European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research最新文献_第3页

The development of cycling in European countries since 1990 1990年以来欧洲国家自行车运动的发展

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.2.5411

P. Schepers, M. Helbich, M. Hagenzieker, B. Geus, M. Dozza, N. Agerholm, A. Niska, N. Airaksinen, F. Papon, R. Gerike, T. Bjørnskau, R. Aldred

{"title":"The development of cycling in European countries since 1990","authors":"P. Schepers, M. Helbich, M. Hagenzieker, B. Geus, M. Dozza, N. Agerholm, A. Niska, N. Airaksinen, F. Papon, R. Gerike, T. Bjørnskau, R. Aldred","doi":"10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.2.5411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.2.5411","url":null,"abstract":"High pre-World-War-2 modal shares of cycling in European countries sharply decreased during the post-war decades. In the 1990s, European governments introduced policies to increase bicycle use. However, a database or longitudinal study on the development of bicycle use in European countries is lacking. The goal of this paper is to examine to what degree the amount of cycling has increased over the past decades, also in the context of potentially competing modes. Distances travelled per capita according to National Travel Surveys have been collected and were aggregated to seven 4-year periods between 1990 and 2017. Multilevel regression analyses on distance travelled per capita by bicycle, on foot, by public transport, and by passenger car were conducted for all countries. Additionally, analyses were conducted for which the 14 countries with data on bicycle use were divided in three groups categorised according to distance cycled per capita at the beginning of the study period. Distance cycled per capita per year ranged from some 30 km to 900 km. The results of all four regression analyses suggested that distance cycled per capita remained fairly constant over the past decades. Germany is an exception with some 150 km per capita more, in relative terms a 50% increase. Geographical variation in development is evidenced by a substantial increase of distance cycled per inhabitant in the capital cities of the countries included in the study. The outcomes suggest distance travelled on foot and by public transport (bus, tram, and metro) also remained fairly constant while the distance travelled by car increased by about 10% during the study period. We did not find indications that cycling substitutes travel on foot, by public transport or by car.","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44927421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

A vulnerability analysis of rail network disruptions during winter weather in the Netherlands 荷兰冬季铁路网中断的脆弱性分析

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research Pub Date : 2021-04-22 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.2.3956

D. Neves, K. Geurs, L. Paix, Erik Lindhout, Maarten Zanen

{"title":"A vulnerability analysis of rail network disruptions during winter weather in the Netherlands","authors":"D. Neves, K. Geurs, L. Paix, Erik Lindhout, Maarten Zanen","doi":"10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.2.3956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.2.3956","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a rail network vulnerability analysis to identify which links within the Dutch rail network are most vulnerable to winter weather. A vulnerability index was developed to measure rail vulnerability during winter weather based on switch-related disruptions, integrating both node and link components into a probabilistic measure of vulnerability. The analysis looked at disruption data for 379 Dutch stations during the years 2007-2017. Links in dense population areas, which operate a high number of switches, are most susceptible to winter disturbances. Particularly, three main railway stations (Utrecht, Amersfoort and Zwolle) are the most critical locations within the network in terms of extreme winter conditions and disruptions. In addition, we developed two scenarios to analyse implications of different railway switch reduction strategies on rail vulnerability. The proposed rail vulnerability index can be a useful tool to define operational strategies to reduce the vulnerability of the Dutch railway network. Decreasing the number of switches at station areas appears to be more effective for reducing railway vulnerability than decreasing the number of switches throughout the entire network.","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45465223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

COVID-19 transmission risk minimization at public transportation stops using Differential Evolution algorithm 使用差分进化算法最小化公共交通站点的新冠肺炎传播风险

