Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences最新文献

{"title":"AI in Paediatric Radiology","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Use of AI has become popular in radiology for improving service efficiency and quality. Currently, there are 366 United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved radiology AI products for potential use in routine clinical practice. Apparently, some of these products would be useful for its subspecialty, paediatric radiology to address the long-standing problem of paediatric radiologist shortage as well as other issues such as radiation risk, and sedation and anaesthesia use. However, great differences exist between adult and paediatric radiology because of age-dependant changes of anatomy and physiology leading to variations of image acquisition settings and diagnostic processes. Hence, AI products suitable for paediatric radiology have been developed. The purpose of this keynote presentation is to explore current opportunities, challenges and way forward for clinical use of AI in paediatric radiology.</div><div>As yet, 13 commercial AI products have been approved by FDA for paediatric radiology use, i.e. 3.6% of the total number of FDA-approved radiology AI products. Around a quarter of these (3 out of 13) are developed for computer aided detection / diagnosis of fractures and dental diseases such as caries and calculi based on general and dental x-ray images. Although FDA has determined the other 10 products as medical image management and processing systems (MIMPS), about half (6) can assist paediatric radiologists in making diagnoses faster through automatic segmentation and quantification of body structures such as urinary bladder, hip, cardiac chamber, brain, liver, and jaw bone in pelvis and hip ultrasound, cardiac, brain and liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and dental x-ray, respectively. Hence, the majority of these products can address the paediatric radiologist shortage issue to some extent by increasing clinician efficiency and productivity while the others (except one designed for lumbar spine surgical outcome prediction) would be useful to alleviate the traditional burdens of paediatric radiology such as x-ray and computed tomography radiation dose, and sedation and anaesthesia use in MRI due to long examination time.</div><div>Nonetheless, the application areas of these existing FDA-approved products appear limited and only cover certain types of paediatric examinations and diseases. According to recent literature reviews, there are lots of potential AI applications for improving paediatric radiology service efficiency and quality such as image translation, quality assessment, acquisition setting selection and labelling for routing, billing and hanging protocol management, robotic assistance in guidewire insertion, computer assisted triage and notification, natural language processing for highlighting significant findings in reports, literature search / expert seeking for diagnosis support, trainee education and chatbot for responding to patient questions but none of them have become commercially avai","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing Patterns of Network Controllability in first episode drug-naïve schizophrenia patients","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Schizophrenia typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood, making early-stage patient studies crucial for untainted insights into brain function, free from antipsychotic medication effects. Prior research, while identifying functional deficits through regional and network abnormalities, has paid limited attention to network controllability. This study delves into controllability—a measure of the brain network's ability to transition between states, particularly modal controllability, which is associated with significant brain state changes. The aim is to uncover network controllability deficits in early schizophrenia, isolated from medication influences.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study involved 135 first-episode, drug-naïve schizophrenia patients (ages 16-30) and 119 matched healthy controls. Resting-state fMRI data were collected using a 3-T GE scanner, with DPASF software for data preprocessing and functional connectivity analysis. Regional modal controllability was assessed using Linear Mixed-Effects Models (Controllability - Category + Gender + Age + Edu + Category*Gender + Category*Age +Category*Edu), and inter-group comparisons focused on these controllability measures and their age-related changes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant differences in regional modal controllability were found in the left inferior parietal gyrus between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls (p=0.02). Schizophrenia patients showed a decrease in regional modal controllability with age, in contrast to an increase in controls. The comparison of age-related changes in regional modal controllability showed a significant difference between diagnostic groups (p=0.009).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Early-stage schizophrenia is characterized by abnormal network development patterns, notably decreased regional modal controllability in the left inferior parietal gyrus. This study highlights the importance of examining brain network dynamics in early schizophrenia without the confounding effects of medication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A research proposal concerning sonographic findings among pregnant women presenting with per-vaginal bleeding at health facilities in Arusha region","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vaginal bleeding has been noticed as the major problem experienced by pregnant women associated with consequences like abortions, preterm birth, low birth weight, intrauterine fetal deaths, intrauterine growth retardation and anemia in pregnant in East Africa. According to the records obtained, the study will provide the percentage (after data collection) of pregnant women returned to hospital for attendance to the antenatal care services complaining of Per-vaginal bleeding before their next recommended date of attendance.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>The purpose of the study is to determine the sonographic findings in pregnant women presenting with Per-vaginal bleeding referred for obstetric ultrasound scan at health facilities. The study is non-interventional, cross section, descriptive, and quantitative. The study will involve potential participants and it will be conducted for a certain period of time from health facilities in the region. An informed consent will be obtained from the participants before collecting data and confidentiality will be assured and maintained throughout the study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Majority of the respondents reported history of use of contraceptives, history of miscarriage, history of caesarian section and presence of vaginal infection alongside Per Vaginal bleeding. The major sonographic findings among pregnant women with vaginal bleeding are normal sonographic findings in threatened abortion but some seen with uterine fibroids, placenta Previa, incomplete abortion, molar pregnancy, inevitable abortion and vasa Previa.