Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology最新文献_第7页

Identification of Italian Renaissance noble women through a bioarchaeological study of skeletal remains. 通过骨骼遗骸的生物考古研究鉴定意大利文艺复兴时期的贵族妇女。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2020-04-30 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2020/1014

Simona Minozzi, Carmine Lubritto, Paola Ricci, Gino Fornaciari, Valentina Giuffra

{"title":"Identification of Italian Renaissance noble women through a bioarchaeological study of skeletal remains.","authors":"Simona Minozzi, Carmine Lubritto, Paola Ricci, Gino Fornaciari, Valentina Giuffra","doi":"10.1127/homo/2020/1014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2020/1014","url":null,"abstract":"Three female skeletons, dated back to the beginning of the 15th century were recovered during an archaeological excavation in the Guinigi Chapel in Lucca (Italy). Archaeological and historical sources indicated that the remains might be those of Paolo Guinigi's wives. At the beginning of the 15th century Paolo Guinigi ruled Lucca for nearly 30 years (1400-1429), providing a long period of wealth and peace to the city. In those years of power Paolo Guinigi married four women from different countries. This study is aimed at identifying the three skeletons of Paolo's wives found in the Guinigi Chapel. The three skeletons were identified using a multidisciplinary approach, by integrating historical, archaeological, anthropological, and isotopic data. The anthropological studies evidenced the biological profile of two adult women and of one adolescent female, in agreement with the historical descriptions of three of the four wives of Paolo Guinigi. The isotopic analysis supported the identification of each individual.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"71 2","pages":"129-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37712223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Quantifying the asymmetries of the human face. 量化人脸的不对称性。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2020-04-30 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2020/1022

Saskia Lächler, Bastian J Hirthammer, Friedrich W Rösing

引用次数: 0

Micro-CT analysis of the internal acoustic meatus angles as a method of sex estimation in skeletal remains. 骨骸内声道角的微ct分析作为性别估计方法。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2020-04-30 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2020/1133

Magdalena Kozerska, Anita Szczepanek, Jacek Tarasiuk, Sebastian Wroński

引用次数: 3

Analysis of maternal lineage structure of individuals from chamber graves placed in medieval cemetery in Kałdus, Central Poland. 波兰中部Kałdus中世纪墓地墓室中个体的母系结构分析。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2020-02-13 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2020/1008

Tomasz Płoszaj, Krystyna Jędrychowska-Dańska, Alicja Zamerska, Magda Lewandowska, Jacek Bojarski, Wojciech Chudziak, Alicja Drozd-Lipińska, Agnieszka Robaszkiewicz, Henryk W Witas

{"title":"Analysis of maternal lineage structure of individuals from chamber graves placed in medieval cemetery in Kałdus, Central Poland.","authors":"Tomasz Płoszaj, Krystyna Jędrychowska-Dańska, Alicja Zamerska, Magda Lewandowska, Jacek Bojarski, Wojciech Chudziak, Alicja Drozd-Lipińska, Agnieszka Robaszkiewicz, Henryk W Witas","doi":"10.1127/homo/2020/1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2020/1008","url":null,"abstract":"The beginning of the early Middle Ages period in Poland (10th-14th century) has been widely debated in the context of an active demographic inflow from other countries and its contribution to the creation of the new country. Finding chamber graves which are considered typical for the Scandinavian ethnic group in a few cemeteries in Poland has become the basis for the anthropological inference on the potential participation of North European people in forming the social elite of medieval Poland. However, the question of whether this fact was the result of presence of people from other countries lacks an unambiguous answer. We attempted to isolate ancient DNA from the medieval necropolis in Kałdus where several chamber graves have been found and analysed the genetic diversity of maternal lineage of this population. We analysed the HVR I fragment and coding regions to assess the mitochondrial DNA haplogroup. We have identified a few relatively rare haplogroups (A2, T2b4a, HV, K1a11, J2b1a, and X2) which were previously found in early medieval sites in Norway and Denmark. Obtained results might suggest genetic relation between the people of Kałdus and past northern Europe populations. Present and further research can undoubtedly shed new light on the aspect of the formation of the early medieval Polish population.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"71 1","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37545699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Improving anatomical stature estimation method. The relationship between living stature and intervertebral disc thickness. 改进解剖身高估计方法。生活身高与椎间盘厚度的关系。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2020-02-13 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2020/1034

