JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION最新文献

{"title":"Changes in higher-level functional capacity during the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults living in Japan.","authors":"Mariko Nakamoto, Koki Torami, Miku Kanmura, Mai Yoshida, Akiko Nakamoto, Tohru Sakai","doi":"10.2152/jmi.71.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2152/jmi.71.66","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate change in higher-level functional capacity of older Japanese individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four hundred older Japanese individuals completed an online questionnaire in early May 2021. Participants were asked retrospectively about their higher-level functional capacity and lifestyle before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Higher-level functional capacity was determined as total score on the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC). Total TMIG-IC score ranges from 0 to 13. A decline in higher-level functional capacity was defined as a decrease in TMIG-IC score of more than 2 points during the COVID-19 pandemic. Changes in higher-level functional capacity during the COVID-19 pandemic were assessed by paired t-test and a general linear model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Decreased TMIG-IC scores were found in 43 (21.5%) men and 61 (30.5%) women. Among those with higher-level functional capacity, scores for total TMIG-IC and Social Role decreased significantly in both sexes (all p<0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest an association of the COVID-19 pandemic with a decrease in higher-level functional capacity, especially in Social Role, among older adults living in Japan. J. Med. Invest. 71 : 66-74, February, 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":46910,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION","volume":"71 1.2","pages":"66-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140913023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current pharmacotherapies for advanced lung cancer with pre-existing interstitial lung disease : A literature review and future perspectives.","authors":"Masaki Hanibuchi, Hirokazu Ogino, Seidai Sato, Yasuhiko Nishioka","doi":"10.2152/jmi.71.9","DOIUrl":"10.2152/jmi.71.9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), especially those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, are at increased risk of developing lung cancer (LC). Pharmacotherapy for advanced LC has dramatically progressed in recent years;however, management of LC with pre-existing ILD (LC-ILD) is challenging due to serious concerns about the risk of acute exacerbation of ILD (AE-ILD). As patients with LC-ILD have been excluded from most prospective clinical trials of advanced LC, optimal pharmacotherapy remains to be elucidated. Although the antitumor activity of first-line platinum-based cytotoxic chemotherapy appears to be similar in advanced LC patients with or without ILD, its impact on the survival of patients with LC-ILD is limited. Immune checkpoint inhibitors may hold promise for long-term survival, but many challenges remain, including safety and appropriate patient selection. Further understanding the predictive factors for AE-ILD after receiving pharmacotherapy in LC-ILD may lead to appropriate patient selection and lower treatment risk. The aim of this review was to summarize the current evidence related to pharmacotherapy for advanced LC-ILD and discuss emerging areas of research. J. Med. Invest. 71 : 9-22, February, 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":46910,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION","volume":"71 1.2","pages":"9-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140913002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of polymethoxyflavonoids on T helper 17 cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo.","authors":"Akiko Nakamoto,&nbsp;Yuwa Hirabayashi,&nbsp;Chieri Anzaki,&nbsp;Mariko Nakamoto,&nbsp;Emi Shuto,&nbsp;Yoshitaka Nii,&nbsp;Tohru Sakai","doi":"10.2152/jmi.70.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2152/jmi.70.166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examined the effects of polymethoxyflavonoids (PMFs) on T helper (Th) 17 cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Five different PMFs including nobiletin (NOB), sudachitin (SUD), demethoxysudachitin, heptamethoxyflavone and natsudaidain were used for the in vitro study, and effects of those flavonoids on Th17 responses were investigated. NOB and heptamethoxyflavone significantly suppressed the proliferation response, but SUD, demethoxysudachitin and natsudaidain did not suppress the proliferation response. All of the five flavonoids decreased IL-17A production. Mice with experimentally induced autoimmune encephalomyelitis were used as an in vivo Th17 differentiation model. We focused on two flavonoids, NOB and SUD, and examined the effects of those flavonoids. NOB significantly suppressed Th17 cell proliferation and cytokine responses, but SUD only decreased proliferation responses. The results suggest that the suppressive effect of NOB on Th17 response in vivo is stronger than that of SUD. J. Med. Invest. 70 : 166-170, February, 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":46910,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION","volume":"70 1.2","pages":"166-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9439472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with a history of right hemicolectomy : A report of three cases.","authors":"Hayato Ohya,&nbsp;Atsuyuki Maeda,&nbsp;Yuichi Takayama,&nbsp;Takamasa Takahashi,&nbsp;Hiroki Aoyama,&nbsp;Takahiro Hosoi,&nbsp;Kazuaki Seita,&nbsp;Yuji Kaneoka","doi":"10.2152/jmi.70.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2152/jmi.70.285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) has been widely adopted in institutions with sufficiently skilled practitioners. This technique requires attentive dissection around the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) and artery. Dissection around the SMV and Henle's trunk is one of the key aspects of right hemicolectomy (RHC) ; adhesions and fibrosis around these vessels may impede LPD in patients with a history of RHC. We encountered three cases of periampullary tumors in patients with a history of RHC who were successfully treated with LPD. Cases 1, 2, and 3 were of 60-, 73-, and 74-year-old men with periampullary tumors. The operative durations in cases 1, 2, and 3 were 316, 267, and 265 min, respectively. The estimated blood loss volumes in cases 1, 2, and 3 were 20, 50, and 720 mL, respectively. The postoperative hospital stay durations in cases 1, 2, and 3 were of 13, 35, and 15 days, respectively. In conclusion, LPD following RHC may be safely completed with laparoscopy. J. Med. Invest. 