Journal of Genocide Research最新文献

{"title":"“An Asiatic Deed”: The Cambodian Genocide and the West German Right, Or a Study of an Illiberal Variant of Multidirectional Memory","authors":"Charlotte Kiechel","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2023.2297502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2023.2297502","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139447492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inescapably Genocidal","authors":"Martin Shaw","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2023.2300555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2023.2300555","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139388528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction: The Russian Invasion of Ukraine","authors":"Diana Dumitru, A. D. Moses","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2023.2290767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2023.2290767","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":"23 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The International Administration of Territory as an Interim Peace","authors":"A. D. Moses, Jessie Barton Hronešová","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2023.2291923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2023.2291923","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":"290 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When the Head of State Makes Rape Jokes, His Troops Rape on the Ground: Conflict-Related Sexual Violence in Russia’s Aggression against Ukraine","authors":"Kateryna Busol","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2023.2292344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2023.2292344","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139002457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Return to Antenora? Observations on Collaboration During the Russo-Ukrainian War","authors":"Jared McBride","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2023.2267848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2023.2267848","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135616465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Soon We Forget: National Myth-Making and Recognition of the Armenian Genocide","authors":"Maria Armoudian, Katherine Smits","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2023.2268483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2023.2268483","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTScholars in genocide studies have covered much ground in identifying causes and consequences of genocides. But much less has been done in the area of genocide recognitions: Why have countries recognized some genocides but not others? Strategic and economic relations with perpetrator states, or the influence of diasporan ethnic minorities are often assumed as causes, but we propose that conceptions of national identity may underlie these other factors. We explore a case that other factors do not readily explain: Given New Zealand’s previous bold stances on human rights, its strong self-identity as a human rights supporter, its recognition of some genocides, and its active and vociferous support of Armenians before, during and after the genocide, why does it refuse to recognize the Armenian genocide? We explore New Zealand’s reversal of attitudes by analyzing its public and official discourse in three time periods – first at the time of the Armenian genocide; second, in the late twentieth century when new narratives of national identity, enthusiasm for trade relations with Turkey, and the Anzac myth were established, and third, in the contemporary era, in which successive governments continue to refuse recognition. While we think the anticipated closer economic relations with Turkey during the second timeframe helped drive the shift, we theorize that New Zealand’s current refusal to recognize the genocide is grounded in the construction of its national identity during the second period – particularly in the establishment of the Anzac myth. This involved a changing portrayal of “the Turks” from enemy to fellow victims of the evils of war and imperial invasion, and modern-day Turkey as the sacred “home” of New Zealand’s war dead.KEYWORDS: GenociderecognitionNew Zealandhuman rightsArmeniannational identity Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Raymond Kévorkian, The Armenian Genocide: A Complete History (London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2011); Taner Akçam, A Shameful Act: The Armenian Genocide and the Question of Turkish Responsibility (London: Macmillan, 2006); Ronald Suny, They Can Live in the Desert but Nowhere Else: A History of the Armenian Genocide (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2015); Benny Morris and Dror Ze'evi, The Thirty-Year Genocide: Turkey’s Destruction of Its Christian Minorities, 1894–1924 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2019).2 Jennifer Dixon, “Norms, Narratives, and Scholarship on the Armenian Genocide,” International Journal of Middle East Studies 47, no. 4 (2015): 796–800.3 World Population Review, “Countries that recognize the Armenian genocide,” https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-that-recognize-the-armenian-genocide (accessed 29 August 2023).4 Bahar Baser and Mari Toivanen, “The Politics of Genocide Recognition: Kurdish Nation-Building and Commemoration in the Post-Saddam Era,” Journal of Genocide Research 19, no. 3 (2017): 404","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136209915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Desk Perpetrator, the Expert Witness, and the Role of Law: The Trial of Arthur Greiser","authors":"Leora Bilsky, Rachel Klagsbrun","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2023.2255407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2023.2255407","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe phenomenon of the desk perpetrator continues to pose a challenge for the law. During the sixty-odd years since the Eichmann trial, legal scholarship has mainly focused on the need to develop doctrines about participation/complicity in order to attribute responsibility to the perpetrator behind the desk. It has failed to address the more basic problem of the involvement of the law in the phenomenon of the desk perpetrator. We suggest that the difficulty stems from the dual role of law, both as an enabling platform for desk perpetration and as an institution whose design grants partial or full immunity to desk perpetrators. Based on the case of the 1946 trial of the Nazi Governor of Western Poland, Arthur Greiser, we argue that the desk perpetrator is a product of the law, and therefore the attempt to judge the individual perpetrator without simultaneously addressing the role of law is doomed to fail. We show that it was the new concept of cultural genocide, which was eventually excluded from the 1948 international convention against Genocide that allowed the Polish court to discuss directly the responsibility of the law itself for the new crimes. For this purpose, the tribunal invited a number of expert witnesses, historians, economists, and jurists. The article focuses on the testimony of the legal expert and explores how it enabled the tribunal to put the rule of law itself on trial in ascertaining the individual criminal responsibility of the defendant.KEYWORDS: International criminal lawcultural genocideRaphael LemkinArthur Greiserdesk perpetratorexpert witness AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Natalie Davidson, David Luban, Roy Kreitner, Patrycja Grzebyk and Olga Kartashova for their thoughtful comments, Uri Brun for his research assistance, and Philippa Shimrat for her help with editing.Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 See Patrycja Grzebyk, “The Role of the Polish Supreme National Tribunal in the Development of Principles of International Criminal Law,” in Historical Origins of International Criminal Law: Volume 2, ed. Morten Bergsmo, CHEAH Wui Ling, and YI Ping (Brussels: Torkel Opsahl, 2014), 603–30; Alexander V. Prusin, “Poland’s Nuremberg: The Seven Court Cases of the Supreme National Tribunal, 1946–1948,” Holocaust and Genocide Studies 24, no. 1 (2010): 1–25; Michael Fleming, In the Shadow of the Holocaust: Poland, the United Nations War Crimes Commission, and the Search for Justice (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022); Andrew Kornbluth, The August Trials: The Holocaust and Postwar Justice in Poland (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2021); Francine Hirsch, Soviet Judgment at Nuremberg (New York: Oxford University Press, 2020).2 The term “desk perpetrator” (In German, Schreibtischtäter) refers to an individual, characteristically a state official, who bears responsibility for mass crimes without directly carrying them out. The term origina","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135202395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Does Singularity of the Holocaust Mean?","authors":"Michael Wildt","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2023.2248818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2023.2248818","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46624830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“There Should Be No Life”: Environmental Perspectives on Genocide in Northern Iraq","authors":"Ariel I. Ahram","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2023.2254555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2023.2254555","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47891524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}