Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Coronary CT Angiography Applications with photon-counting CT","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The first photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) was installed in Hong Kong in December 2023. I would like to discuss the background and clinical uses of quantum technology in PCCT for coronary angiography. The photon-counting detector is a new, advanced technology that uses detectors that discriminate the energy of individual photons in the x-ray beam and convert the detected individual photons into electric signals. By comparison with traditional CT (energy-integrating detector CT, EID-CT), it offers multiple advantages over standard energy-integrating detectors, including uniform photon weighting across multiple x-ray energies. 10 clinical cases of the patients were compared using PCCT and EID-CT, regarding the image quality of proximal, middle, and distal vessels, calcified plaque, stents, non-calcified plaque, and artefacts of pericardial calcification. The coronary stents and calcified plaque can be assessed by the special features of true-lumen that allow for calcium removal based on material decomposition. The ultra-high-resolution scanning protocol has advantages in demonstrating the in-stent lumen of coronary arteries. Mono-energetic images improve the diagnostic value of cardiac CT angiography. This new technology promises to overcome the blooming artefacts of heavy calcified coronary plaques or beam-hardening artefacts in patients with coronary stents. PCCT enables improved image quality and diagnostic confidence for coronary CT angiography examinations in comparison to EID-CT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of T1ρ mapping in preoperatively predicting the status of ER, PR, HER-2 and Ki-67 in breast cancer","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>to explore the value of T1ρ mapping in preoperatively predicting the status of ER, PR, HER-2 and Ki-67 in patients with breast cancer</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>26 biopsy proved breast cancer patients were prospectively enrolled in this study. They all received preoperative clinical routine breast MRI and T1 ρ mapping sequence. Patients were grouped into ER, PR, Her-2 and Ki-67 negative (n=5, 5, 20, 13, respectively) and positive groups (n=21, 21, 6, 13, respectively) with reference to pathological results. ROIs were drawn by two radiologists along the edge of the tumor at three largest slices on T1ρ mapping images, and avoiding artifacts, blood vessels, necrosis, etc. Calculate the average value of two measurements as a final absolute T1ρ value of the lesion. Independent t test, ROC curves, analysis were used for statistical analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients with ER positive status had significantly lower T1ρ value than negative group (P&lt;0.01). ROC curve showed that T1p presented AUCs of 0.867 in predicting ER status. Patients with PR positive status also had significantly lower T1ρ value than negative group (P=0.01). ROC curve showed that T1p presented AUCs of 0.79 in predicting PR status. Patients with Her-2 positive status had significantly higher T1ρ value than negative group (P=0.04). ROC curve showed that T1p presented AUCs of 0.77 in predicting Her-2 status. Patients with Ki-67 positive status showed significantly higher T1ρ value than negative group (P=0.02). ROC curve showed that T1p presented AUCs of 0.75 in predicting Ki-67 status.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>T1ρ Mapping has the potential for preoperative evaluation of ER, PR, HER-2, and Ki-67 status, which may give additional information to guide individualized therapeutic strategy in breast cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Subtraction Iodine Mapping in the Immediate Liver Tumour Ablation CT Scan – Initial Experience Report","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To share our initial experience and benefits of the iodine mapping application in the post-liver radiofrequency ablation CT scan compared to conventional post-contrast CT liver image reconstruction.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>The SGH hybrid angiography-CT System (installed 2021), comprises the Genesis edition CT system and Alphenix Sky+ angiography system. The CT scanner gives 640 slices per rotation, with a maximum of 16cm field coverage. Iodine mapping in the post-liver ablation is routinely performed on the post-ablation contrast-enhanced CT. This subtraction technique involves taking two scan volumes and subtracting the images to highlight the differential contrast uptake in the liver parenchyma. Color-coded maps of iodine distribution within the liver parenchyma are then generated to demonstrate enhancement and washout to facilitate interpretation.</div><div>We plan to showcase the application of the iodine map technique in liver tumor ablation to through a small retrospective case series.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Through a series of 5 cases, we plan to demonstrate how iodine mapping from subtraction CT imaging after liver tumor ablation facilitates the detection of any non-ablated residual tumors and bleeding which is the most dreaded acute complication. In particular, how it is an improvement from conventional post-contrast CT image reconstructions. In addition, we will show pitfalls in imaging to prevent misinterpretation of iodine mapping subtraction CT.</div></div><div><h3>Summary</h3><div>Our initial experience in the application of iodine mapping for immediate post-liver ablation scans demonstrates that it is a useful adjunct for the interpretation of post-liver ablation CT to provide more early and accurate detection of residual tumors and complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous Estimation of Bone Morphology and Fat Fraction Using General-purpose Magnetic Resonance Imaging","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background / Purpose</h3><div>Intravertebral fat degeneration may be a potential risk factor for bone fractures. Previously, measurements of vertebral morphological changes and fat fraction have been performed separately. However, separate measurements can lead to positioning errors, and with regard to X-ray examinations, an added factor of radiation exposure also exists. Our developed method allows for the simultaneous evaluation of bone morphology and fat fraction using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), addressing the concerns mentioned above.