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.1.5129

M. M. Mutlu, İ̇̇lyas Cihan Aksoy, Y. Alver

{"title":"COVID-19 transmission risk minimization at public transportation stops using Differential Evolution algorithm","authors":"M. M. Mutlu, İ̇̇lyas Cihan Aksoy, Y. Alver","doi":"10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.1.5129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.1.5129","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Public transportation vehicles, with their confined spaces and limited ventilation, are considered among the primary factors in the spread of COVID-19. As a measure to slow the spread of the virus during the pandemic, governments have applied passenger capacity restrictions to ensure physical distancing. On the other hand, the increase in the risk of disease transmission associated with passengers waiting together at stops is omitted. In this study, we consider the risk of disease transmission as a travel cost and formulate a risk minimization problem as a transit network frequency setting problem. We develop a bi-level optimization model minimizing the total infection risk occurring at stops, namely, the cumulative disease transmission risk cost. The Differential Evolution algorithm is employed to cope with the NP-hard bi-level transportation network design problem. We propose a novel objective function for the upper-level model, considering the infection risk cost based on passenger traffic at public transportation stops. A congested user-equilibrium transit assignment model is utilized to determine passenger movement. The proposed model is applied to a small-size hypothetical network, and a mid-size test network. Experimental studies provide evidence that the model can produce optimal solutions. Optimization results show significant improvements in the reduction of disease transmission risk compared to the optimizations depending on the traditional practice of transportation network planning based on user and operator costs. The proposed model provides risk cost reductions of 51% and 22% compared to the optimal solutions based on user cost minimization in the hypothetical network and Mandl’s network, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49414685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on commuting 新冠肺炎封锁对通勤的影响

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.1.5135

Takeru Shibayama, Fabian Sandholzer, Barbara Laa, T. Brezina

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on commuting","authors":"Takeru Shibayama, Fabian Sandholzer, Barbara Laa, T. Brezina","doi":"10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.1.5135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.1.5135","url":null,"abstract":"We carried out an international online survey about changes in everyday mobility during the COVID-19 outbreak in 21 languages, collecting more than 11,000 responses from more than 100 countries. In this paper, we present our analysis about commuting travels of the responses between 23 March and 12 May 2020 from the fourteen countries with 100 or more responses, namely Austria, Brazil, Bulgaria, Czechia, Germany, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Thailand, and the UK. Home office is used typically by between 40% and 60% of working respondents. Among people with workplaces with possibility for home office, the percentage is between 60% and 80%. Among people with workplaces where presence is essential, the percentage does not typically go beyond 30%. This result potentially implies an ultimate magnitude of a strong home office measure. Among those who continued to commute but switched commuting transport modes from public transport to others, the COVID-19 infection risk in public transport is the reason that is most often referred to, but many of those who changed to private cars and to bicycles report reduced travel time, too. Measures to encourage the use of active travel modes where possible are strongly recommended, as this would potentially mitigate undesirable modal shift towards private motorized modes triggered by perception of infection risks while travelling with public transport.","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46718463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 42

Editorial: Special issue of the 8th Symposium of the European Association of Research in Transportation 社论:第八届欧洲交通研究协会研讨会特刊

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.1.5639

Virginie Lurkin, N. Mouter

引用次数: 0

Multi-agent programming to enhance resiliency of earthquake-prone old metropolitan areas by transit-oriented development under public-private partnership 多主体规划，通过公私合作下以交通为导向的发展，增强易受地震影响的老城区的复原力

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.1.4304

Hojjatollah Soleimani, H. Poorzahedy

{"title":"Multi-agent programming to enhance resiliency of earthquake-prone old metropolitan areas by transit-oriented development under public-private partnership","authors":"Hojjatollah Soleimani, H. Poorzahedy","doi":"10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.1.4304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.1.4304","url":null,"abstract":"Deteriorated urban areas in large cities have poor living standards, are inaccessible and small-sized, and have unstable building structures. Earthquake hazards may turn such situations into human disasters. In most cases, neither the governments nor the owners of these properties have enough budgets for renovating them. The purpose of this paper is to take advantage of Transit Oriented Development concepts to simultaneously solve two major urban area problems: (a) renovation of deteriorated urban areas and prevention of urban sprawl, and (b) design of transit network and promotion of transit-oriented development to reduce traffic congestion, pollution, and other unwanted outcomes of the extensive automobile use in large metropolitan areas. This paper proposes a bilevel multi-agent programming in which each agent maximizes the respective benefits while being subjected to the results of the decisions by others. We formulate the problem and solve it by a novel meta-heuristic algorithm. After analyzing the set of solutions to a test problem, we apply the algorithm on this rather large, real case urban area, and discuss the results. The solution results indicate that the proposed methodology: (a) reduces the total travel time in transportation networks of the city, (b) turns the deteriorated urban developments into a new and attractive environment, (c) provides a profitable investment for the construction industries in the context of Build-Operate-Transfer scheme, and (d) upgrades urban life for the city in general, and alleviates earthquake hazards for the inhabitants of the deteriorated urban areas, in particular.","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45266564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Network vulnerability analysis based on the overall and inequity impacts of the distribution of the added travel time to the network users 基于网络脆弱性分析的增加出行时间分配对网络用户的整体和不公平影响