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Vaginal bleeding is common among pregnant women in the first trimester and threatened abortion is the major cause of vaginal bleeding among pregnant women. Any pregnant woman presenting with vaginal bleeding should have an early and timely ultrasound scan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of artificial intelligence and robotics on radiologic technologists in interventional cardiology: A systematic review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background / Purpose</h3><div>Artificial intelligence and robotics have emerged as a transformative force in the field of interventional cardiology, enabling novel approaches to address the complex challenges associated with treating the world's leading cause of death. This review thoroughly examines how the rising influence of artificial intelligence and robotics is transforming the responsibilities and functions of radiologic technologists considering the continually evolving capabilities of intelligent technologies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature review was used to identify, select, and critically appraise research to determine the impact of artificial intelligence in interventional cardiology. The literature reviewed was collected from the following databases: CINAHL, PubMed, Science Direct, and Medline. The search was limited to full-text and scholarly journals published between 2013 and 2023 in the English language. The literature search for this systematic review was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses reporting guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Advances in artificial intelligence in the catheterization laboratory are revolutionizing the way we process and interpret angiographic X-ray images, integrate them with other imaging modalities, and improve diagnosis and management. Intelligent systems, robotics, and innovative image-processing techniques are now making their way into interventional cardiology, leading to significant reductions in radiation exposure while enhancing diagnosis and management.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Radiologic technologists must continue to adapt and grow in response to the ever-evolving capabilities of intelligent technologies. As the adoption of artificial intelligence and robotics increases so too will the opportunities for radiologic technologists, but they must actively engage and participate to ensure they are not excluded from the implementation of artificial intelligence systems and the technologies they enable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients’ Health Literacy for Radiological Procedures and Examinations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Health literacy is crucial in healthcare as it influences an individual's ability to make well-informed health decisions, resulting in better health management and outcomes. Limited health literacy has been linked to poor health outcomes, such as increased mortality risk, morbidity, and complications. This presentation will provide an overview of an integrative review that investigated patients’ knowledge and understanding of a scheduled radiological procedure and the barriers that inhibit good health literacy in radiology patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search was conducted using the electronic databases: Medline, EMBASE, and CINAHL. The keywords used were “health literacy”, “patient knowledge”, “before”, “radiolog*”, and “exam*”. The review included literature that investigated patient knowledge regarding radiological examinations such as general radiography, computed tomography, mammography, and interventional or fluoroscopy, written in English and published between January 2013 and May 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1,728 studies were initially identified from Medline, EMBASE, and CINAHL. Fifty-one of which met the criteria for this review and were eligible. Four key themes regarding patient knowledge before their appointment were distinguished: 1) Patient preparation awareness; 2) General knowledge and information received; 3) Radiation exposure estimation; 4) Risk perception.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is a significant gap in patients' knowledge about their scheduled radiological appointments in general. Certain barriers exist which hinder patients from effectively acquiring satisfactory knowledge. This included their passive approach to health decisions and low education level. Patients heavily rely on healthcare professionals, especially their referring physician, to provide them with the necessary information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of AI in Radiotherapy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies will have a great impact for the radiation therapy field. At the frontline of patient care, therapists will have a significant role in assuring safe and effective clinical implementation of AI-based tools. A major part of clinical AI applications will focus on facilitating and enhancing healthcare practice, via automation. This may raise concerns on responsibility and decision boundaries of patient care. Another challenge related to the AI application in clinic is the “black boxes” perception. It may be difficult to understand why or how the algorithm performs, due to the complexity of these AI algorithms. This talk will provide an overall review of major areas that AI technologies are being launched in clinics, including segmentation, treatment planning, treatment decision support, and treatment plan QA etc. Additionally, this talk will also address some relevant topics such as ethics in developing and deploying AI tools in clinic, etc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Child-sizing Imaging and Interventions – Making challenges fun!","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101470","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;“Children are not small adults” – Many assumptions that we apply when performing imaging and interventions in adults do not hold true when applied in children. Children are more susceptible to the deleterious effect of radiation when compared to adult, especially in terms of cancer-risk associated with radiation. While the average radiation dose involved in medical imaging is significantly lower than that in radiation therapy, it is important for us to adopt the “As Low As Reasonably Appropriate” (ALARA) principle. When performing medical imaging with ionizing radiation, we need to use appropriate strategies to limit the radiation dose. Also, we need to consider alternative radiation-free imaging modalities, such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI is the preferred imaging modality for many childhood conditions, given its high soft tissue contrast resolution and lack of ionizing radiation. The trade-off for performing MR scans is the relatively long scan time, during which the child would have to stay still and motionless. Motion artifacts result in poor image quality and potentially non-interpretable scans.