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All examinations were performed on a 1.5 T MRI system. To obtain a bone image, multi-echo images with in-phase (i.e., echo time [TE], comprising 4 TE, ranged from 4.6–18.4 ms) were acquired. We generated a bone image by applying an inversion process to the sum of the four images. Additionally, by setting the initial TE of the multi-echo image to the opposed phase (i.e., TE, 2.3 ms), the fat fraction was calculated on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Furthermore, a field map was used to correct the inhomogeneity of the magnetic field within the in-plane using MATLAB 2023b.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Images that enabled the evaluation of bone morphology similar to X-ray computed tomography were obtained from MRI. Using the in-phase images from multi-echo MRI also made it possible to evaluate trabecular bone. Additionally, opposed-phase images were used to calculate fat fraction images. By incorporating the field map into the analysis, obtaining a more accurate image of the fat fraction was possible without magnetic field inhomogeneity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This method can be completed in a single imaging session, with minimal burden on the participant and no positional displacement, in a clinically useful manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of voluntary deep inspiration breath-hold radiotherapy technique (vDIBH-RT) implementation without DIBH-assisting device","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Voluntary deep inspiration breath-hold radiotherapy (vDIBH-RT) is an effective cardiac dose reduction technique during left breast radiotherapy. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the implementation of the vDIBH technique among left breast cancer patients without the use of a special device such as surface-guided imaging system.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The vDIBH-RT technique was implemented among thirteen (13) left breast cancer patients at the Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia. The breath-hold monitoring was performed based on breath-hold skin marks and laser light congruence observed on zoomed CCTV images from the control console during each delivery. The initial setup was verified using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) during breath-hold. Each field was delivered using multiple beam segments to allow delivery time of 20 seconds which can be tolerated by patients in breath-hold. The data were analysed using an in-house developed MATLAB algorithm. PTV margin was computed based on van Herk margin recipe.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The setup error analysed from CBCT shows that the population systematic error in lateral (x), longitudinal (y), and vertical (z) axes were 2.28 mm, 3.35 mm, and 3.10 mm respectively. Based on the CBCT image guidance, the Planning target volume (PTV) margin that would be required for vDIBH-RT using CCTV/Laser monitoring technique is 7.77 mm, 10.85 mm, and 10.93 mm in x, y, and z axes, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It is feasible to safely implement vDIBH-RT among left breast cancer patients without special equipment. The breath-hold monitoring technique is cost-effective, radiation-free, easy to implement, and allows real-time breath-hold monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing and validating a multi-omics prediction model for severe acute oral mucositis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients undergoing radiation therapy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Oral mucositis is a common and painful toxicity which can severely affect patients’ quality of life. This study focused on developing and externally validating a prediction model for severe acute oral mucositis (OM) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients undergoing radiation therapy (RT). We attempted to harness pre-treatment clinical, dose-volume-histogram (DVH), radiomic and dosiomic features to better predict the occurrence of severe OM.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis of 464 histologically confirmed NPC patients treated at two public institutions in Hong Kong was performed. Model development and internal validation was conducted on institution A (N=363) and external validation was evaluated on institution B (N=101). Severe OM was defined as the occurrence of CTCAE/RTOG grade 3 or higher during treatment. Two predictive models were constructed: 1) conventional clinical and DVH features, and 2) a multi-omics approach to include clinical, DVH, radiomic, and dosiomic features. Both models underwent rigorous optimization, involving mRMR feature selection, data scaling and model fitting conducted within 20-fold cross-validation on institution A.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The multi-omics model outperformed the conventional model in internal and external validation. Specifically, the multi-omics model achieved area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) scores of 0.67 (0.61, 0.73), and 0.65 (0.53, 0.77) respectively, compared to the conventional model's scores of 0.63 (0.56, 0.69) and 0.56 (0.44, 0.67). The 95% confidence intervals show that only the multi-omics model significantly outperformed random guessing (AUC=0.5) in external validation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that radiomics and dosiomics features, by quantifying pre-treatment tissue radiodensity and spatial dose distribution, can enable better identification of patients at risk of severe OM. Further exploration of radiomics and dosiomics-based prediction models is warranted to facilitate improved clinical decision-making, thereby enabling more personalized care for the prevention and management of OM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hutchinson Lecture","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>41 years ago, I stepped into radiography under the immense stewardship of one of radiography's gurus Ms. Sybil Stockley. Since that time, Radiography has taken me across 5 continents and had an immeasurable influence on my family and me and we are eternally grateful. For a very large part of that journey, I have been involved in research to the point where through observations of incredible individuals and personal experience I have identified 6 maxims I feel are important to make change: change that is not necessarily measured by numbers of publications, invited book chapters or Facebook posts, but instead by the effect we have on people. This is not a blueprint for everyone; but rather a rambling through anecdotes culminating in conclusions that were important to me and maybe of some value to others.