Juho-Antti Junno, Petteri Oura, Markku Niskanen, Tiina Väre, Marita Ruotsalainen, Riikka Pietikäinen, Jaakko Niinimäki, Nora Nurminen, Jaro Karppinen, Juha Auvinen, Tuusa Eriksson, Juha Tuukkanen

{"title":"Improving anatomical stature estimation method. The relationship between living stature and intervertebral disc thickness.","authors":"Juho-Antti Junno, Petteri Oura, Markku Niskanen, Tiina Väre, Marita Ruotsalainen, Riikka Pietikäinen, Jaakko Niinimäki, Nora Nurminen, Jaro Karppinen, Juha Auvinen, Tuusa Eriksson, Juha Tuukkanen","doi":"10.1127/homo/2020/1034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2020/1034","url":null,"abstract":"Anatomical stature estimation methods reconstruct stature for skeletal specimens by adding up the heights of skeletal elements contributing to stature. In addition, these estimations factor in a certain amount of soft tissue known as \"soft tissue correction\". Our study focuses on the relationship between living stature and one of the major soft tissue contributors to stature: the intervertebral disc thickness/height. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether intervertebral disc thickness is greater in tall individuals and whether there is a linear correlation between stature and intervertebral disc height. To conduct this study, we utilized a subsample of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort of 1966 (n = 12,058) with known stature. We measured vertebral heights and intervertebral disc heights from low back MRI examination performed at the age of 46 years (n = 200). All subjects were considered healthy with no spinal injuries or pathologies. Our results clearly indicate that stature and intervertebral disc height have positive, statistically significant association. According to our results it is advisable to take into account the individual's skeletal height when soft tissue corrections for anatomical stature estimations are performed. Further studies utilizing full body MRI are needed to produce more accurate soft tissue corrections.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"71 1","pages":"37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37545698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography vs. Multi-Slice Computed Tomography in paleoimaging: where we stand. 锥形束计算机断层扫描与多层计算机断层扫描在古成像:我们的立场。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2020-02-13 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2020/1063

Rossana Izzetti, Raffaele Gaeta, Davide Caramella, Valentina Giuffra

{"title":"Cone-Beam Computed Tomography vs. Multi-Slice Computed Tomography in paleoimaging: where we stand.","authors":"Rossana Izzetti, Raffaele Gaeta, Davide Caramella, Valentina Giuffra","doi":"10.1127/homo/2020/1063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2020/1063","url":null,"abstract":"Paleopathology and anthropology are fields of research which have benefited from the use of diagnostic imaging since its introduction in the clinical setting. The deriving discipline, that is, paleoimaging, has effectively employed several diagnostic techniques. However, while Multi-Slice Computed Tomography (MSCT) has found its role in paleoimaging, Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), despite its several advantages with regard to MSCT, is still struggling to find a clear position in this field. The aim of our study is to evaluate the possible advantages CBCT could bring to paleoimaging. We describe the characteristics and role of CBCT in clinical applications, in forensic and legal medicine, and in paleopathology. We report the study of an ancient mandible by means of CBCT and MSCT, in order to compare the quality of the images in terms of spatial resolution. CBCT allows to obtain good quality images of mineralized tissues. Moreover, the possibility of imaging metallic manufacts makes the technique suitable for the study not only of bony remains, but also of museum and archaeological artifacts. Our study highlights the strengths of CBCT as a valid imaging technique for the study of ancient bone remains and manufacts. A revision of the current uses of CBCT is provided and gives insights into the possible role it can cover in bioarchaeological studies. Further evaluation is needed in terms of possible applications of this technique to paleopathology. We strongly encourage the use of CBCT in paleoimaging, and suggest a broader application of the technique to the study of archaeological samples.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"71 1","pages":"63-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37548194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Unexpectedly low levels of dental morphological asymmetry suggesting developmental resilience amongst living Jordanians: A cone beam computed tomography study. 出乎意料的低水平的牙齿形态不对称表明约旦人的发育弹性:锥束计算机断层扫描研究。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2020-02-13 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1029

