Salud Mental最新文献_第6页

Prodromes and biological markers in schizophrenia: Importance for the dopamine, glutamate, and neurodevelopmental hypothesis 精神分裂症的前驱症状和生物学标记:多巴胺、谷氨酸和神经发育假说的重要性

IF 1.3 4区医学

Salud Mental Pub Date : 2022-10-04 DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.033

J. Díaz-Sánchez, Héctor Solís-Chagoyán, G. Benítez-King

{"title":"Prodromes and biological markers in schizophrenia: Importance for the dopamine, glutamate, and neurodevelopmental hypothesis","authors":"J. Díaz-Sánchez, Héctor Solís-Chagoyán, G. Benítez-King","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.033","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Since schizophrenia is a multifactorial mental illness, a basic understanding of its etiological components improves its understanding, diagnosis, and the selection of therapeutic targets. Objective. To identify the prodromes and biological markers in schizophrenic or ultra-high risk (UHR) patients and elucidate their specificity. Method. Narrative review of relevant sources in English and Spanish in the Medline-PubMed database on minor physical abnormalities, cognitive abnormalities, neuroanatomical, and synaptic and cell changes present in schizophrenic patients and/or subjects with a high risk of developing schizophrenia Results. Patients with SZ and, to a lesser extent, UHR subjects present phenotypic and behavioral manifestations that correlate with underlying cell processes. The study of the latter makes it possible to characterize diagnostic biomarkers. At present, its clinical application is limited by factors such as poorly understood pathophysiology, lack of study models, homology with other psychiatric disorders, and the dearth of clinical trials conducted. Discussion and conclusion. Schizophrenia is the final manifestation of damage to prenatal and post-natal neurodevelopment and is reflected during the prodromal stage in early biological markers with clinical relevance. It is necessary to establish new study models that will increase knowledge to offer specific biomarkers for use in early clinical diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"185 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77453415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attachment styles predict personality traits according to a pilot study of patients with anxiety and mood disorders 根据一项针对焦虑和情绪障碍患者的初步研究，依恋类型可以预测人格特征

IF 1.3 4区医学

Salud Mental Pub Date : 2022-10-04 DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.031

Victor Israel Cervera-Solís, Manuel Alejandro Muñoz Suárez, J. Cortés Sotres, José Octavio Hernández Lagunas, A. Díaz-Anzaldúa

{"title":"Attachment styles predict personality traits according to a pilot study of patients with anxiety and mood disorders","authors":"Victor Israel Cervera-Solís, Manuel Alejandro Muñoz Suárez, J. Cortés Sotres, José Octavio Hernández Lagunas, A. Díaz-Anzaldúa","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.031","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The mother and child attachment could have an important and long-lasting impact. An insecure attachment could lead to emotional development difficulties. It has been suggested that maternal care in infants is associated with personality. However, more studies in adults are needed. Objective. To determine if attachment styles in subjects with affective or anxiety disorders are associated with the expression of personality traits, and if this effect can be modulated by the presence of the short allele of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism. Method. Our sample included 87 patients with mood or anxiety disorders. The NEO-PI-R questionnaire and the Adult Attachment questionnaire by Melero were used. Results. Insecure attachment styles were associated with a higher expression of neuroticism, and a lower expression of extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness, especially in individuals with the most insecure attachment. An interaction was identified between the attachment style and the 5-HTTLPR genotype on the expression of agreeableness. Higher neuroticism, and lower extraversion and conscientiousness tended to be present in carriers of the S allele. Discussion and conclusion. There was a significant association between the attachment styles and the expression of neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness-responsibility according to the Big Five Model. The short allele may be associated with the modulation of certain aspects of personality. Prevention strategies should be established to promote adequate attachments between infants and caregivers to avoid a possible risk factor for future maladaptive personality traits.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77171403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine learning approaches to identify profiles and predictors of psychosocial discomfort among Italian college students 机器学习方法识别概况和预测心理社会不适的意大利大学生

IF 1.3 4区医学

Salud Mental Pub Date : 2022-10-04 DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.028