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.1.5363

Behnam Tahmasbi, Hossein Haghshenas, Salehe Birzhandi

{"title":"Network vulnerability analysis based on the overall and inequity impacts of the distribution of the added travel time to the network users","authors":"Behnam Tahmasbi, Hossein Haghshenas, Salehe Birzhandi","doi":"10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.1.5363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18757/EJTIR.2021.21.1.5363","url":null,"abstract":"Vulnerability has been a major concern in the performance evaluation of transportation networks. In the concept of vulnerability, the key step is to identify the critical link, which are the ones susceptible to severe operational degradation caused by any type of failure. Several studies have been devoted to this issue by introducing indicators that illustrate the network's operational degradation's overall impact. However, the impact of the interrupted network on users can be further evaluated using the inequity perspective. Here, we present a method to assess network vulnerability to operational degradation based on spatial inequity impacts. The importance of a link is determined by calculating the Gini-coefficient of the distribution of added travel time to the users when the link is disabled. Furthermore, the overall impact of link failure is calculated based on the total extra travel time. The final link's importance is determined by the non-dominated sorting method based on the Pareto optimality concept considering both overall and inequity objectives. Measures quantifying overall and inequity impacts of link failure allow planners to determine how this influences the disadvantaged distribution and help them make decisions associated with maintenance plans that consider link failure's equity impact.","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43065986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Estimating impacts of covid19 on transport capacity in railway networks 估计covid - 19对铁路网运输能力的影响

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research Pub Date : 2020-12-26 DOI: 10.18757/ejtir.2021.21.1.4939

Nikola Bevsinovi'c, C. Szymula

引用次数: 3

Impact of a New Metro Line in Amsterdam on Ridership, Travel Times, Reliability and Societal Costs and Benefits 阿姆斯特丹一条新地铁线对乘客、出行时间、可靠性和社会成本与效益的影响

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research Pub Date : 2020-12-08 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2020.20.4.4084

Ties Brands, Malvika Dixit, N. V. Oort

{"title":"Impact of a New Metro Line in Amsterdam on Ridership, Travel Times, Reliability and Societal Costs and Benefits","authors":"Ties Brands, Malvika Dixit, N. V. Oort","doi":"10.18757/EJTIR.2020.20.4.4084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18757/EJTIR.2020.20.4.4084","url":null,"abstract":"The north-south metro line in Amsterdam became operational in summer 2018, accompanied by changes to the existing bus, metro, and tram network in the city. In this paper we undertake an ex-post analysis of the transportation impacts of the network change. Using two sets of smart card transactions, of 5-6 weeks each, and corresponding Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) data, a before-after comparison is made, concerning ridership, travel times, number of transfers, and travel time reliability. The results show a 4% increase in network wide working day ridership and a strong shift from tram and bus to metro. On an average working day, more than 6,000 hours of travel time is saved. 21% of travellers have more than 1 minute shorter travel time and 13% of travellers have more than 1 minute travel time increase. Furthermore, slightly fewer transfers are made, and the aggregated effect on travel time reliability is marginally positive. For an average working day (7am to 7pm), the resulting daily societal benefits of the new public transport network are approximately €54,200. On a yearly basis the transport related societal benefits are approximately 22 million euros. Doing an ex-post analysis is not common in the literature and in practice, and therefore in a lot of cases the realized benefits of large infrastructural investments remain unknown. This study provides an example of scientific methodology development using multiple data sources, that enables such ex-post evaluations, leading to improvements in public transport assessment and planning.","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48047034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Techno-Economical and Ecological Potential of Electric Scooters: A Life Cycle Analysis 电动滑板车的技术经济和生态潜力:生命周期分析

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research Pub Date : 2020-11-10 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2020.20.4.4912

Markus Kazmaier, Tessa T. Taefi, T. Hettesheimer

引用次数: 11