Heba Alzer, A. Alhadidi, M. Al-Shayyab, A. Sabrah, F. Alsoleihat

{"title":"Unexpectedly low levels of dental morphological asymmetry suggesting developmental resilience amongst living Jordanians: A cone beam computed tomography study.","authors":"Heba Alzer, A. Alhadidi, M. Al-Shayyab, A. Sabrah, F. Alsoleihat","doi":"10.1127/homo/2019/1029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2019/1029","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to determine the degree of fluctuating asymmetry in the expression of 13 dental morphological traits among adult Jordanians. Cone beam computed tomography images for the dentitions of 150 adult Jordanians (67 males, 83 females; age range = 18-58, mean ages 28.2, SD = 10.0 years) were studied in 2017. The traits were classified using the Arizona State University dental anthropology system, and dichotomized according to the most widely accepted criteria to define trait presence. Asymmetry was assessed using three different methods: percentage of discordance including bilateral absence cases (PDIBAC), percentage of discordance excluding bilateral absence cases (PDEBAC), and inter-side correlation (ISC) using Kendall's tau coefficient. Fisher's exact test was used to assess sexual dimorphism in the degree of asymmetry. The mean PDIBAC and the mean ISC for all the traits considered are 4.1% and 0.837, respectively. For traits observed on key teeth (mesial members of teeth districts) the mean PDIBAC and the mean ISC are 3.0% and 0.860, respectively; and for those observed on variable teeth (distal members of teeth districts) the mean PDIBAC and the mean ISC are 6.5% and 0.783, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found in the degree of asymmetry between sexes. The overall low degree of asymmetry found in the present sample (4.1%) compared to the world range of 5-15% may indicate great ability of its individuals to buffer the adverse effects of environmental stresses affecting the living Jordanians during early tooth development.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78926064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geometric morphometric study of the early shape of the hip bone (os coxae): variations with age and sex. 髋骨早期形状的几何形态测量学研究:随年龄和性别的变化。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2020-02-13 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2020/1197

Clotilde Lambeaux, Frederic Savall, Fabrice Dedouit, Nicolas Sans, Etienne Cavaignac, Norbert Telmon, Marie Faruch Bilfeld

{"title":"Geometric morphometric study of the early shape of the hip bone (os coxae): variations with age and sex.","authors":"Clotilde Lambeaux, Frederic Savall, Fabrice Dedouit, Nicolas Sans, Etienne Cavaignac, Norbert Telmon, Marie Faruch Bilfeld","doi":"10.1127/homo/2020/1197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2020/1197","url":null,"abstract":"Data regarding sexual dimorphism in children are sparse with contradictory results. Recently, geometric morphometric analysis has shown that the pubis and ilium have both sexual shape dimorphism and shape differences that increase during ontogeny, but little is known about the entire pelvic (os coxae) bone shape in very young children. The goal of this study was to show pelvic bone age-related and sex-related shape changes using 3D geometric morphometric analysis in very young children. Geometric morphometric analysis was carried out on CT scans of the pelvic bone of 96 children aged from 3 to 24 months. Eleven landmarks were defined on the left pelvic bone. Geometric morphometric analyses were carried out to identify trends in bone shape in sex-based and age-based subgroups. Age-related differences in shape were statistically significant (Goodall's F = 3.68; p < 0.001) but there were no sex-related differences in shape (Goodall's F = 1.95; p = 0.065). Overall, the superior part of the pelvic bone becomes narrower with age. This study has shown that geometric morphometric analysis of the pelvic bone is feasible in very young children and revealed changes in shape with age but not differences with sex.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"71 1","pages":"73-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37548195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Palatoscopy and odontometrics' potential role in sex determination among an adult Egyptian population sample: A pilot study. 腭镜检查和牙齿测量在埃及成年人口样本中性别决定的潜在作用:一项试点研究。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2020-02-13 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2020/1086