C. Buizza, J. Dagani, C. Ferrari, Herald Cela, A. Ghilardi

{"title":"Machine learning approaches to identify profiles and predictors of psychosocial discomfort among Italian college students","authors":"C. Buizza, J. Dagani, C. Ferrari, Herald Cela, A. Ghilardi","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.028","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. College students live a crucial period of transition from late adolescence to adulthood when they have to deal with important stressful tasks. Thus, university often represents a stressful environment, pushing students to cope with a high academic pressure. As a result, this period constitutes a sensitive age for the onset of mental disorders. Typically, students are not aware of the early signs of their own compromised mental health until symptoms aggravate to an overt disorder. Therefore, it is important to timely detect subthreshold symptoms mostly related to generic mental distress. Objective. First, to assess psychophysical well-being and mental distress among college students in northern Italy, and to detect predictors, among socio-demographic and academic characteristics, and risky drug use of these two outcomes. Method. The study involved 13,886 students who received an email explaining the purpose of the e-research. The questionnaires used were the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the University Stress Scale (USS), and a modified version of World Health Organization-ASSIST v3.0. Results. 3,754 students completed the web-survey. Students showed poor well-being and mental distress. The strongest predictor of mental distress and compromised well-being was physical health, followed by sex, study field, risky drug use, and academic performance concerns. Discussion and conclusion. This study shows that it is very important to promote in college students healthy behaviors in order to increase their physical exercise and reduce substance use. Moreover, it would be desirable to improve academic counselling facilities as an important front-line service to intercept mental health issues among young adults.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78624681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intersection of public health, nutrition, and mental health: Challenges to progress 公共卫生、营养和心理健康的交叉:进步的挑战

IF 1.3 4区医学

Salud Mental Pub Date : 2022-10-04 DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.027

S. Barquera

引用次数: 0

Assessment of corona-phobia in university students with the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S): A cross-sectional analysis 用COVID-19恐惧量表(C19P-S)评估大学生的冠状病毒恐惧:一项横断面分析

IF 1.3 4区医学

Salud Mental Pub Date : 2022-10-04 DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.032

M. Salman, Z. Mustafa, Abdul Wahab Javaid, N. Shehzadi, Tauqeer Hussain Mallhi, Yusra Habib Khan, F. Masood, K. Hussain

{"title":"Assessment of corona-phobia in university students with the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S): A cross-sectional analysis","authors":"M. Salman, Z. Mustafa, Abdul Wahab Javaid, N. Shehzadi, Tauqeer Hussain Mallhi, Yusra Habib Khan, F. Masood, K. Hussain","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.032","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Disease phobia may impose distressing manifestations along with compromised quality of life, particularly in young age. COVID-19 caused substantial psychological concerns in general population which required the attention of health authorities to address the issue as soon as possible. Objective. This study was aimed to determine COVID-19 phobia in Pakistani youth during the current pandemic. Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted to ascertain the extent of fear of COVID-19 among university students in Lahore, Pakistan using the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S). Psychological, somatic, social, and economic factors were ascertained among students. The relationship of demographics with the phobia score was determined through appropriate statistical tests. Result. This study included 374 students with a male preponderance (64.7%). The mean C19P-S score was 59.08 ± 14.44 (IQR: 50 - 70), with no significant difference among demographics except gender (male 57.65 ± 14.77 vs female 61.70 ± 13.47; p = .009). The mean psychological, psycho-somatic, economic, and social subscale scores were 19.59 ± 5.00 (25th percentile = 16 and 75th percentile = 24), 12.29 ± 4.56 (25th percentile = 10 and 75th percentile = 15), 11.22 ± 3.67 (25th percentile = 8 and 75th percentile = 14) and 15.97 ± 4.04 (25th percentile = 13.75 and 75th percentile = 19), respectively. Male students had a significantly lower score on social and psychological subscales than females (p #abr# .05). Discussion and conclusion. One fourth of the students achieved a fear score #cer# 70 on C19P-S. These results indicate the need of dire maneuvers for reducing corona-phobia among university students.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"230 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77005696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Repercussions of the COVID-19 lockdown for autistic people in Mexico: The caregivers’ perspective COVID-19封锁对墨西哥自闭症患者的影响:护理人员的角度

IF 1.3 4区医学

Salud Mental Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.022

Georgina Perez Liz, Andy Torres, A. Ramírez, Cecilia Montiel Nava

引用次数: 1

Implications of the COVID-19 lockdown for the emotional well-being of the adult population in Mexico COVID-19封锁对墨西哥成年人情绪健康的影响

