as analyzed and developed by Stanley Cavell, could have a transformative effect on her own discipline. In the same way, I begin Revolution of the Ordinary by declaring that ordinary language philosophy,","PeriodicalId":46912,"journal":{"name":"Polity","volume":"55 1","pages":"479 - 487"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41575772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

In Different Voices: Pitkin and Cavell on Wittgenstein’s Political Relevance 不同的声音:皮特金和卡维尔论维特根斯坦的政治相关性

IF 1 4区社会学

Polity Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.1086/725325

S. Laugier

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引用次数: 2

Ordinary Language and Race: Hanna Pitkin and Toni Morrison in Tandem and Tension 平凡的语言与种族：汉娜·皮特金与托尼·莫里森的《串联与张力》

IF 1 4区社会学

Polity Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.1086/725324

George Shulman

引用次数: 2

Plato the Novelist: The Family Saga in Republic 8–9 小说家柏拉图:《理想国》第8-9章的家庭传奇

IF 1 4区社会学

Polity Pub Date : 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.1086/725238

Robert Goodman

{"title":"Plato the Novelist: The Family Saga in Republic 8–9","authors":"Robert Goodman","doi":"10.1086/725238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725238","url":null,"abstract":"In Republic 8–9, Socrates explains how the kallipolis develops into a series of flawed regimes. Each regime is said to have a corresponding soul type; these souls are described as a lineage of fathers and sons. Socrates, then, narrates not only a political story, but what is in effect a multigenerational family saga: the story of a moral decline and fall over the course of five generations, set amidst political turmoil and revolution, covering roughly a century of narrative ground from its start in tragicomedy to its end in disaster. What are the implications of this choice to convey the change from kallipolis to tyranny through such an emotionally charged narrative? As a hybrid of generic conventions, the family saga suggests Plato’s view that existing cultural models were insufficient for understanding and reacting to constitutional breakdown. I consider two accounts Socrates offers for the relationship between his family and political narratives, discussing the interpretive difficulties raised by each, and proposing that these difficulties oblige the reader to attend closely to the details of character and plot in Socrates’s story. I treat the family saga less as an explanation of constitutional breakdown than as an affective model that attempts to make such a breakdown emotionally vivid—one that is nevertheless consistent with the Republic’s strict limits on imitative poetry. Finally, I consider the kinds of political action that the family saga might motivate in the Republic’s readers, under three sets of assumptions about Plato’s attitudes toward Athenian democracy and the kallipolis.","PeriodicalId":46912,"journal":{"name":"Polity","volume":"55 1","pages":"519 - 543"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42083563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Generic Ballot Model and the 2022 Midterm Election 通用选票模型与2022年中期选举

IF 1 4区社会学

Polity Pub Date : 2023-05-23 DOI: 10.1086/725239

A. Abramowitz

{"title":"The Generic Ballot Model and the 2022 Midterm Election","authors":"A. Abramowitz","doi":"10.1086/725239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725239","url":null,"abstract":"By the final weeks of the 2022 election campaign, there was a clear consensus among pundits and political analysts that Democrats were likely to experience a shellacking in the midterm elections, especially in the House of Representatives. Republican leaders and strategists were confident that a “red wave” or even a “red tsunami” was approaching. Even more objective observers such as Chuck Todd and Mark Murray of NBC News believed that a number of indicators were clearly pointing toward large GOP gains in the House, the most prominent being President Biden’s poor approval rating, which had been stuck in the low-forties for months. While many political observers expected Joe Biden’s poor approval rating to result in big Republican gains in the 2022 election, historically, presidential approval has not been a very accurate predictor of midterm seat swing. For the nineteen midterm elections between 1946 and 2018, the correlation of net presidential approval (approval-disapproval) with House seat swing was a rather modest .66 while the correlation with Senate seat swing was a very weak .36. Presidential approval explained only 44% of the variation in House seat swing and only 13% of the variation in Senate seat swing. One indicator that has been shown to produce more accurate forecasts of both House and Senate seat swing than presidential approval is the generic ballot—a question in which voters are asked which party they plan to vote for without providing names of individual House or Senate candidates. By combining the results of generic ballot polling with the number of House or Senate seats that the president’s","PeriodicalId":46912,"journal":{"name":"Polity","volume":"121 ","pages":"633 - 637"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41283716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1