Journal of Disaster Research最新文献_第6页

Who Pays? Cost-Sharing for Disaster Management in the US and Japan 谁买单？美国和日本灾害管理的成本分担

IF 0.8

Journal of Disaster Research Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2023.p0467

M. Ishiwatari, Daniel P. Aldrich, Daisuke Sasaki

{"title":"Who Pays? Cost-Sharing for Disaster Management in the US and Japan","authors":"M. Ishiwatari, Daniel P. Aldrich, Daisuke Sasaki","doi":"10.20965/jdr.2023.p0467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2023.p0467","url":null,"abstract":"Whether national and local governments should assume larger financial responsibility for reducing disaster risk remains a controversial issue. Local governments lack resources to cover the full cost of managing mega-disasters and need assistance from higher level governments. However, national governments covering all costs may create moral hazards, discouraging local governments from investing in ex-ante measures. This study identifies national and local governments’ fiscal responsibility determinants for disaster management. Despite the differences between the federal system in the US and the centralized system in Japan, the two countries’ national governments share common practices. Both have continuously developed legislation to expand their financial responsibilities for relief and recovery efforts as disaster consequences have increased. We argue that despite major institutional differences in Japan’s unitary and the US federal government systems, both have expanded the areas covered by national assistance along with the amount over time. These findings bring with them recommendations for governments in an era of increasing extreme weather events due to climate change.","PeriodicalId":46831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Disaster Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42014489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wavelet Transform Method for the Evaluation of the Seismic Response of One Isolated Building in the Lima Metropolitan Area 利马市区某隔震建筑地震反应的小波变换评价方法

IF 0.8

Journal of Disaster Research Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2023.p0338

Joseph Jaramillo, M. Diaz, C. Zavala, K. Kusunoki, Italo Inocente, Danty Otero

{"title":"Wavelet Transform Method for the Evaluation of the Seismic Response of One Isolated Building in the Lima Metropolitan Area","authors":"Joseph Jaramillo, M. Diaz, C. Zavala, K. Kusunoki, Italo Inocente, Danty Otero","doi":"10.20965/jdr.2023.p0338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2023.p0338","url":null,"abstract":"Structural health monitoring based on vibration measurements is a process that implements the instrumentation of sensors and methodologies to provide information regarding the condition of a structure, which allows the evaluation of the safety and integrity of structural systems. Because of this, in the past decades, several algorithms have been developed; among them, the wavelet transform is considered an efficient method for the elimination of the error contained in the acceleration recorded by the sensors. However, due to the complex nature of earthquakes and the particularity of the structural systems, the parameters used by the wavelet transform for error elimination in the seismic response are frequently variable. This paper proposes a method to get the seismic response of a base-isolated building subjected to ground-strong motions through numerical simulations of a mathematical model of the structure, using synthetic records based on historical seismic events occurring in Peru. In this way, the research found that the optimal intrinsic parameters of the building correspond to an approximate frequency interval of 0.20 to 6.25 Hz. Finally, the results show that this method is valid and can be reliably applied in structural health monitoring systems.","PeriodicalId":46831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Disaster Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46725426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of the Structural Typologies of Buildings in the Lima Metropolitan Area 利马都市圈建筑结构类型学特征

IF 0.8

Journal of Disaster Research Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2023.p0329

M. Diaz, C. Zavala, M. Estrada, M. Matsuoka

{"title":"Characterization of the Structural Typologies of Buildings in the Lima Metropolitan Area","authors":"M. Diaz, C. Zavala, M. Estrada, M. Matsuoka","doi":"10.20965/jdr.2023.p0329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2023.p0329","url":null,"abstract":"The Lima metropolitan area is in a prone earthquake zone, which is exposed to a seismic gap; this can result in Mw 8.9 megathrust earthquake in the central Peru. After the Pisco earthquake in 2007, risk management policies changed in Peru and are improving annually. Thus, more resources are destinated to assessing earthquake hazard, vulnerability, and risk in districts of the Lima metropolitan area mainly; nevertheless, they are limited to cover in detailed the whole extension of probable affected area after this potential megathrust earthquake. Data of buildings in the Lima metropolitan area were analyzed in this paper, to provide useful information in the development of rapid methodologies of identification of buildings. The Japan Peru Center for Earthquake Engineering and Disaster Mitigation (CISMID) gathered these data from 2010 to 2021 in field surveys to conduct vulnerability and risk studies; the survey of building characteristics consisted of obtain mainly the number of stories, predominant material, structural systems, type of occupancy, and state of conservation. Vulnerability and risk studies for districts of the Lima metropolitan area were conducted by considering one representative building in one block. Results showed that the predominant material in the Lima metropolitan area is masonry, used in different structural systems, such as confined masonry and other which are nonengineered structures. Also, two-story buildings are predominant in the target area, followed by one and three-stories buildings. Risk assessment for the Lima metropolitan area and the study area were conducted using the data from the characterization of structural typologies obtained in this study. Approximately, 47.72% and 58.67% of buildings presented a very high-risk level in the Lima metropolitan area and the study area, respectively, under the expected earthquake scenario due to the seismic gap in the central Peru.","PeriodicalId":46831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Disaster Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47819086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimation of the Restoration Period of the Water Supply System in Lima, Peru, After a Scenario Earthquake 秘鲁利马市供水系统在地震后恢复周期的估计