IF 1.3 4区医学

Salud Mental Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.024

Consuelo Cervantes-Muñoz, J. Mora-Ríos, Teresa Saltijeral-Méndez, L. Ramos-Lira

{"title":"Implications of the COVID-19 lockdown for the emotional well-being of the adult population in Mexico","authors":"Consuelo Cervantes-Muñoz, J. Mora-Ríos, Teresa Saltijeral-Méndez, L. Ramos-Lira","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.024","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. After several months of COVID-19 lockdown, addressing the implications related to the emotional distress and well-being of the population during confinement has become increasingly evident. Objective. To explore, through a lexicometric and content-based approach, the responses related to discomfort and emotional well-being during the first confinement due to the COVID-19 lockdown. Method. Subjects included 2,555 adults in Mexico, mainly women (78.3%), with an average age of 46. Data were drawn from an online survey published on social networks from June 3 to July 5, 2020. The open answers of the subjects about discomfort and emotional well-being during lockdown, together with suggestions to improve the handling of the pandemic, were analyzed using word frequency analysis (clouds) and thematic content analysis. Result. Findings highlighted the implications of lockdown, including loss of social interaction, teleworking and overexposure to the news, associated with discomfort. In turn, activities related to self-care, doing household repairs, and sharing activities with the family were linked to well-being. Discussion and conclusion. Findings show that time was a key factor to transition from well-being to boredom, where space and material resources played a preponderant role during confinement.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80847234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Doctoring and mothering during the SARS-COV2 pandemic: Characteristics of physicians-mothers during COVID-19 and their impact on mental health SARS-COV2大流行期间的医生和母亲:COVID-19期间医生母亲的特征及其对心理健康的影响

IF 1.3 4区医学

Salud Mental Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.025

I. Vargas-Huicochea, S. Berenzon, S. A. Tafoya, Diana Guízar-Sánchez, N. Kelsall, A. Rodríguez-Machain, Atenea Lanz-Uribe

{"title":"Doctoring and mothering during the SARS-COV2 pandemic: Characteristics of physicians-mothers during COVID-19 and their impact on mental health","authors":"I. Vargas-Huicochea, S. Berenzon, S. A. Tafoya, Diana Guízar-Sánchez, N. Kelsall, A. Rodríguez-Machain, Atenea Lanz-Uribe","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.025","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. During COVID-19, health workers faced increased stress accentuated by gender roles, such as motherhood. Objective. This study analyzed the characteristics of a group of physicians-mothers, its impact on mental health, and their experiences during this pandemic. Method. Mixed methods study using an online survey to investigate sociodemographic, family, emotional, and professional aspects, in addition to the personal experience of 537 doctors-mothers during the first stage of COVID-19. Results. Due to the pandemic, most of the participants changed their daily activities. The hours dedicated to professional work (HM = 5.08, p #abr# .0001), childcare (HM = 3.74, p #abr# .0001), and food planning and preparation (HM = -6.96, p #abr# .0001) were increased, while the hours dedicated to physical exercise (MH = 8.67, p #abr# .0001) and personal care (MH = 9.54, p #abr# .0001) decreased. It has been pointed out that this pandemic has generated a lack of well-defined spaces, resulting in multitasking. Fear and guilt were two common words in the speeches of the participants. Fear of getting sick and dying, or fear of infecting their families. Guilt at feeling that they did not play a good role either as doctors or as mothers. Most common psychological symptoms were insomnia, sadness or discouragement, and constant worry or tension. Discussion and conclusion. The pandemic evidenced and exacerbated both the disparities faced by these female doctors in the medical field, as well as the inequity in housework and home-care. The loss of boundaries between the public and the private showed the mothers-doctor struggling to reconcile their personal and professional life with substantial repercussions for their mental health.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85238703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The SARS-COV2 pandemic: Changing the way we live SARS-COV2大流行:改变我们的生活方式

IF 1.3 4区医学

Salud Mental Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.020

F. M. Moreno Sánchez

引用次数: 0

Health psychology on long COVID: Strategies based on NICE and WHO guidelines recommendations 长期COVID的健康心理学:基于NICE和世卫组织指南建议的策略

IF 1.3 4区医学

Salud Mental Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.026

J. F. Mora-Romo

{"title":"Health psychology on long COVID: Strategies based on NICE and WHO guidelines recommendations","authors":"J. F. Mora-Romo","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.026","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The chronic aspect that begins to characterize long COVID appeals to the need for interventions proposed by institutions such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) to manage the disease, emphasizing behavioral change and self-care. Objective. To perform a narrative review of the psychological literature that offers intervention strategies in alignment with the recommendations of the long COVID management guidelines proposed by WHO and NICE. Method. MEDLINE, EBSCO, Google Scholar, SciELO, PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane, and CONRICYT databases were consulted, using Boolean operators and keywords for an exhaustive search. Results. The contributions of the studies were categorized into five intervention strategies based on WHO and NICE recommendation guidelines: Psychoeducation, Self-care, Support networks, Relaxation, and Goal setting. These are given a brief introduction and their relevance to the management of long COVID symptomatology is described. Discussion and conclusion. The persistent condition of COVID-19 symptoms makes it necessary to recognize that lifestyle changes must be made, primarily focused on health care and prevention of worsening disease sequelae. These lifestyle changes can be achieved through behavior modification, focusing on protective factors such as education, self-care, support networks, relaxation techniques and, setting appropriate goals.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81182576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0