International Planning Studies最新文献

{"title":"Planning amid crisis and austerity: in, against and beyond the contemporary conjuncture","authors":"Simone Tulumello, Laura Saija, A. Inch","doi":"10.1080/13563475.2019.1704404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2019.1704404","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article introduces the special issue ‘Planning amid crisis and austerity: in, against and beyond the contemporary juncture’. It starts by acknowledging two limits of the existing body of literature on the planning/crisis/austerity nexus: on the one hand, the excessive reliance on cases at the ‘core’ of the financial crisis of 2007–2008, with impacts on the understanding of austerity as a response to economic crises; and, on the other, the limited attention given to the impacts of austerity on planning, and their implications for planning practice and research. Based on the contributions in the special issue, the article reflects on some lessons learned: first, the need for a more nuanced understanding of the multiple geographies and temporalities of crisis and austerity; second, the problematic standing of planning practice and research in the face of crisis and austerity; and, third, the potential and limitations of (local) responses and grassroots mobilizations in shaping alternatives.","PeriodicalId":46688,"journal":{"name":"International Planning Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13563475.2019.1704404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49403758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Negotiating (re)appropriation practices amid crisis and austerity","authors":"Luisa Rossini, I. Bianchi","doi":"10.1080/13563475.2019.1701424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2019.1701424","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In Berlin, Rome and Barcelona, three cities affected on different levels by the most recent wave of neoliberalisation and the global crisis, a rekindled interest in the strategies for the (re)appropriation of urban space has emerged among urban activists, as a way of resisting and challenging competitive oriented policies and austerity urbanism. The following three cases are hereby analysed in detail: the Flughafen (airport) Tempelhof in Berlin; the former Snia factory in Rome; the Can Batlló old industrial complex in Barcelona. The practices of resistance that have played out over these contended vacant public spaces have emphasized the limits of the current urban ideology in proposing alternative ways of doing things. Embodying the growing mistrust towards policy-makers and the intentions of institutional actors, these contentious urban practices have aimed to (re)politicise urban policies, planning and theoretical debates but face complex issues of institutionalisation that can co-opt and neutralize radical claims.","PeriodicalId":46688,"journal":{"name":"International Planning Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"100 - 121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13563475.2019.1701424","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49513307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between normative product-oriented and alternative process-oriented urban planning praxis: how can these jointly impact on the rapid development of metropolitan Maputo, Mozambique?","authors":"Vanessa Melo, Paul Jenkins","doi":"10.1080/13563475.2019.1703654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2019.1703654","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper explores recent urban planning praxis in the metropolitan area of Maputo, capital of Mozambique – occurring in a context of high socio-spatial imbalance and rapid expansion. This involves different agents besides government institutions, at different stages. Based on relevant critical literature, the authors identify both a normative praxis, usually regulatory and product-oriented, and an alternative one, usually process-oriented, in urban development. In Maputo, the former is predominantly that which is regarded as ‘official’ and is linked to land titling, whereas the latter is closer to what actually happens ‘on the ground’ and often involves ‘unofficial’ land allocation. In reality both forms of praxis interact in complex ways. The paper draws on recent research and aims to better understand how these forms of urban planning praxis can both be developed to better address existing socio-spatial imbalances in a context of rapid urbanization – and hence has wider relevance for Sub-Saharan Africa.","PeriodicalId":46688,"journal":{"name":"International Planning Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"81 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13563475.2019.1703654","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42881307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Mentally, we’re rather country people’ – planssplaining the quest for urbanity in Helsinki, Finland","authors":"J. Lilius","doi":"10.1080/13563475.2019.1701425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2019.1701425","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper explores the concept of urbanity in a specific context, namely Helsinki, Finland. In a European context, Finland urbanized late. This lies at the heart of the common interpretation that Finland lacks an urban culture and urban lifestyles. Today, however, with the new comprehensive Urban Plan, city planners in Helsinki emphasize a paradigm shift towards urbanity. This paper seeks to understand this changing emphasis in planning by exploring how planners frame and understand urbanity. The paper concludes that within the Nordic welfare context more emphasis is needed to rethink whom urbanity serves and how it resonates with the prevention of segregation that the city also aims at.","PeriodicalId":46688,"journal":{"name":"International Planning Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"70 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13563475.2019.1701425","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41364912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative assessment of local municipal food policy integration in the Netherlands","authors":"L. Sibbing, Jeroen J. L. Candel, K. Termeer","doi":"10.1080/13563475.2019.1674642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2019.1674642","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Local governments around the world increasingly engage in food governance, aiming to address food system challenges such as obesity, food waste, or food insecurity. However, the extent to which municipalities have actually integrated food across their policies remains unknown. This study addresses this question by conducting a medium-n systematic content analysis of local food policy outputs of 31 Dutch municipalities. Policy outputs were coded for the food goals and instruments adopted by local governments. Our analysis shows that most municipalities integrate food to a limited extent only, predominantly addressing health and local food production or consumption. Furthermore, municipalities seem hesitant to use coercive instruments and predominantly employ informative and organizational instruments. Nonetheless, a small number of municipalities have developed more holistic approaches to address food challenges. These cities may prove to be a leading group in the development of system-based approaches in Dutch local food policy.","PeriodicalId":46688,"journal":{"name":"International Planning Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"56 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13563475.2019.1674642","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47720158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regionalization processes and institutional transformations in the Italian metropolitan areas among crises and ambiguities","authors":"Nadia Caruso, Elena Pede, Silvia Saccomani","doi":"10.1080/13563475.2019.1674641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2019.1674641","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The paper focuses on the Italian territories affected by regionalization processes and subject to an institutional reform: the enforcement of Metropolitan Cities in 2014. Regionalization processes have occurred in many European countries in recent decades, also assisted by the European Cohesion Policy. In Italy, regionalized territories have place-specific characteristics and new emerging forms of bottom-up cooperation are taking place. The