Contemporary Sociology-A Journal of Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Superfluous Women: Art, Feminism, and Revolution in Twenty-First-Century Ukraine","authors":"J. Klein","doi":"10.1177/00943061231181317mm","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00943061231181317mm","url":null,"abstract":"Superfluous Women: Art, Feminism, and Revolution in Twenty-First-Century Ukraine explores the art and activism of Ukraine’s “interrevolutionary” generation—the generation between 2004’s Orange Revolution and 2014’s Euromaidan. Jessica Zychowicz argues that across the spectrum of artistic and political movements of that period, the focus was on the failure of the reforms promised after the 2004 mass uprising against falsified elections. Interrogating state and economic violence, these artistic and political movements reassert the human body as a site of agency and protest. Specifically, Zychowicz the female body is the of dissent: and sexuality remain in the foreground of these activists’ experimentations and their appropriations of representational schemata of past canonical works from nineteenth- and twentieth-century Slavic and and photography”","PeriodicalId":46889,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Sociology-A Journal of Reviews","volume":"52 1","pages":"388 - 389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45725953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cage of Days: Time and Temporal Experience in Prison","authors":"Shauntey James","doi":"10.1177/00943061231181317d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00943061231181317d","url":null,"abstract":"understanding of work-life balance. As noted earlier, the final section, ‘‘Digital and Visual Methods,’’ contains projects using novel methodologies that allow researchers to examine work-life balance in mostly unobtrusive ways. Using data collected through a mobile phone app, Julia Cook and Dan Woodman (Chapter 15) explore how young couples organize and manage time together. They followed this data collection with indepth interviews to clarify issues and deepen their understanding of challenges along the way. In Chapter Sixteen, Caroline Gatrell discusses a netography project on the lives and concerns of pregnant and breastfeeding employees. The final chapter, by Marjan De Coster and Patrizia Zanoni, uses visuals to challenge the gendered binary nature of much work-life balance research by allowing participants to step outside of the normative scripts of work-life and gender. Overall, this collection shows the breadth and depth of work-life balance research and methods. It engages an international group of authors using a wide variety of methods and touches on the challenges and opportunities created by the COVID-19 pandemic. The volume also encourages ways to think about work-life in understudied populations. While the inclusion of research on fathers and older adults shows the expansion of work-life research outside of the focus on mothers and traditional populations, it also highlights the continuing heterosexual and parenting focus of much work-life research. Yet the studies and newer methodologies point to ways that work-life among non-heterosexual, non-parenting, and non-partnered individuals could be studied. The Cage of Days: Time and Temporal Experience in Prison, by K. C. Carceral and Michael G. Flaherty. New York: Columbia University Press, 2022. 320 pp. $35.00 paper. ISBN: 9780231203456.","PeriodicalId":46889,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Sociology-A Journal of Reviews","volume":"52 1","pages":"323 - 324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46163906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black Identity Viewed from a Barber's Chair: Nigrescence and Eudaimonia","authors":"Ebonie Cunningham Stringer","doi":"10.1177/00943061231181317g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00943061231181317g","url":null,"abstract":"expensive than temporary, emergency services) or identity-based (veterans have served our country and should not remain homeless). Together, economic and identity-based arguments show the strength of the nation’s commitment to free market capitalism and to assistance that rewards people seen as innocent, good, or deserving. These pillars of public opinion have endured for generations and inform policy decisions that will be monumentally difficult to change. The authors may agree with this conclusion. In fact, and despite this book’s significant contributions, the looming question of whether or not we, as a nation, ‘‘will extend the same focus, attention, and resources to the rest of the population without stable housing’’ (p. 204) remains unanswered.","PeriodicalId":46889,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Sociology-A Journal of Reviews","volume":"52 1","pages":"328 - 330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46644844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spent behind the Wheel: Drivers' Labor in the Uber Economy","authors":"Alexandrea J. Ravenelle","doi":"10.1177/00943061231181317q","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00943061231181317q","url":null,"abstract":"the ‘‘doing’’ of the research. Of course, this iterative and sequential process is possible because of the careful attention to training and test data. Sequential and iterative research is perhaps clearest in the discovery section of the text. Here the authors devote a substantial portion of the text to explaining the excitement of allowing one to discover an unexpected concept while in the process of analyzing data. Beginning from the assumption that text data does not have one ‘‘truth’’ to tell but rather that there are myriad methods to represent what the text can tell us (some more useful than others), the authors demonstrate that by using different methodologies, researchers can discover distinct aspects of bodies of text. They explain in detail several methods (e.g., clustering, mixed-membership topic models, and embeddings) that allow a researcher to uncover a pattern in text data that might not have otherwise emerged. That is, using a subset of textual data, researchers uncover a theme that they may not have begun their project with. This exciting new finding can then spur additional inquiries without ‘‘starting over’’ or polluting the scientific process. The authors navigate a fine line here and emphasize that this process of discovery (as well as other analytical procedures such as measurement and causal inference) maintains integrity by splitting the textual data into groups—some that the researcher discovers with and some that the researcher validates with. Here, we encounter a key aspect of this text that links computer science and the social sciences as well as inductive and deductive scholarship: the process of validation. Much of this text is dedicated to validation—its definition, its implementation, and especially its importance in the analysis of textual data. Hesitant readers should rest assured that the authors are not circumventing methodological rigor. This ambitious project is particularly admirable for its pursuit of multiple audiences. At different points in the text, the content is well suited for an advanced undergraduate methods class. At others, the methodological detail is such that even a experienced practitioner may not find it entirely comprehensible. As with most guidebooks, Text as Data cannot be all things to all interested parties; but it provides guidance for social scientists at multiple points in their journey. Helpfully, the authors are also careful to credit the many innovators and innovations in text analysis, pointing eager readers to other sources to further their study. Very occasionally, introducing the research process from the perspective of textual data does not balance well with the methodological specificity that follows in each section. This text is a much-needed addition to methodological work in the social sciences— not just because of its niche application to textual data, but because it contributes an important argument amid our occasional obsession with methodological purity at the cost o","PeriodicalId":46889,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Sociology-A Journal of Reviews","volume":"52 1","pages":"348 - 350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41426871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Democratic Norms of Earth System Governance: Deliberative Politics in the Anthropocene","authors":"M. Berg","doi":"10.1177/00943061231181317a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00943061231181317a","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change has made it clear that humans are facing one of their most daunting challenges: to reach broad awareness of the unsustainability of current trajectories of development and to change the route. However, the global environmental issues at hand are not limited to climate change. Humanity has come to interfere with several planetary boundaries, including biodiversity loss, chemical pollution, and freshwater use (Rockström et al. 2009). Human interference with planetary systems and its fundamental environmental consequences have led to the conclusion that we have entered a new geological era. We are now living in the Anthropocene. The concept of Anthropocene suggests that no part of the natural world is untouched by humans. This implies that humans have broad responsibility for nature and that solutions to environmental problems need to place humans near the center (p. 11). One of the most dramatic consequences of these insights is that humans are (or should be) competing against time to limit the negative consequences of the current environmental crises. Democratic Norms of Earth System Governance: Deliberative Politics in the Anthropocene, by Walter Baber and Robert Bartlett, starts with this daunting challenge, arguing that ‘‘[t]he processes that must be confronted and reflexively transformed lie at the heart of modernity, notably the forces and relations of economic production, the ways that risk is managed, and the processes of knowledge generation and dissemination’’ (p. 1). But the challenge does not end there. In a global world economy and political order, successful governance measures need to address local to global levels through institutions that are not only flexible and adjustable to context but that are also accountable and serve to protect nature and humans in a just and responsible manner. Due to the limited time frame that is available to address these challenges before they grow even more severe, Baber and Bartlett suggest that the existing global administrative bureaucracy is bound to have a key role in this transformation. A deliberative model of administrative accountability may serve to increase its legitimacy and efficiency, as well as moral accountability. The book, as I read it, fills two purposes. The first one is to map the terrain of global environmental governance, and the second one is to propose and argue for institutional changes suitable for environmental governance in the Anthropocene. When mapping the terrain, Baber and Bartlett start with five dimensions of global environmental governance that have been key topics within academic debate over the last decades. There has been an extensive debate regarding the role of the state as well as the influence of a broader set of actors in governance networks. When accounting for agency in global environmental governance, Baber and Bartlett give specific attention to academics, activists, billionaires, and bureaucrats; people or groups within the established sy","PeriodicalId":46889,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Sociology-A Journal of Reviews","volume":"52 1","pages":"317 - 319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42009321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essential Dads: The