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Toward a differentiation-based framework for middle power behavior 构建基于差异化的中等大国行为框架
IF 3.3 1区 社会学
International Theory Pub Date : 2021-01-13 DOI: 10.1017/S1752971920000688
Sarah Teo
{"title":"Toward a differentiation-based framework for middle power behavior","authors":"Sarah Teo","doi":"10.1017/S1752971920000688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971920000688","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Differentiation is a foundational premise in the study of middle powers, as evident in the way that the relevant literature distinguishes these states from the great powers and smaller states. Despite the underlying assumption of differentiation, the middle power literature has rarely engaged theoretically with the concept. This paper seeks to make more explicit this basis of differentiation in the study of middle powers, by advancing a new framework for middle power behavior that draws on differentiation theory. The framework makes the case that it is the differentiated structure in international politics – a departure from the dominant neorealist understanding of structure – that enables the behavior of middle powers. The effects of this differentiated structure are activated by the relative, relational, and social power politics that middle powers engage in, in a particular time and place. Through this process, middle powers are able to leverage their ‘middlepowerness’ in international politics by weakening stratification particularly where the great powers are concerned, and strengthening functional differentiation through taking on key and distinctive roles. By putting differentiation at the core of a framework for middle power behavior, the paper strives to make a constructive contribution to the theorizing of middle powers.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"14 1","pages":"1 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1752971920000688","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42911869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Politics and theory of global governance 政治与全球治理理论
IF 3.3 1区 社会学
International Theory Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.1017/S1752971920000408
Orfeo Fioretos, J. Tallberg
{"title":"Politics and theory of global governance","authors":"Orfeo Fioretos, J. Tallberg","doi":"10.1017/S1752971920000408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971920000408","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract At a point when global governance appears to be at a crossroad, caught between globalizing and national populist forces, International Relations theorists are deeply immersed in debating what brought the world to this point. This contribution enlists Michael Zürn's A Theory of Global Governance (2018) to explore the state of global governance theory through a focus on three substantive themes: authority, legitimacy, and contestation in global governance. It identifies the current state of theorizing on each theme, situates Zürn's claims within these literatures, and previews counterpoints from a variety of theoretical perspectives.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"13 1","pages":"99 - 111"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1752971920000408","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45186511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The global politics paradigm: guide to the future or only the recent past? 全球政治范式:指导未来还是仅仅是最近的过去?
IF 3.3 1区 社会学
International Theory Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.1017/S1752971920000445
R. Keohane
{"title":"The global politics paradigm: guide to the future or only the recent past?","authors":"R. Keohane","doi":"10.1017/S1752971920000445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971920000445","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Michael Zürn's A Theory of Global Governance is a major theoretical statement. The first section of this essay summarizes Zürn's argument, pointing out that his Global Politics Paradigm views contestation as generated endogenously from the dilemmas and contradictions of reflexive authority relationships. Authoritative international institutions, he maintains, have difficulty maintaining their legitimacy in a world suffused with democratic values. The second section systematically compares Zürn's Global Politics Paradigm with both Realism and Cooperation Theory, arguing that the three paradigms have different scope conditions and are therefore as much complementary as competitive. The third section questions the relevance of Zürn's argument to contemporary reality. Great power conflict and authoritarian populism in formerly democratic countries generate existential threats to multilateralism and global institutions that are more serious than Zürn's legitimacy deficits.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"13 1","pages":"112 - 121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1752971920000445","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45447736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
On engagement and distance in social analysis: a reply to my critics 论社会分析中的参与与距离:对批评我的人的回复
IF 3.3 1区 社会学
International Theory Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.1017/S1752971920000615
F. Kratochwil
{"title":"On engagement and distance in social analysis: a reply to my critics","authors":"F. Kratochwil","doi":"10.1017/S1752971920000615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971920000615","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The problem of ‘distance and engagement’ highlights the Weberian paradox that objectivity in the social sciences cannot be based on demonstrative proof; it has to take into account values as the constituents of our ‘interests’. Values should be explicit even if this ‘perspectivity’ cannot satisfy the criteria of necessity and universality. Allegedly, my skeptical approach to ‘social theory’ leaves researchers with insufficient ‘hope’, but one also learns from understanding that something is impossible or conceptually flawed. Moreover, deeper issues of analyzing social action, with existential and moral dimensions, should be considered. These involve our cognitive capacities, experiences, and emotions.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"13 1","pages":"588 - 602"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1752971920000615","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48816412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Unsettling times for human rights: remarks on ‘The politics of rights’ 人权的不安时代:关于“权利政治”的评论
IF 3.3 1区 社会学
International Theory Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.1017/S1752971920000597
J. Welsh
{"title":"Unsettling times for human rights: remarks on ‘The politics of rights’","authors":"J. Welsh","doi":"10.1017/S1752971920000597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971920000597","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This commentary focuses on Kratochwil's observation about the gap between the pervasiveness of human rights language and its susceptibility to perverse effects and abuse. After demonstrating that Kratochwil shares much of the contemporary skepticism about the alleged foundations and legitimacy of human rights, the comment elaborates on his claims that human rights were and are particularistic and that ‘rights talk’ produces unintended consequences for the individuals whose autonomy was meant to flourish. He questions but ultimately does not answer whether the broader anthropocentric ethos that underpins Western societies, and legal systems, may one day be superseded by ‘non-rightist’ approaches.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"13 1","pages":"567 - 573"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1752971920000597","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44314200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Global governance in the age of epistemic authority 知识权威时代的全球治理