new government system is having to deal with a complex scenario due to the dissemination of these forms of cooperation linked to the regionalization taking place, alongside their potential coherence and/or contrast with the top-down design of the reform.","PeriodicalId":46688,"journal":{"name":"International Planning Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"42 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13563475.2019.1674641","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45779564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding context and its influence on collaborative planning processes: a contribution to communicative planning theory","authors":"C. Calderon, M. Westin","doi":"10.1080/13563475.2019.1674639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2019.1674639","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Communicative Planning Theory (CPT) has been heavily criticized for neglecting context and for not paying sufficient attention to how it influences collaborative planning. While some CPT scholars have attempted to address this critique, there are still limited insights into how context hinders or facilitates the realization of collaborative qualities in planning. The paper contributes to attempts to make CPT more attuned to context by focusing on how context influences specific collaborative processes. It develops an approach that sees collaborative processes as embedded in and shaped by the immediate interplay between institutions and agency. The approach is demonstrated in the analysis of two collaborative planning processes in Ahmedabad, India and Bloemfontein, South Africa. The paper argues for the need to look at the interplay between institutional and agential factors when analysing context. It also highlights the important role that agency plays in mediating the influence of context in specific planning processes.","PeriodicalId":46688,"journal":{"name":"International Planning Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"14 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13563475.2019.1674639","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42008927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing responses to climate change through improved interplay between planning theory and practice","authors":"T. Matthews, D. Baker","doi":"10.1080/13563475.2019.1674640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2019.1674640","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many planning agencies worldwide now see climate change response as unavoidable. This paper proposes that a central task for contemporary planning theory is to guide planning practice as it develops multi-dimensional responses. We examine three theoretical constructs: anticipatory governance, legitimacy and social-ecological resilience. We argue that each conceptualises challenges climate change presents to planning practice, while providing theoretically informed options for responses. Building on this, we utilize Friedmann’s [2008. “The Uses of Planning Theory: A Bibliographic Essay.” Journal of Planning Education and Research 28 (2): 247–257. doi:10.1177/0739456X08325220] tasks for planning theory as a framework to assess the utility of planning theories to guide climate change response through practice. Associated issues are discussed, including the influence of translatable planning theories and the value of importing knowledge from other disciplines. The paper concludes that more sophisticated interplay between planning theory and practice may improve planning responses to the climate change threat. The need for planning theory to translate its conceptual discoveries to the domain of practice is key.","PeriodicalId":46688,"journal":{"name":"International Planning Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"28 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13563475.2019.1674640","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41327198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visionary cities or spaces of uncertainty? Satellite cities and new towns in emerging economies","authors":"Yves Van Leynseele, M. Bontje","doi":"10.1080/13563475.2019.1665270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2019.1665270","url":null,"abstract":"Satellite cities and new towns have recently captured urban imaginations of planners, property developers and politicians in the Global South and East, and are also emerging as a research topic in urban studies, planning and development studies. With emblematic names like Techno City, Eco City and Hope City they embody a new property investment frontier and an optimistic belief in economic growth driven by a rising middle class. This special issue critically explores the various manifestations anddimensions of satellite city andnew towndevelopment in emerging economies. These cities characterize contemporary processes of urban development. Planned on greenfield sites some distance away from the existent city and the problems associated with rapid urbanization, they provide planners and developers with the opportunity to develop semi-autonomous cities based on visionary urban designs. As status projects they represent a nationalist ideal and new belief in city-planning, often reflecting formsof social engineering andahistorical belief in the ability toplan for entire societies and economies. They intend to connect people, regions and sectors to the global economy, relying on branding strategies in order to attract foreign investors and to compete with other such cities elsewhere. Satellite cities and new towns are developed in settings of rapid economic and political transformation in ways that expose the limits to urban design. Their reliance on global circuits of capital and capital injections by international financial institutions such as the World Bank, marks their vulnerability to global economic conjunctures, in turn compromising their provision of privatized infrastructure and centralized master planning. Ordinary city development and its informal aspects infringe on these cities, acting as constant reminders of their problematic scope and ambition. As social and economic enclaves, they constitute sites of spatial exclusion that privilege certain types of economic activities and middle class demands. The tension between satellite cities and new towns as planned rationalities and sites of speculative urbanism on the one hand and cities as living organisms and sites of creative reworking and social differentiation on the other, marks them as nascent spaces in which a multiplicity of development trajectories and organizational rationalities converge. In recognition of the gap between planning and lived realities of the built environment and testimony to the globalized nature of expert networks, planners and officials employ contemporary discourses of inclusiveness and sustainable urbanism. The translation of contemporary planning, policy and/or management concepts such as sustainable urban planning, risk management, renewable energy, and public participation mark these cities as unique research sites where planning","PeriodicalId":46688,"journal":{"name":"International Planning Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":"207 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13563475.2019.1665270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47079605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Satellite cities turned to ghost towns? On the contradictions of Morocco’s spatial policy","authors":"Max Rousseau, Tarik Harroud","doi":"10.1080/13563475.2019.1665500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2019.1665500","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A megaproject of new cities was launched in Morocco in 2004. According to public discourses, it was aimed at easing congestion in big cities and address the considerable deficit in social housing. A decade later, the recorded achievements appear much lower compared to the declared ambitions, to the point of provoking strong political and social oppositions. An analysis of the megaprojects’ implementation sheds light on the contradictions in the megaproject's objectives, seen through the example of the new city of Tamesna.","PeriodicalId":46688,"journal":{"name":"International Planning Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":"341 - 352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13563475.2019.1665500","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47698934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}