Adolescent Health Medicine and Therapeutics最新文献

{"title":"Social stigma and self-perception in adolescents with tourette syndrome","authors":"J. H. Cox, A. Nahar, C. Termine, M. Agosti, U. Balottin, S. Seri, A. Cavanna","doi":"10.2147/AHMT.S175765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/AHMT.S175765","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tourette syndrome (TS) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by multiple motor and vocal tics, which commonly presents with multiple behavioral problems, including co-morbid attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Both tics and co-morbid conditions have been shown to potentially affect patients’ health-related quality of life. While TS typically presents in childhood, its manifestations peak in severity during adolescence, a critical period in which affected individuals are exposed to potential stigma from peers. Physical and behavioral manifestations can also contribute to stigma, which subsequently leads to poorer health outcomes, discrimination, and a reduced willingness to seek help. The available evidence suggests that young patients with TS can experience reduced social acceptance from peers and difficulties establishing relationships. There is also evidence that some health care professionals share the unhelpful belief that young patients with TS should be disciplined in order to correct their disruptive behavior, based on the erroneous assumption that tics can be consciously controlled. Studies focussed on self-perception in patients with TS have yielded inconsistent results, with some studies showing problems in the domains of self-concept and self-esteem. Feelings of isolation, loneliness, and experiences of bullying have been reported more consistently. Interventions are required to reduce misconceptions about the condition and thus reduce stigma through targeted education and behavioral interventions. A multi-faceted approach that focuses on educating children, adults, and educators about TS would be beneficial to help alleviate stigma. This can be combined with self-advocacy and tailored psychological therapies for young patients with TS. The present paper reviews the current literature on stigma and self-perception in adolescents with TS in order to inform clinical decisions about management strategies and possible interventions to improve health-related quality of life.","PeriodicalId":46639,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Health Medicine and Therapeutics","volume":"10 1","pages":"75 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/AHMT.S175765","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47519395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Older siblings' influence on sexual behavior of high school adolescents in Mekelle, northern Ethiopia.","authors":"Mebrahtom Haftu,&nbsp;Haftu Berhe,&nbsp;Kinfe Tesfay,&nbsp;Martha Gebremeskel","doi":"10.2147/AHMT.S196080","DOIUrl":"10.2147/AHMT.S196080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Older siblings are one of the key sources of beliefs about sexual activity, including safe sexual practices, and can even exert pressure to engage in sexual activities. This effect persists beyond parental supervision and peer pressure. Despite this, although a considerable body of research has examined parental and peer influence, comparable data on older sibling influence on younger adolescent sexual behaviors are scant, and this area needs in-depth analysis. <b>Objective:</b> The objective of this study was to assess older siblings' influence on sexual behavior of high school adolescents in Mekelle, northern Ethiopia in 2017-2018. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study design was used, and a total of 285 adolescents who had ever had sex were sampled randomly from selected schools. Data were entered into Epi-info version 07 and exported to and analyzed with SPSS version 22. Means ± SD, frequency, percentage, and cross-tabulation were used to describe the result. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was fitted to compute older sibling influence. <b>Results:</b> Perceiving older sibling sexual behavior as risky increased adolescents' likelihood of engaging in risky sexual behavior. (AOR 4.52, 95% CI 2.59-7.89) whereas high intimacy with an older sibling (AOR 0.32, 95% CI 0.17-0.59) decreased the odds of risky sexual behavior (AOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.30-0.92). <b>Conclusion:</b> Older siblings had an influence on the sexual behavior of youngr adolescents. Perceiving older sibling sexual behavior as healthy and high sibling intimacy may serve as protective factors; however, risky sexual behavior of an older sibling can increase high school adolescents' likelihood for same. As such, families should realize that elders can affect their younger siblings' behavior, included the former in family strategies, and give them responsibility to protect their younger siblings.