70 : 285-289, February, 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":46910,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION","volume":"70 1.2","pages":"285-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9446532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience in cancer care : What should nurses do?","authors":"Sun Leqi,&nbsp;Kazuya Kondo,&nbsp;Takae Bando,&nbsp;Yoshie Imai","doi":"10.2152/jmi.70.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2152/jmi.70.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is a serious threat to human health worldwide. Attention to the quality of life (QoL) of cancer patients is increasingly recognized as an important component of and a fundamental task in cancer care. Recent studies illustrate that resilience is a key biological factor affecting cancer patients' health status and QoL. However, few studies have focused on resilience during medical procedures of cancer patients from the perspective of nursing. In this study, we summarize recent literature exploring the clinical significance of resilience in oncology nursing, propose strategies for cancer care to improve the QoL of patients through interventions on resilience, and focus on emerging theories in oncology nursing. In summary, this will emphasize the importance of resilience in oncology nursing and benefit the clinical practices that improve patients' QoL and reduce the social burden caused by cancer. J. Med. Invest. 70 : 1-6, February, 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":46910,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION","volume":"70 1.2","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9451923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibitory Effects of Aspirin and Cilostazol on Intracellular Ca²⁺ Mobilization and Aggregation in Thrombin-activated Human Platelets.","authors":"Atsumi Sone,&nbsp;Kensaku Aki,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Yasui,&nbsp;Eiji Hosoi","doi":"10.2152/jmi.70.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2152/jmi.70.94","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Platelets play an important role in physiological hemostatic mechanisms. In contrast, platelet activation has been implicated in pathological conditions, such as atherosclerosis, angiogenesis, and inflammation. Thrombin is considered to be of particular pathological importance as a platelet-activating substance, and thrombin-activated platelets are detected in the blood of patients with advanced occlusive arterial disease. Ca²⁺ acts as a second messenger in platelet activation, and the regulation of intracellular Ca²⁺ concentrations ([Ca²⁺]i) is important for controlling platelet functions. However, changes in [Ca²⁺]i by antiplatelet agents remain unclear. Therefore, we herein investigated the relationship between [Ca²⁺]i and the intensity of platelet aggregation after a thrombin stimulation, the relationship between [Ca²⁺]i and the intensity of platelet aggregation by antiplatelet agents, and the effects of antiplatelet agents on thrombin-activated platelets as a surrogate platelet model for arterial occlusive disease. Fura2-loaded platelets were treated with phosphate-buffered saline or a low concentration of thrombin (0.005 U/mL), followed by antiplatelet agents (aspirin or cilostazol), and changes in [Ca²⁺]i and the intensity of platelet aggregation by the thrombin stimulation were measured using fluorescence spectrophotometry. Changes in [Ca²⁺]i and the intensity of platelet aggregation after the thrombin stimulation as well as the relationship between [Ca²⁺]i and the intensity of platelet aggregation by antiplatelet agents indicated that cilostazol exerted stronger antiplatelet effects than aspirin and also that antiplatelet effects may be attenuated in thrombin-activated platelets. The present results also suggest the utility of thrombin-activated platelets as a surrogate platelet model for arterial occlusive disease. These results may contribute to future drug development for antiplatelet therapy. J. Med. Invest. 70 : 94-100, February, 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":46910,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION","volume":"70 1.2","pages":"94-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9501386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of L-type amino acid transporter 1 on intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.","authors":"Baasansuren Selenge,&nbsp;Shinichiro Yamada,&nbsp;Yuji Morine,&nbsp;Tetsuya Ikemoto,&nbsp;Yu Saito,&nbsp;Chie Takasu,&nbsp;Hiroki Teraoku,&nbsp;Shohei Okikawa,&nbsp;Mitsuo Shimada","doi":"10.2152/jmi.70.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2152/jmi.70.160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Amino acid transporters, such as L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), have an effect on tumor growth, metastasis, and survival of various solid tumors. However, the role of LAT1 in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-six patients who had undergone initial hepatic resection for IHCC at Tokushima University Hospital were enrolled in this study. Immunohistochemical analysis of LAT1 and phosphorylated Akt (p-AKT) was performed using resected specimens. Clinicopathological factors, including prognosis, were analyzed between LAT1-high and LAT1-low groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LAT1-high group showed a higher proportion of periductal infiltrating type and higher carcinoembryonic antigen/carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels compared with the LAT1-low group. Multivariate analysis revealed that LAT1-high expression was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival. Furthermore, the proportion of p-AKT positivity was higher in the LAT1-high group than in the LAT1-low group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LAT1 expression was associated with poor prognosis of IHCC and higher p-Akt expression. J. Med. Invest. 