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing Respiratory Motion Artifacts in Gadoxetate-Enhanced MRI: Assessing Assisted Breath-Holding Effectiveness","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study evaluates the effectiveness of the assisted breath-holding technique in improving image quality by reducing motion artifacts associated with gadoxetate-enhancement during the transient arterial phase compared to the conventional breathing approach in liver MRI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed a comprehensive analysis of liver MRI scans from 261 consecutive patients subjected to gadoxetate-enhanced MRI. Our focus was on evaluating motion artifact severity during the arterial phase, categorizing the cases into two groups: assisted breath-holding (130/261 cases) and traditional breathing (131/261 cases). Two independent, blinded readers rigorously assessed image quality using a 5-point scale.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A pronounced and statistically significant enhancement in arterial phase image quality scores was observed in patients employing the assisted breath-holding method as compared to the traditional approach (p = 0.006). The incidence of moderate and severe respiratory artifacts during the arterial phase notably decreased from 17.557% to 4.615% following the implementation of the assisted breath-holding technique (χ² = 11.065, p = 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The utilization of the assisted breath-holding method led to a substantial enhancement in the image quality during the arterial phase of gadoxetate-enhanced liver MRI scans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Complaints on Radiology Examination Request: The Efficiency of an In-house RIS Solution","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Purpose</h3><div>The current manual process of requesting radiological examinations using paper forms has resulted in significant inefficiencies, data errors, and frequent complaints from customers. This has not only led to delays in the application process but also impacted patients who require urgent treatment. The information from the forms needs to be entered into the Radiology Information System (RIS) by staff, resulting in further delays and errors. Outdated computer hardware and problems with the RIS also aggravate the situation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To address these problems, an in-house developed system that covers the entire process from examination request to reporting has been proposed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The system has been found to be effective in eliminating various issues, including delays, errors, and customer complaints. The use of the system has reached 100%, and standardization has been achieved throughout the organization. The system has also resulted in significant cost savings of USD 1,794,126.82, primarily due to reduced maintenance costs. Moreover, the system has led to a more efficient work system, reduction in customer complaints, time savings, cost savings of consumables, and reduction in procedural steps.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Overall, the in-house RIS has provided an effective, standardized, and cost-saving solution for radiology examination requests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered reward circuit in adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury: a study on subcortical volume and lateralization index","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aims to examine the structural characteristics of the reward circuit in adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), focusing on subcortical volume and lateralization index (LI). The objective is to shed light on the underlying mechanisms of NSSI within the reward circuits and provide structural evidence supporting its occurrence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 50 adolescents with first-episode NSSI and 33 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. Clinical characteristics included the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSI), Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS), and Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory (OSI). Subcortical volume segmentation was performed using Freesurfer software. LI quantified differences in left and right subcortical volume. Statistical analysis of clinical features, subcortical volume, and LI was performed using analysis of covariance, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and independent sample t-tests. Pearson or Spearman correlation was used to explore relationships between subcortical volume or LI and clinical characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The NSSI group had higher SAS scores compared to the HC group. BACS scores in the NSSI group were lower than in the HC group. Compared to the HC group, the NSSI group exhibited reduced volume in the left accumbens, along with an increased LI of the accumbens. In the NSSI group, left accumbens volume was positively correlated with BACS scores, and LI of the accumbens was negatively correlated with BACS scores.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study discovered a decrease in the volume of the left accumbens in adolescents with NSSI, providing structural evidence that supports the involvement of reward circuits in NSSI among adolescents. The observed alterations in subcortical volume and LI suggest a potential vulnerability in the left hemisphere among adolescents with NSSI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}