</p>","PeriodicalId":46639,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Health Medicine and Therapeutics","volume":"10 ","pages":"67-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/AHMT.S196080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37344019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the prevalence of diabetes mellitus subtypes in childhood cancer survivors: a systematic review protocol.","authors":"Sondra Song Jie Chen,&nbsp;Ajantha Nadarajah,&nbsp;Laura Banfield,&nbsp;Adam Fleming,&nbsp;Lehana Thabane,&nbsp;Carol Portwine,&nbsp;M Constantine Samaan","doi":"10.2147/AHMT.S199449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/AHMT.S199449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> The number of children who survive cancer is reaching new record levels, thanks to improved management strategies. However, this population is predisposed to chronic health conditions including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, yet the full scale of these diagnoses in this population is unclear. This protocol describes the conduct of a systematic review to report on the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) subtypes in childhood cancer survivors. <b>Methods:</b> Searches will be conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We will also search gray literature in Theses A&I, ProQuest Dissertations, and Web of Science as well as clinicaltrials.gov. Screening search results and data abstraction will be done independently by two reviewers. We will conduct a meta-analysis if two studies have similar designs, populations, methods, and outcome measures reported. <b>Results:</b> The findings of this systematic review will provide insights into the scale of diabetes in childhood cancer survivors to allow the prioritization of subpopulations that need specific interventions to screen, prevent, and treat DM. This will likely lead to improved outcomes in childhood cancer survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":46639,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Health Medicine and Therapeutics","volume":"10 ","pages":"59-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/AHMT.S199449","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36989225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of adolescents reproductive health service utilization in Ethiopia: a systematic review of quantitative evidence.","authors":"Gelila Abraham, Kiddus Yitbarek, Sudhakar Narayan Morankar","doi":"10.2147/AHMT.S193219","DOIUrl":"10.2147/AHMT.S193219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> Adolescents in Ethiopia face many health problems which emanate from low knowledge and awareness of their reproductive health (RH), though there are additional factors contributing to the problem. Provision of adequate, friendly, and quality RH services to this group of young people is vital to have healthy and productive generation. This systematic review aimed to assemble the top obtainable evidence for the determinants of adolescent RH services utilization in Ethiopia. <b>Methods:</b> Systematic review of literature searches in major databases, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Popline was conducted. English language articles published from 2010 onwards were sought. Socio-demographic and behavioral related outcomes were our interest. Fixed effect model with mantel Haenszel method was used to conduct meta-analysis using Revman5 software. Records were assessed for eligibility by two independent reviewers, with a third reviewer resolving disagreements. <b>Result:</b> Four community-based cross-sectional studies were included in the review. Results of the meta-analysis showed that adolescents whose educational level was primary were 57% less likely to use RH services than adolescents whose educational level was secondary and above. In-school adolescents were 2.39 more likely to utilize Family Planning services than adolescents who were out-of-school. Moreover, adolescents who ever discussed on RH issues with relatives/family/health workers were 3.63 more likely to utilize the services than adolescents who did not discuss with anyone else. <b>Conclusion:</b> We found adolescents' educational level; schooling status and ever discussion on RH issues were associated with RH service utilization in Ethiopia. Health information/education should be given in a regular manner to adolescents in schools and out of school on the availability and need for RH services. Developing the culture of discussion on RH issues within the community may help adolescents to be aware and utilize the available services.</p>","PeriodicalId":46639,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Health Medicine and Therapeutics","volume":"10 ","pages":"49-58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/79/b7/ahmt-10-49.PMC6489626.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37263074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile phone, social media usage, and perceptions of delivering a social media safer sex intervention for adolescents: results from two countries.","authors":"Judith B Cornelius,&nbsp;Charlene Whitaker-Brown,&nbsp;Tamara Neely,&nbsp;Anna Kennedy,&nbsp;Florence Okoro","doi":"10.2147/AHMT.S185041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/AHMT.S185041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> Rates of sexually transmitted infections among adolescents remain high in the United States and Botswana. Mobile phone density rates in Botswana exceed those of the United States. Yet, in both countries, safer sex information continues to be delivered primarily via face-to-face curricula such as <i>Becoming a Responsible Teen</i> and <i>Living as a Safe Teen</i>. While social media shows promise as a medium for delivering risk-reduction information to youth, few studies have been conducted in either country to assess its effectiveness. This study examines adolescents in both countries, their mobile phone and social media usage, and their perceptions of safer sex interventions delivered via social media. <b>Design and methods:</b> Three focus groups were conducted with 28 adolescents 13-18 years of age who lived in the United States (n=14) and Botswana (n=14). Data analysis was ongoing, which informed the data collection process. After the first group, no additional revisions were made to the focus group protocol. An abridged method of analyzing the data was employed. <b>Results:</b> Adolescents in all groups discussed peer pressure and connectedness with mobile phones and social media and had general knowledge of STIs and HIV. The adolescents agreed that adaptation of risk reduction interventions for mobile phone and social media delivery was warranted, and they shared ideas for adaptation. <b>Practice implications:</b> Our findings provide a starting point for researchers interested in developing a social media intervention with global implications for sexual health promotion.