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Experience of Discrimination and Democratic Engagement 歧视与民主参与的经验
IF 0.8
Ethnopolitics Pub Date : 2021-10-12 DOI: 10.1080/17449057.2021.1984031
Mauricio Morales Quiroga
{"title":"Experience of Discrimination and Democratic Engagement","authors":"Mauricio Morales Quiroga","doi":"10.1080/17449057.2021.1984031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2021.1984031","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT What effect does discrimination have on democratic engagement? Based on a survey of 3,099 people in Chile, 1,493 of whom identified themselves as ‘Mapuche’—the main ethnic group in the country—the author distinguishes between everyday discrimination (ED), and experiences of discrimination in formal or institutional contexts (FD). The author concludes, first, that ED—more so than FD—has a negative impact on both Mapuche’ and non-Mapuche’ trust in institutions, but that this effect is more pronounced in Mapuche, especially in the case of law enforcement institutions. Second, that increases in ED are associated with higher levels of political identification—especially in the Mapuche group—but that increases in FD have the reverse effect. Third, that increases in ED—more so than increases in FD—are associated with a greater justification of the use of force as a mechanism for resolving conflicts, especially in the Mapuche group. These findings concur only partially with theories on discrimination and political behaviour applied to European countries and the United States.","PeriodicalId":46452,"journal":{"name":"Ethnopolitics","volume":"21 1","pages":"581 - 605"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60414765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Mapping Non-Territorial Autonomy Arrangements 绘制非领土自治安排
IF 0.8
Ethnopolitics Pub Date : 2021-09-28 DOI: 10.1080/17449057.2021.1975891
A. Osipov
{"title":"Mapping Non-Territorial Autonomy Arrangements","authors":"A. Osipov","doi":"10.1080/17449057.2021.1975891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2021.1975891","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article examines the correspondence between the notion of non-territorial autonomy for ethnic groups (NTA) and its empirical referents and seeks to evaluate the expediency of employing the concept as a descriptive term. The concept applies primarily for normative purposes and as such has lost clarity. The author discusses the ways of overcoming conceptual inflation. Working definitions not duplicating other concepts are possible, but they relate to a marginal and heterogeneous phenomenon and turn out to be optional. The author suggests that NTA shall be regarded as a practical rather than analytical category and studied as discursive and performative exercises.","PeriodicalId":46452,"journal":{"name":"Ethnopolitics","volume":"21 1","pages":"561 - 580"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49114287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Accommodating Liberal Consociations: The District Brčko Case and the Role of Informal Institutions in the Consociational Model 容纳自由主义联盟:地区br<e:1>案例和非正式机构在联盟模式中的作用
IF 0.8
Ethnopolitics Pub Date : 2021-09-24 DOI: 10.1080/17449057.2021.1973729
A. Zdeb
{"title":"Accommodating Liberal Consociations: The District Brčko Case and the Role of Informal Institutions in the Consociational Model","authors":"A. Zdeb","doi":"10.1080/17449057.2021.1973729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2021.1973729","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Assuming the primacy of established patterns of bargaining over the formal ones, in transitional, unstable settings—well-known to the power-sharing systems—informal institutions can emerge as the preponderant rules of interaction. Yet, there is significant negligence in the power-sharing literature that should have been devoted to the informalities embedded in the political systems of divided societies. Filling in this gap, the paper analyses the creation, role and meaning of informal institutions in the consociational model. Using the case study of the Brčko District in Bosnia and Herzegovina and framework offered by Helmke and Levitsky (‘Informal institutions and comparative politics: A research agenda’, Perspectives on Politics, 4, 724–740, 2004), it claims that the presence of informal-corporate institutions is crucial for the functioning of its consociational system and necessary to accommodate the existing formal-liberal ones. The detailed case study analysis brings conclusions that could extend the current understanding of the power-sharing model and tackle the debate about liberal consociationalism being the preferred version of power sharing.","PeriodicalId":46452,"journal":{"name":"Ethnopolitics","volume":"21 1","pages":"517 - 537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49166600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The 2006 Sovereignty Referendum in Transnistria: A Device for Electoral Advantage 2006年德涅斯特河沿岸的主权公投:选举优势的手段
IF 0.8
Ethnopolitics Pub Date : 2021-07-19 DOI: 10.1080/17449057.2021.1953317
Marcin Kosienkowski
{"title":"The 2006 Sovereignty Referendum in Transnistria: A Device for Electoral Advantage","authors":"Marcin Kosienkowski","doi":"10.1080/17449057.2021.1953317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2021.1953317","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract On 17 September 2006, the leadership of Transnistria unilaterally held a sovereignty referendum, despite knowing it would not be implemented. It means it was driven by other motives than the reallocation of sovereignty. Drawing on a new suite of sources, including interviews with Transnistrian elites and Russian journalism, this paper argues that the primary motivation behind the poll was the desire of Transnistria’s President Igor Smirnov to domestically empower himself to gain the electoral advantage in the imminent presidential elections. The study also provides a framework of the motivations for calling of unilateral sovereignty referendums in de facto states.","PeriodicalId":46452,"journal":{"name":"Ethnopolitics","volume":"21 1","pages":"496 - 516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17449057.2021.1953317","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44882473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Secession, Territorial Integrity and (Non)-Sovereignty: Why do Some Separatist Movements in the Caribbean Succeed and Others Fail? 分离、领土完整和(非)主权:为什么加勒比地区的分离主义运动有些成功，有些失败?