IF 0.8

Journal of Disaster Research Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2023.p0359

Y. Maruyama, Ryo Ichimoto, N. Nojima, Italo Inocente, J. Gallardo, L. Quiroz

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Landslide Risks Through a Multi-Disciplinary Approach: A Case Study of Al Hoceima, Northern Morocco 通过多学科方法评估滑坡风险：以摩洛哥北部Al Hoceima为例

IF 0.8

Journal of Disaster Research Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2023.p0424

Mohamed El Khattabi, J. El Khattabi, A. Azdimousa, P. Plotto, Gharibi El Khadir

{"title":"Assessment of Landslide Risks Through a Multi-Disciplinary Approach: A Case Study of Al Hoceima, Northern Morocco","authors":"Mohamed El Khattabi, J. El Khattabi, A. Azdimousa, P. Plotto, Gharibi El Khadir","doi":"10.20965/jdr.2023.p0424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2023.p0424","url":null,"abstract":"Landslides are very dangerous phenomena dependent upon several parameters and criteria widespread in Northern Morocco. Their management is complex because of the dangers posed to the population and by the habitat, but also due to the difficulty of remedial actions. To address this, a methodology is needed based on the analysis of land movements through a multidisciplinary approach combining geology, hydrogeochemistry, and geotechnics. This perspective was adopted in this study of landslides in the city of Al Hoceima (Northern Morocco), and in particular on the slope located in front of the Al Hoceima port, which shows a morphology of old landslides, and more recent ones subject to factors of instability or landslides that activate after periods of intense rain. The analysis and interpretation of satellite images reveals a complex morphology, shaped by a geology characterized by tectonic activity and often-altered lithology. From a geotechnical point of view, the latter induces low to medium mechanical characteristics. Inclinometric measurements situate the average depths of the sliding planes at between 15 m and 25 m. The chemical facies of the groundwater is sodium sulphate, sometimes tilting toward chloride-sodium, proof of a leaching of the autochthonous formations (Trias-Lias and Jurassic), to which is added the action of the rising water table. All these factors intervene directly in the destabilization of the slope. These results allow us to establish concrete actions for the stabilization of the slope.","PeriodicalId":46831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Disaster Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44859882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Adaptive Pushover in Confined Masonry Dwellings with Height Irregularity in the Lima Metropolitan Area 利马市区高度不规则约束砌体住宅的适应性推倒分析

IF 0.8

Journal of Disaster Research Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2023.p0350

M. Diaz, C. Zavala, Luis Lopez, Michel Amancio

{"title":"Analysis of Adaptive Pushover in Confined Masonry Dwellings with Height Irregularity in the Lima Metropolitan Area","authors":"M. Diaz, C. Zavala, Luis Lopez, Michel Amancio","doi":"10.20965/jdr.2023.p0350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2023.p0350","url":null,"abstract":"Non-engineered confined masonry dwellings are characterized by having different masonry units. One of the most common cases in the Lima Metropolitan Area is that this type of dwelling has its first floors with handmade solid units and upper floors are composed of industrial horizontal hollowed (tubular) bricks. Nonlinear static analysis by the incrementally increasing loading pattern is inadequate to estimating earthquake response of structures with height irregularity, such as non-engineered confined masonry dwellings, because the loading pattern changes during the history of reversal loads due to damaging earthquakes. This paper presents the effect of nonlinear static analysis using adaptive loading patterns in confined masonry dwellings when the type of masonry units changes drastically. Nonlinear static analyses are applied using non-adaptive and adaptive displacement-based pushover procedures. A series of nonlinear time history analyses are also conducted to measure the error in the estimation of the seismic response. The adaptive loading pattern is based on displacement approximation by the modal analysis at each step of incremental-increasing loads. The load pattern is updated considering the modal analysis of an equivalent linear model using the equivalent stiffness of the structure at the secant of the maximum previous response. The application of the adaptive loading pattern in nonlinear static analysis significantly approximates the earthquake response of confined masonry dwellings with height irregularity provided by the change of masonry bricks.","PeriodicalId":46831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Disaster Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43536175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Earthquake Damage Assessment of Buried Pipeline Networks in the Lima Metropolitan Area 利马都市圈地埋管网地震破坏评估

IF 0.8

Journal of Disaster Research Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2023.p0366