</p>","PeriodicalId":46639,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Health Medicine and Therapeutics","volume":"10 ","pages":"29-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/AHMT.S185041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36989224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes and perceived barriers toward healthy lifestyle behaviors in Jordanian adolescents: a developing country perspective.","authors":"Nihaya A Al-Sheyab, Mahmoud A Alomari, Audai A Hayajneh, Smita Shah","doi":"10.2147/AHMT.S181001","DOIUrl":"10.2147/AHMT.S181001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>There is an urgent need to address the role of healthy diet and behaviors promoting health among school adolescents in order to tailor appropriate interventions in Jordanian schools. This study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Arabic version of Students As LifeStyle Activists (SALSA) survey alongside Jordanian adolescents' attitudes and perceived barriers to healthy eating and physical activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study uses baseline data from a randomized controlled trial recruiting school students from 29 male and 27 female public high schools that have grades 7 and 8. Cronbach's alpha and principal components analysis/factor analysis were used to check reliability and validity. Numbers, percentages, and chi square were used to explore healthy diet and physical activities preferences among Jordanian school students and determine gender differences for all evaluated items.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Arabic version-SALSA survey has acceptable Cronbach's alpha values (>0.78) for most of its scales. Five scales were derived from the Arabic version-SALSA survey using principal components analysis/factor analysis (factors loading above 0.3). A higher proportion of female students agreed that \"healthy food makes you more comfortable\" compared to male students (44% vs 36%, <i>P</i><0.05). Few Jordanian high school students held positive attitudes toward healthy food. This study identified both social and personal barriers to exercise among Jordanian adolescents, including lack of skills for physical activity, easy access and low cost of fast food, scarce opportunities for physical activity, and lack of peers and friends.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Interventions should be tailored to health attitudes and beliefs of Jordanian school students in parallel with improving physical resources and enhancing peer and/or friend support.</p>","PeriodicalId":46639,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Health Medicine and Therapeutics","volume":"10 ","pages":"39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c5/b2/ahmt-10-039.PMC6445189.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37157689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dance on lower-limb range of motion in young people with cerebral palsy: a blinded randomized controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Lavinia Teixeira-Machado,&nbsp;Josimari M DeSantana","doi":"10.2147/AHMT.S177867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/AHMT.S177867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>One of the most limiting conditions in cerebral palsy (CP) is the impairment in musculoskeletal mobility. CP may impair the ability to perform efficient movements. The aim of this trial was to investigate the effect of dance on the range of motion (ROM) of lower limbs in young people with CP.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>the randomized clinical trial consisted of two groups: dance group (DG) and control group (CG). Both of them underwent a 1-hour treatment, twice a week, for 2 months. Sanny^® pendulum fleximeter was used to measure ROM in pre- and posttreatment. The applied procedures in both groups were conducted at suitable locations. Twenty-six participants were allocated to these two groups of study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In DG, the sampling variances showed improvements in all lower limb joints and axes of movements (<i>P</i><0.05). In CG, there was increase in passive ROM in some lower limb joints (<i>P</i>≤0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Physical intervention is imperative to improve ROM. It seems dance practice can contribute to CP corporal mobility in a positive way.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Nº CAAE-06154012.4.0000.0058-12, number 98.993.