IF 0.8
Ethnopolitics Pub Date : 2021-07-19 DOI: 10.1080/17449057.2021.1975414
M. Bishop, Jessica Byron-Reid, J. Corbett, Wouter Veenendaal
{"title":"Secession, Territorial Integrity and (Non)-Sovereignty: Why do Some Separatist Movements in the Caribbean Succeed and Others Fail?","authors":"M. Bishop, Jessica Byron-Reid, J. Corbett, Wouter Veenendaal","doi":"10.1080/17449057.2021.1975414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2021.1975414","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Secessionist movements are ubiquitous in the Caribbean, with virtually every multi-island state and territory experiencing centrifugal tendencies. The region thus offers a unique opportunity to examine why some succeed and others fail. By and large, the propensity for secession has not attracted the attention of scholars beyond the region, with small states and territories largely excluded from supposedly ‘global’ analysis on the subject. The article fills this gap by analysing secessionist movements in both sovereign and non-sovereign territories. We find that secession was most likely to occur in the run-up to independence. In the post-colonial period, successes have only occurred among non-sovereign territories—as demonstrated by the fragmentation of the Netherlands Antilles and the administrative separation of St Martin and St Barthélémy from Guadeloupe—which have split from each other while collectively remaining part of a metropolitan state. Non-sovereignty reduces the costs of heterogeneity via the shelter provided by the larger metropolitan power. By analysing hitherto understudied cases, this article thus adds to studies that show how secession is contingent on continued state protections which allow downsizing to occur in an orderly manner, which is in turn consistent with the desire of the international community for geopolitical stability.","PeriodicalId":46452,"journal":{"name":"Ethnopolitics","volume":"21 1","pages":"538 - 560"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42672663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
‘Sámi in the Heart’: Kinship, Culture, and Community as Foundations for Indigenous Sámi Identity in Norway “Sámi心中”:亲属关系、文化和社区作为挪威土著Sámi身份认同的基础
IF 0.8
Ethnopolitics Pub Date : 2021-06-24 DOI: 10.1080/17449057.2021.1932116
Mikkel Berg-Nordlie
{"title":"‘Sámi in the Heart’: Kinship, Culture, and Community as Foundations for Indigenous Sámi Identity in Norway","authors":"Mikkel Berg-Nordlie","doi":"10.1080/17449057.2021.1932116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2021.1932116","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article demonstrates broad variation regarding what is considered to be at the ‘core’ of Sámi ethnicity by different people. The differences are here typologized as kinship-, culture- or community-based ‘foundations’ for Sámi ethnicity. Ideas about individual Sámi ethnicity tended to focus on individual traits more than individuals’ social relationships. This may be influenced by non-Sámi authorities’ focus on individual descendancy, but also by certain aspects of modern Indigenous politics. The article discusses the distinction between relational and individual foundations for ethnicity, pointing to their interconnectedness. It also discusses the difference between genetics and kinship, and potential consequences of a genetics-focused definition of Sáminess.","PeriodicalId":46452,"journal":{"name":"Ethnopolitics","volume":"21 1","pages":"450 - 472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17449057.2021.1932116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44291118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
How Humanitarian and Stabilization Actors Contribute (Unwittingly?) to Post-Conflict Justice 人道主义和稳定行动者如何（不知不觉地）为冲突后司法作出贡献
IF 0.8
Ethnopolitics Pub Date : 2021-06-24 DOI: 10.1080/17449057.2021.1940685
Jacqueline Parry
{"title":"How Humanitarian and Stabilization Actors Contribute (Unwittingly?) to Post-Conflict Justice","authors":"Jacqueline Parry","doi":"10.1080/17449057.2021.1940685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2021.1940685","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The construction of victimhood after conflict is contentious and relies in part upon public recognition. This article argues that humanitarian and stabilization actors often provide this recognition and thereby contribute to the construction of post-conflict conceptions of victimhood. It analyses how key operational documents produced by humanitarian and stabilization actors in Iraq during the period of conflict with the Islamic State (2014–2017) constructed and recognized a particular profile of victim, and only certain perpetrators. This resulted in the exclusion and silencing of complex victims and contributed to the tolerance of violence directed against them. The article concludes with some reflections on the implications of these findings for practitioners.","PeriodicalId":46452,"journal":{"name":"Ethnopolitics","volume":"21 1","pages":"473 - 495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17449057.2021.1940685","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49598540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enacting Statehood in Places of Exception: The Structural Effect of Statehood on Greek Migration Management 在例外的地方颁布国家地位:国家地位对希腊移民管理的结构性影响
IF 0.8
Ethnopolitics Pub Date : 2021-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/17449057.2021.1907932
Simone Innico