Italo Inocente, M. Diaz, J. Gallardo, Y. Maruyama, L. Quiroz, C. Zavala

{"title":"Earthquake Damage Assessment of Buried Pipeline Networks in the Lima Metropolitan Area","authors":"Italo Inocente, M. Diaz, J. Gallardo, Y. Maruyama, L. Quiroz, C. Zavala","doi":"10.20965/jdr.2023.p0366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2023.p0366","url":null,"abstract":"Lifelines such as drinking water and sewage systems provide the means and conveyance for daily critical services, and they are essential systems for recovery operations after a damaging earthquake. Therefore, earthquake damage to lifeline components needs to be reliably assessed for a possible future seismic scenario. This study presents an earthquake damage assessment of buried pipeline networks in the Lima Metropolitan Area (LMA). It includes seismic hazard analysis, a review of pipeline network datasets, and the selection of empirical fragility functions. Deterministic seismic hazard analysis was performed for an inter-plate earthquake scenario using ground motion prediction equations and site conditions to compute the distribution of the peak ground velocity (PGV). Recommendations are offered for an adequate selection of fragility functions developed in other regions, and a logic tree of fragility functions is proposed to be used in pipelines of LMA according to the data of pipeline damage after the 2007 Pisco Earthquake. Finally, the pipeline repair ratios and the total number of repairs are estimated for the earthquake scenario, and the results are geographically presented for each pipeline network.","PeriodicalId":46831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Disaster Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43731466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seismicity Based Maximum Magnitude Estimation of Subduction Earthquakes in Peru 基于秘鲁俯冲地震最大震级估算的地震活动性

IF 0.8

Journal of Disaster Research Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2023.p0308

Juan Carlos Tarazona, Z. Aguilar, N. Pulido, C. Gonzales, F. Lazares, H. Miyake

{"title":"Seismicity Based Maximum Magnitude Estimation of Subduction Earthquakes in Peru","authors":"Juan Carlos Tarazona, Z. Aguilar, N. Pulido, C. Gonzales, F. Lazares, H. Miyake","doi":"10.20965/jdr.2023.p0308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2023.p0308","url":null,"abstract":"In seismic design, intensity parameters that represent seismic demand are commonly used. A probabilistic seismic hazard assessment is an accurate way of assessing seismic demand, based on a set of parameters that represent the seismicity of a region. However, because some regions lack sufficient information, the selection of these parameters can be controversial. In Peru, selecting a maximum earthquake magnitude (Mmax) for regional seismic hazard assessments has proven to be a challenging task due to the limited available information concerning of large-magnitude events. This study evaluated the Mmax for subduction earthquakes using scaling relationships, empirical evidence, and the extreme value statistics (Kijko and Bayesian) approach. The seismic catalog was updated to February 2022 and divided into 19 subduction seismic sources (5 interface and 14 intraslab). The results showed that the obtained Mmax are within the range of Mw 8.7–9.0 for the interface and Mw 7.6–8.1 for the intraslab sources, which unlike the Mmax values established in previous regional seismic hazard assessments, are more consistent with the historical and instrumental seismicity and rupture models.","PeriodicalId":46831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Disaster Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47438149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revising the 2007 Peru Earthquake Damage Monitoring Using Machine Learning Models and Satellite Imagery 利用机器学习模型和卫星图像对2007年秘鲁地震灾害监测的修订

IF 0.8

Journal of Disaster Research Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2023.p0379

B. Adriano, H. Miura, Wen Liu, M. Matsuoka, Eduardo Portuguez, M. Diaz, M. Estrada

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Site Amplification Factors in Southern Lima, Peru Based on Microtremor H/V Spectral Ratios and Deep Neural Network 基于微震H/V谱比和深度神经网络的秘鲁利马南部站点放大因子评估

IF 0.8

Journal of Disaster Research Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2023.p0298

H. Miura, C. Gonzales, M. Diaz, M. Estrada, F. Lazares, Z. Aguilar, Da Pan, M. Matsuoka

{"title":"Assessment of Site Amplification Factors in Southern Lima, Peru Based on Microtremor H/V Spectral Ratios and Deep Neural Network","authors":"H. Miura, C. Gonzales, M. Diaz, M. Estrada, F. Lazares, Z. Aguilar, Da Pan, M. Matsuoka","doi":"10.20965/jdr.2023.p0298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2023.p0298","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluation of site amplification factors (SAFs) of seismic waves has been one of the important issues for evaluating seismic hazards. The authors have proposed a deep neural network (DNN) model in order to cost-effectively and accurately estimate SAF from microtremor horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (MHVR). In this study, we assessed the SAFs in southern Lima, Peru by estimating from MHVRs and DNN. First, we validated the applicability of the DNN model to Lima by estimating the SAFs from the MHVRs observed at seismic stations in Lima. From the comparison with the observed SAFs derived from spectral inversion technique, we confirmed that the SAFs in Lima were accurately estimated by the DNN model. The SAFs in the southern Lima including Chorrillos and Villa El Salvador districts were evaluated by applying the DNN model to the observed MHVRs at approximately 250 sites. We found that large amplifications at low frequency around 1 Hz were expected in the southeastern coastal areas formed by eolian sands whereas smaller amplification were estimated in the northwestern areas mainly located on alluvial deposits.","PeriodicalId":46831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Disaster Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46011330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0