70 : 160-165, February, 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":46910,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION","volume":"70 1.2","pages":"160-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9837876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of daikenchuto (TU-100) on carcinogenesis in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.","authors":"Shinichiro Yamada,&nbsp;Yuji Morine,&nbsp;Satoru Imura,&nbsp;Tetsuya Ikemoto,&nbsp;Yu Saito,&nbsp;Mayuko Shimizu,&nbsp;Koichi Tsuneyama,&nbsp;Mitsue Nishiyama,&nbsp;Shiori Ishizawa,&nbsp;Mitsuo Shimada","doi":"10.2152/jmi.70.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2152/jmi.70.66","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is associated with a higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the importance of the gut?liver axis has been recognized in NASH-associated HCC. We investigated the effect of TU-100 on the intestinal microbiome and hepatocarcinogenesis in a NASH model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven-week-old Tsumura Suzuki obese diabetes mice, a model that shows the spontaneous onset of NASH and HCC, were used. They were divided into a TU-100 treated group and a control group. Mice were sacrificed at 24 and 48 weeks to evaluate hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, carcinogenesis, cytokine expression, and microbiome abundance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 24 weeks, the TU-100 group showed significantly lower expression of IL6, IL1B, and ACTA2 mRNA in the liver (P?<?0.05). At 48 weeks, the TU-100 group showed significantly lower levels of serum alanine aminotransferase. The TU-100 group also showed a lower rate of NASH than the control group (28% vs 72%?;?P?=?0.1). Tumor diameter was significantly smaller in the TU-100 group compared with that in the control group (P?<?0.05). Regarding the intestinal microbiome, the genera Blautia and Ruminococcus were increased in the TU-100 group (P?<?0.05), whereas Dorea and Erysipelotrichaceae were decreased in the TU-100 group (P?<?0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TU-100 regulates the intestinal microbiome and may suppress subsequent hepatocarcinogenesis in the NASH model. J. Med. Invest. 70 : 66-73, February, 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":46910,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION","volume":"70 1.2","pages":"66-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9798931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of nutritional status and changes of body composition on the prognosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients.","authors":"Keisuke Ozaki,&nbsp;Tomoya Fukawa,&nbsp;Kei Daizumoto,&nbsp;Yutaro Sasaki,&nbsp;Yoshiteru Ueno,&nbsp;Megumi Tsuda,&nbsp;Takayuki Uchida,&nbsp;Yoshito Kusuhara,&nbsp;Yasuyo Yamamoto,&nbsp;Kunihisa Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Masayuki Takahashi,&nbsp;Hiro-Omi Kanayam","doi":"10.2152/jmi.70.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2152/jmi.70.80","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the impact of patients' nutritional status and changes in body composition on the prognosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients who received systemic therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 57 mRCC patients who received systemic therapy with TKIs as first-line therapy at our facility between November 2004 and October 2018 were included. The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) was used to evaluate their nutritional status. The volumes of skeletal muscle mass and fat tissue were calculated using the SYNAPSE VINCENT system. The effects of nutritional status and body composition of mRCC patients on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using Cox regression methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Low PNI at the start of systemic therapy was a significant prognostic predictor for OS (HR 3.807 [95% CI 1.205-12.027], P=0.046), and it was related to loss of muscle mass three months after systemic therapy. Although the loss of muscle mass at the start of systemic therapy was not associated with OS, loss of muscle mass during treatment predicted worse OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nutritional status of mRCC patients may predict changes in body composition and be associated with their prognosis. J. Med. Invest. 70 : 80-87, February, 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":46910,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION","volume":"70 1.2","pages":"80-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9799368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of atopic cough with aphonia showed a prominent response to a histamine H₁ receptor antagonist.","authors":"Masaki Hanibuchi, Atsushi Mitsuhashi, Atsuro Saijo, Tatsuya Kajimoto, Seidai Sato, Tetsuya Kitagawa, Yasuhiko Nishioka","doi":"10.2152/jmi.70.281","DOIUrl":"10.2152/jmi.70.281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 33-year-old woman admitted to our hospital for further examination of severe non-productive cough lasting for about two months. Her symptom did not ameliorate by treatments including long acting β₂ agonists. She had a medical history of drug allergy to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. At the initial visit, she could not speak at all and communicated with us in writing. Chest auscultation revealed no wheezes, rhonchi and other crackles. Laboratory findings showed a mild eosinophilia with normal total and specific serum immunoglobulin E. The results of an electrocardiogram, a chest X-ray and a chest CT were unremarkable. A fractional exhaled nitric oxide value was within normal limit. Based on these observations, a diagnosis of atopic cough (AC) was suspected, and we started treatment with a histamine H₁ receptor antagonist (H₁-RA). She had become able to speak again in association with complete disappearance of cough by eight-weeks after treatment initiation, and her symptoms did not recur even after cessation of treatment. By the confirmation of remarkable clinical improvement in response to a H₁-RA, a diagnosis of AC was made. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an AC patient who presented severe cough with aphonia. J. Med. Invest. 70 : 281-284, February, 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":46910,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION","volume":"70 1.2","pages":"281-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9820764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}