{"title":"Enacting Statehood in Places of Exception: The Structural Effect of Statehood on Greek Migration Management","authors":"Simone Innico","doi":"10.1080/17449057.2021.1907932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2021.1907932","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to outline an analytic perspective on the notion of statehood, state authorities’ performance in situations of exceptionality, and to present some insights from ethnographic research in the context of migration in contemporary Greece. Following Timothy Mitchell's thesis on the ‘effect of state’, taking into account Giorgio Agamben's and Michel Foucault's theories regarding the ‘state of exception’ and ‘exceptionalised institutions’, as well as Erving Goffman's ‘dramaturgical perspective’ on the studies of social interactions, it is argued that 1. the ongoing cases of illegal and unsanctioned practices carried out by police and army officers in the Greek migration context should be interpreted, first and foremost, as mere practices of statehood enactment; 2. the ‘state of exception’ is not merely a useful spatialised device used by state authorities for mobility-control purposes, but rather an essential trait of statehood enactment itself. In order to reconcile the internal ambiguities inherent in the convoluted ensemble of perceived notions about what ‘a state’ is and how ‘a state’ does what it is supposed to do, it will be argued that, statehood enactment, by its very definition and constitution, frequently requires recurring to an ‘institutionalised state of exception’. From a broader viewpoint, these arguments question some supposedly non-problematic assumptions about the (concrete or abstract) nature of the state, while at the same time proposing an examination of the epistemological status of migranthood.","PeriodicalId":46452,"journal":{"name":"Ethnopolitics","volume":"20 1","pages":"362 - 383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17449057.2021.1907932","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47106065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding the Nexus Between Horizontal Inequalities, Ethno-Political Conflict and Political Participation: A Case Study of Balochistan 理解横向不平等、民族政治冲突与政治参与之间的关系:以俾路支省为例
IF 0.8
Ethnopolitics Pub Date : 2021-05-08 DOI: 10.1080/17449057.2021.1920734
Muhammad Mushtaq, Z. Mirza
{"title":"Understanding the Nexus Between Horizontal Inequalities, Ethno-Political Conflict and Political Participation: A Case Study of Balochistan","authors":"Muhammad Mushtaq, Z. Mirza","doi":"10.1080/17449057.2021.1920734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2021.1920734","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Since its inception in 1947, Pakistan has been facing the challenges of separatism, primarily based on its distinct ethnic identities. Balochistan, the largest but least populous province of Pakistan, has been trapped into a vicious cycle of violent insurgency driven by the problems of political autonomy, unequal resource distribution, and socioeconomic disparities. This paper argues that aggressive regional inequalities and state’s repressive policies have fuelled Baloch sentiments of neglect and deprivation and spurred ethno-political conflict. This paper traces the nexus between socioeconomic imbalances, growth of ethno-political conflict and political participation in Balochistan in the light of Frances Stewart’s concept of ‘horizontal inequalities’. The paper attempts to examine how grievances triggered by the presence of horizontal inequalities can exacerbate the likelihood of ethnic conflict and democratic instability in multi-ethnic societies. It claims that policies of distributive justice and inclusive governance can enhance the likelihood of democratic stability in a plural society.","PeriodicalId":46452,"journal":{"name":"Ethnopolitics","volume":"21 1","pages":"221 - 237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17449057.2021.1920734","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44700656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Ethnic Autonomy as a Dual-Use Technology: Successful Secession under Conditions of Civil War and Peace 民族自治作为一种军民两用技术:内战与和平条件下的成功分离
IF 0.8
Ethnopolitics Pub Date : 2021-04-29 DOI: 10.1080/17449057.2021.1910902
Carter Johnson
{"title":"Ethnic Autonomy as a Dual-Use Technology: Successful Secession under Conditions of Civil War and Peace","authors":"Carter Johnson","doi":"10.1080/17449057.2021.1910902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2021.1910902","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Scholars have argued that autonomy, federalism, and other forms of territorial self-governance for ethnic groups are both a successful tool to manage ethnic conflict and a Trojan horse that leads to separatism. This paper contributes to the debate by identifying autonomy as a dual-use technology: under conditions of peace, autonomy acts to maintain a unified state; under large-scale political violence (civil war), autonomy increases the probability of an ethnic group's region emerging as an independent state. I present a cross-national, statistical test of this theory during the post-1945 period.","PeriodicalId":46452,"journal":{"name":"Ethnopolitics","volume":"21 1","pages":"102 - 121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17449057.2021.1910902","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42051040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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