Inequalities and Politics of Fathering","authors":"Dan Cassino","doi":"10.1177/00943061231181317cc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00943061231181317cc","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46889,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Sociology-A Journal of Reviews","volume":"52 1","pages":"370 - 372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48361151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Movement for Reproductive Justice: Empowering Women of Color through Social Activism","authors":"Ranita Ray","doi":"10.1177/00943061231181317ll","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00943061231181317ll","url":null,"abstract":"risk of childhood obesity. Valdez argues that we do not need this type of science to know who is sick now nor to predict who will get sick in the future—we already know. This is what Valdez calls ‘‘epigenetic foreclosure,’’ which is essentially the insights gained and lost by examining some, but not all, epigenetic variables using traditional evidence-based medicine. Weighing the Future also gives readers an interesting glimpse into clinical trial recruitment. The trials under study had goals to recruit a diverse sample of overweight women, yet recruitment did not acknowledge the history of racism in medical experimentation nor societal fat-shaming. We also saw why people chose to enroll in prenatal nutritional clinical trials; these people wanted support in enduring social and medical stigmas associated with being overweight, diverse, and pregnant in a fat-phobic, racist society (p. 138). Yet, by enrolling in these trials, the participants subject themselves to extra surveillance and management practices that are not devoid of these stigmatizing cultural conceptions. Readers are also exposed to methodological issues such as the types of data that are collected in clinical trials (e.g., Valdez notes that certain aspects of epigenetics are selectively ignored) and how they are classified. Valdez also captures the complexity of trying to categorize race and ethnicity into distinct and quantifiable categories. These data collection and classification decisions are made by the PI and research team; thus, depending on the study, different data could be collected, or the same data that are collected could be classified differently (e.g., behavioral versus biological, when the two may be interrelated). What data are collected and how they are classified moves research in certain directions, including ultimate findings and suggestions for potential interventions. These data can also be used or sold for other medical research. This book could be of interest for graduate courses in public health, science and medicine studies, medical sociology, health sciences, and race or ethnic studies. Readers are left with the knowledge that the trials Valdez observed, and others, did not find conclusive results on effects of pregnancy weight gain on offspring; yet many scientists maintain their theoretical orientations and shift those to further surveilling preand post-pregnancy eating behaviors. Thus, in our current iteration of scientific knowledge, individual bodies remain the focus, rather than larger environmental or epigenetic explanatory variables. This is exactly why we need this book and need to continue to embed social science in health studies.","PeriodicalId":46889,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Sociology-A Journal of Reviews","volume":"52 1","pages":"386 - 387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48099172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Movements and Parties: Critical Connections in American Political Development","authors":"Amanda Pullum","doi":"10.1177/00943061231181317ii","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00943061231181317ii","url":null,"abstract":"come from a mostly homogeneous group, their experiences as activists differ widely. Stanger discovered gendered differences in participants’ responses and experiences. Men and women described their reasons for joining their respective movements differently, and they described jails, prison camps, and prisons differently based on their experiences in separate carceral spaces. Stanger argues that women tended to leave prison more changed and with a greater desire to participate in prison reform or abolition. But gender is not the sole factor in Stanger’s analysis. She analyzes the differences between religious and non-religious participants, noting how religious beliefs shaped carceral experiences. She also takes time to discuss race and racial identity, including a particularly memorable story where white participants were ‘‘baffled’’ when SOA Watch member Derrlyn Tom had to explain that their prison experiences differed because the other activists were ‘‘not of color’’ (p. 131). Derrlyn’s explanation points to one of Stanger’s recurring points: most of the participants in this study possess what Stanger calls ‘‘privilege power,’’ which allows them to act as they do (p. 100). They can act as prison witnesses because their white skin, economic privileges, high levels of education, Christian/ Catholic faith, heterosexuality or chaste status, and professional achievements make them seem like unlikely prisoners. Privilege often acts as a shield for participants; it serves as a tool that participants can wield, and it also shapes their experiences as prisoners. However, Stanger’s research reveals that this ‘‘privilege power’’ does not lead to universal experiences for the participants in her study. Stanger is clear about what this study does and does not focus on. She does not debate whether or not the actions taken by the participants in her study count as nonviolent to everyone because she accepts that these actors have articulated their actions as nonviolent. She also stresses that while she understands the limitations and shortcomings of the participants and movements in her research, she