Noha Maher Elrewieny, Manal Mohy Eldin Ismail, Hala Saied Zaghloul, Mohsen Hussein Abielhassan, Mona Mohamed Ali

{"title":"Palatoscopy and odontometrics' potential role in sex determination among an adult Egyptian population sample: A pilot study.","authors":"Noha Maher Elrewieny, Manal Mohy Eldin Ismail, Hala Saied Zaghloul, Mohsen Hussein Abielhassan, Mona Mohamed Ali","doi":"10.1127/homo/2020/1086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2020/1086","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sex determination is the first step in personal identification in the forensic field. This study aimed to evaluate sexual dimorphism by using palatal rugae pattern and odontometrics, construct an Egyptian equation for sex determination using the discriminant function analysis. Participants and methods: The study sample included 200 participants of both sexes. Maxillary arch impressions were taken with alginate impression material using stainless steel impression tray. Identification and measurements were done to study the palatal rugae pattern, dental arch dimensions, and maxillary canine. Results: There was a highly statistically significant difference between males and females with higher male values regarding the total palatal rugae number, wavy rugae number, primary rugae number, arch length, width, maxillary canine right width, maxillary canine left width, intercanine distance, and maxillary canine right index while there was a highly statistically significant difference with higher female value regarding the straight rugae numbers. Four Egyptian equations were constructed using discriminant function analysis to determine the sex of an unidentified person. Conclusions: Palatal rugae pattern, dental arch dimensions, and maxillary canine index can be considered as useful tools for sex determination in the forensic field.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"71 1","pages":"19-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37545695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Congenital syphilis or mercury treatment: dental alterations in a twelfth- or thirteenth-century child from Medinaceli, Soria, Spain. 先天性梅毒或汞治疗：西班牙索里亚 Medinaceli 一名十二或十三世纪儿童的牙齿改变。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2020-02-13 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2020/1173

Susana Gómez-González, Consuelo Roca de Togores Muñoz, Laura González-Garrido

{"title":"Congenital syphilis or mercury treatment: dental alterations in a twelfth- or thirteenth-century child from Medinaceli, Soria, Spain.","authors":"Susana Gómez-González, Consuelo Roca de Togores Muñoz, Laura González-Garrido","doi":"10.1127/homo/2020/1173","DOIUrl":"10.1127/homo/2020/1173","url":null,"abstract":"Syphilis, together with its variant congenital syphilis, is a disease caused by Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum. This paper documents possible new skeletal evidence for congenital syphilis from the Medieval Era (twelfth and thirteenth centuries CE) burial site of Medinaceli in the Province of Soria in North-Central Spain. What is involved is dental alteration due to congenital syphilis, mercury treatment, or a combination of both. This study focuses on the hypoplastic dental changes observed in a child approximately eight years of age. Only a fragmented skull with left maxilla and the left side of the mandible were preserved. Macroscopic analysis, X-rays, computerized tomography (CT) and mercury detection analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) techniques were used to observe dental abnormalities. In addition to extensive caries in the upper second deciduous molar, pulpo-alveolar lesions and facial alterations were observed. The absence of the rest of the skeleton tends to make a diagnosis of congenital syphilis difficult. However, the dental stigmata observed do permit a reasonable diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"71 1","pages":"51-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37545696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0