IF 3.3 1区 社会学
International Theory Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.1017/S1752971920000433
Vincent Pouliot
{"title":"Global governance in the age of epistemic authority","authors":"Vincent Pouliot","doi":"10.1017/S1752971920000433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971920000433","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Today's global governance is qualitatively different from the past, according to Michael Zürn's penetrating analysis. With the rise of epistemic authority, reflexivity, service, and request have come to surpass command and control as key modes of global governance, leading to new forms of legitimation and contestation. I engage with this rich and thought-provoking argument on three counts. First, it remains doubtful that states defer to international organizations because the latter ‘know better’. There exist many gaps in epistemic authority and politics often trump rationality in global governance. Second, it is not clear how global hierarchy, which Zürn equates with ‘pockets of authority’, could emerge out of demands and requests, precisely because epistemic authority is so fluid and prone to contestation. Third, as historically young and increasingly based on service authority as it may be, contemporary global governance still rests on a body of inherited practices whose legitimation principles seem closer to tradition than to reflexive justification.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"13 1","pages":"144 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1752971920000433","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43073122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
On the role of contestations, the power of reflexive authority, and legitimation problems in the global political system 关于争论的作用，反身权威的力量，以及全球政治体系中的合法性问题
IF 3.3 1区 社会学
International Theory Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.1017/S1752971920000391
M. Zürn
{"title":"On the role of contestations, the power of reflexive authority, and legitimation problems in the global political system","authors":"M. Zürn","doi":"10.1017/S1752971920000391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971920000391","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This response to my critics discusses four claims that are central for A Theory of Global Governance. The first claim is that observing a high level of conflict and contestation in world politics is not proof of the unimportance of global governance, since many of the current conflicts and contestations are about international institutions. The second claim is that the 1990s saw a rise of trans- and international authority beyond the nation-state that is essential for the rise of a global political system. Third, a global system of loosely coupled spheres of authority relies on ‘critical deference’ (reflexive authority) but also contains numerous elements of coercion. And fourth, a technocratic legitimation of intrusive international authorities cannot build on emotions or a sense of belonging. This deficit creates a political opportunity structure that allows for the rise of a myriad of dissenters. The relative importance of them depends on the availability of resources for mobilization and not on the quality of reasons for resistance.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"13 1","pages":"192 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1752971920000391","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46467963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Governance by Other Means: Rankings as Regulatory Systems 其他方式治理:作为监管系统排名
IF 3.3 1区 社会学
International Theory Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.1017/S1752971920000457
J. Kelley, B. Simmons
{"title":"Governance by Other Means: Rankings as Regulatory Systems","authors":"J. Kelley, B. Simmons","doi":"10.1017/S1752971920000457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971920000457","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article takes the challenges of global governance and legitimacy seriously and looks at new ways in which international organizations (IOs) have attempted to ‘govern’ without explicit legal or regulatory directives. Specifically, we explore the growth of global performance indicators as a form of social control that appears to have certain advantages even as states and civil society actors push back against international regulatory authority. This article discusses the ways in which Michael Zürn's diagnosis of governance dilemmas helps to explain the rise of such ranking systems. These play into favored paradigms that give information and market performance greater social acceptance than rules, laws, and directives designed by international organizations. We discuss how and why these schemes can constitute governance systems, and some of the evidence regarding their effects on actors’ behaviors. Zürn's book provides a useful context for understanding the rise and effectiveness of Governance by Other Means: systems that ‘inform’ and provoke competition among states, shaping outcomes without directly legislating performance.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"13 1","pages":"169 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1752971920000457","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47947633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Meditating on rights and responsibility: remarks on ‘the limits and burdens of rights’ 对权利与责任的思考:评“权利的限制与负担”
IF 3.3 1区 社会学
International Theory Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.1017/S1752971920000640
Kathryn Sikkink
{"title":"Meditating on rights and responsibility: remarks on ‘the limits and burdens of rights’","authors":"Kathryn Sikkink","doi":"10.1017/S1752971920000640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971920000640","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Kratochwil's critique of rights as a dominant moral theory that cannot avoid ‘hegemonic’ politics appears to be too crude. This article suggests that more theoretical and practical attention to the responsibilities necessary to implement rights could address some of Kratochwil's concerns. The language of political and ethical responsibilities is often missing from the practical action discourse of human rights. The article emphasizes the multitude of potential ‘agents of justice’ and how they can discharge forward-looking responsibilities in open and discretionary ways.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"13 1","pages":"574 - 580"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1752971920000640","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42965135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
In the midst of theory and practice: a foreword 在理论与实践之中:前言
IF 3.3 1区 社会学
International Theory Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.1017/S1752971920000548
Hannes Peltonen, Knut Traisbach
{"title":"In the midst of theory and practice: a foreword","authors":"Hannes Peltonen, Knut Traisbach","doi":"10.1017/S1752971920000548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971920000548","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This foreword frames the Symposium in two ways. It summarises the core themes running through the nine ‘meditations’ in The Status of Law in World Society. Moreover, it places these themes in the wider context of Kratochwil's critical engagement with how we pursue knowledge of and in the social world and translate this knowledge into action. Ultimately, also his pragmatic approach cannot escape the tensions between theory and practice. Instead, we are in the midst of both.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"13 1","pages":"508 - 512"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1752971920000548","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45886502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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