chose to uplift the stories that provide models for transformative change. Her work does not ignore difficult questions, but it remains focused on her subjects and their voices. There are some weaknesses within this study—notably, in her historical analysis, Stanger fails to fully address the violent aspects of abolition, and she mentions historical figures such as Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman without discussing any of their public stances on the use of violence for tactical means. However, the strengths of this research outweigh its weaknesses. Incarcerated Resistance offers a thoughtful, feminist analysis of justice action prisoners. Stanger’s work can help readers better understand how activists employ privilege to fight injustice, as well as the consequences of their work.","PeriodicalId":46889,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Sociology-A Journal of Reviews","volume":"52 1","pages":"381 - 383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48247356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weighing the Future: Race, Science, and Pregnancy Trials in the Postgenomic Era","authors":"Ophra Leyser-Whalen","doi":"10.1177/00943061231181317kk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00943061231181317kk","url":null,"abstract":"Weighing the Future: Race, Science, and Pregnancy Trials in the Postgenomic Era is the first book of its kind to examine the social, political, and health implications of prenatal trials in the United States and the United Kingdom that study associations between gestational weight gain and childhood weight gain. Most, if not all, evidence-based medicine is funded and designed in North America and Europe, with the aim of enabling the generalizability of data and results globally. This book is based on years of massive qualitative data collection from which Natali Valdez draws her analyses: archival research on health and related policies, participant observation of hundreds of prenatal clinical trial visits with patients, and attendance at national and webinar conferences on obesity and pregnancy trials. Valdez also conducted interviews with clinical trial staff members, PIs, and research collaborators in the United States and the United Kingdom. Lest you think this book is dry reporting, Valdez sprinkles each chapter with theoretically rich concepts of racial surveillance biocapitalism connected to scientific knowledge production. She outlines capitalism’s reliance on ideas of individual responsibility, which leads to a disinvestment in public health and investment in privatization of medical research. Topics such as medical surveillance and its propensity to translate human experiences into behavioral data, its ties to racism, and its consideration of environmental factors are also interwoven into each chapter analysis. Readers learn that medical recommendations about whether to monitor pregnant women’s weight and the amount of weight gain that is ideal has shifted historically and cross-culturally between the United States and the United Kingdom. Presently, monitoring weight gain is the idea du jour, and there are currently more clinical trials that target pregnant people for lifestyle interventions than ever before. These trials focus on speculation to predict and prevent future health problems, and Valdez aptly notes, ‘‘Those who are in the position to speculate . . . on future remedies are not the ones who suffer the consequences of failed predictions’’ (p. 14). What is problematic, Valdez argues, is that individual lifestyle interventions are symptomatic of systemic racism and ignore social-environmental factors that affect people’s lives and health, therefore making the interventions ineffective. The ideology behind the clinical trials and their interventions assume that certain people’s pregnant bodies are risky and that these people have the ability to modify their bodies and behaviors, which also feeds into the gendered assumption that mothers are solely responsible for their children’s health. These bodies then become subject to interventions. These prenatal trials are conducted in the current postgenomic era, which refers to the period following the completion of the human genome project at the turn of the twenty-first century. Throug","PeriodicalId":46889,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Sociology-A Journal of Reviews","volume":"52 1","pages":"385 - 386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49519768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Counter-Enlightenment, Existential Irony, and Sanctification: Essays in the Sociology of Western Art Musics","authors":"Stephen Harold Riggins","doi":"10.1177/00943061231181317t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00943061231181317t","url":null,"abstract":"novel. The book leaves too much to the imagination of the readers to draw their own conclusions. Some ending remarks to summarize the main points would have helped. Again, how do we connect the dots between artisanal ethos and sustainability, from the micro to the macro? That said, the book does offer insight for the future of Japan as well as a deeper understanding of Japanese society and culture. In the age of limits and shrinking population, the pursuit of further economic growth may not be a viable path for Japan. While I was not entirely convinced that the artisanal ethos and ordinary virtues in everyday life were the way forward for Japan, Lie’s inquiry into the ‘‘ordinariness’’ of everyday life is of tremendous value. I was reminded of one of the first teachings in sociology from graduate school—to question the obvious, because we often discover the extraordinary in our ordinary lives.","PeriodicalId":46889,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Sociology-A Journal of Reviews","volume":"52 1","pages":"353 - 355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42305095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}