</p>","PeriodicalId":46639,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Health Medicine and Therapeutics","volume":"10 ","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/AHMT.S177867","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37154198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The creation of a national coalition to target adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a meeting report.","authors":"Milena Cioana,&nbsp;Devin Peterson,&nbsp;Paul Missiuna,&nbsp;Ron El-Hawary,&nbsp;Timothy Carey,&nbsp;Murray A Potter,&nbsp;Laura Banfield,&nbsp;Lehana Thabane,&nbsp;M Constantine Samaan","doi":"10.2147/AHMT.S199489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/AHMT.S199489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this report, we document the discussions and recommendations of a national conference designed to create a coalition to tackle adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) held on June 6 and 7, 2017 in Hamilton, ON, Canada. The goal of the establishment of this coalition is to join the efforts of patients, parents, physicians, researchers and other stakeholders to identify stakeholders' perspectives and to categorize gaps in knowledge and target further AIS research and clinical care priorities. The participants' main priorities included focus on shared decision making regarding clinical and research priorities between the stakeholders on the clinical, research and policy sides with patients and families. In addition, improvements in the dissemination of information via digital platforms and identification of cost-effective screening strategies that may help early identification and intervention were also recognized as a priority. Commitment was reached to form a national coalition to understand the determinants of this condition and enhance patient outcomes through improved clinical care and research efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":46639,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Health Medicine and Therapeutics","volume":"10 ","pages":"15-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/AHMT.S199489","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37047688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assent and consent in pediatric and adolescent research: school children's perspectives.","authors":"Nihaya A Al-Sheyab,&nbsp;Mahmoud A Alomari,&nbsp;Omar F Khabour,&nbsp;Khulood K Shattnawi,&nbsp;Karem H Alzoubi","doi":"10.2147/AHMT.S185553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/AHMT.S185553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>School students' views and perceptions of informed parental consent and child assent about child participation in research in the Middle East are not known.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Focus group interviews were conducted to understand high school students' perspectives toward child and adolescent assents and consents in research including the importance of, and depth of information needed in consent and assent, and perception toward written vs verbal consent and assent.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of students agreed that it is necessary to take parental approval and that they would not participate in research if their parents refused. Furthermore, the majority of male students agreed that if the research requires only questionnaires to be completed, then child's approval is sufficient whereas measures, such as blood sugar screening required approval from both the parent and child. Females believed it is enough to provide parental consent to participate in research unless information provided is adequate, then child approval is enough. All students stressed the importance of including detailed information; however, parental consent needs to have more detailed information than child assent.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Parts of the students' perceptions were congruent, whereas other views were not congruent with proper conduct of pediatric research. Such a situation warrants further research and actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46639,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Health Medicine and Therapeutics","volume":"10 ","pages":"7-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/AHMT.S185553","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36998561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use and misuse of cosmetic contact lenses among US adolescents in Southeast Texas.","authors":"Abbey B Berenson,&nbsp;Mihyun Chang,&nbsp;Jacqueline M Hirth,&nbsp;Kevin H Merkley","doi":"10.2147/AHMT.S196573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/AHMT.S196573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cosmetic contact lenses (CCL) are popular among adolescents, but incorrect use can harm the eye.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study assessed CCL hygiene behaviors among adolescents attending a Texas pediatric clinic. Anonymous surveys about CCL hygiene practices were administered to adolescents 13-18 years old.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that 14% (53/392) of respondents had worn CCL, of which 83% were females. Over 70% reported first use at <15 years old. Knowledge about CCL was low and two-thirds of users had not been instructed on proper care. More than half stored them in water and did not rinse them with contact solution after removal. Over one-third wore CCL >8 hours/day. Moreover, 15% of CCL users reported borrowing someone else's CCL. Complications resulting from wearing CCL were common.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights poor CCL hygiene among adolescents. These data demonstrate the need to develop interventions to educate adolescents on proper care and risks associated with CCLs.</p>","PeriodicalId":46639,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Health Medicine and Therapeutics","volume":"10 ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/AHMT.S196573","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36994555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}