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;In order to keep young children still for MR scans, sedation or anaesthesia services are often required. While sedation is relatively safe in experienced hands, the risk to the patient is higher than that of non-sedated MRI because of the possibility of adverse reactions to medications, cardiovascular or respiratory events, as well as growing concerns regarding potential adverse neurocognitive effects associated with exposure to anaesthetic medications early in life. In addition, anaesthesia service is a scarce resource in most hospitals and often creates a bottleneck effect in examination scheduling, i.e. MR scans with sedation often have longer wait times than non-sedated MR studies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Depending on the age of the child, various non-sedative strategies can be used to reduce need for sedation or anaesthesia. To run a successful non-sedated MR program, it involves collaborative teamwork between radiologist, MR technologists, referring clinical team, anaesthesiologists, play specialists and, most important, the child and his/her parent. This multidisciplinary team effort ensures proper patient selection, MR scan protocoling and creation of a child-friendly environment.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;For baby aged less than 6 months, “feed-and-sleep” can be used to reduce the need of pharmacological sedation. With this technique, we make use of patients' daily feed and natural sleep pattern to let the baby fall asleep before start scanning. The parents would be briefed beforehand on when to feed the patient and the scan would be scheduled to fit with the feed schedule. The infant would be wrapped tightly in a pneumatic blanket to ensure comfort and minimise movement. The MR scanning room ambient light would be dimmed and “quieter” MR sequences would be selected to avoid waking the patient up.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Older children f","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive 3D Models and Animations for Cardiac Imaging Education","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cardiac imaging is a specialized branch of medical imaging that focuses on capturing detailed images of the heart. The coronary angiography procedure is one of the cardiac imaging techniques where radiographers use different angles and projections to get a comprehensive view of the coronary arteries in the heart and assess any potential blockages or abnormalities. Radiography student needs to grasp the theoretical and practical knowledge of these procedures before attending their clinical attachments and working in the field. However, the current teaching relies on static visualization (eg. still illustrations and photographs) which is insufficient to deliver the complex concepts in cardiac imaging. Practical sessions are challenging due to the limited access to the facility and involve ionizing radiation. Integrating 3D models and animations into e-learning for teaching cardiac imaging can significantly enhance the learning experience and provide an immersive and interactive environment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>3D models and animations were developed using Autodesk Maya software from creating 3D models to animations and rendering of coronary angiography procedures demonstrating different angles and projections.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>3D models and animations provide a dynamic visualization of the complex imaging procedure. All animations also provide a short description of each angulation, projection, and image, as well as other important notes related to clinical applications and scenarios. This allows students to learn the real-life scenarios and situations they might encounter in imaging patients in the hospital. This study could be extended for visualization in augmented reality (AR) where students can turn the 3D models around and manipulate the model in their own hands to perform the coronary angiography procedure.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>3D models and animations in cardiac imaging education simplify abstract processes and enhance understanding, in line with the needs of the current generation and the fast-paced Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing CT Protocols: Advanced Dose Reduction and Contrast Media Strategies for Personalized Patient Care – Today's Innovations and Tomorrow's Horizons","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101456","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The rapid advancement of Computed Tomography (CT) imaging technology offers unprecedented opportunities to enhance diagnostic precision and patient safety. However, it also imposes a significant responsibility on radiographers and medical imaging professionals to stay abreast of evolving best practices for dose optimization, contrast media (CM) administration, and the integration of emerging technologies. This presentation seeks to provide a holistic overview of current innovations and future directions in CT imaging, focusing on personalized patient care.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scope&lt;/strong&gt;: The scope of this presentation encompasses a detailed examination of dose optimization techniques and CM administration strategies within the context of current and forthcoming CT technology. It addresses the critical balance between ensuring diagnostic efficacy and minimizing patient exposure to ionizing radiation and contrast media-related risks. Furthermore, the presentation extends into the promising potential of emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI) and dual-energy CT, illustrating their role in refining and personalizing diagnostic protocols.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The primary aim of this presentation is to equip radiographers and imaging professionals with a deep understanding of the principles and practical applications of dose optimization and safe CM administration in CT imaging. It endeavors to provide a comprehensive overview of the methodologies and technological innovations that can be employed to tailor imaging protocols to individual patient profiles, thereby enhancing both the safety and efficacy of diagnostic procedures. Additionally, the presentation aims to foster a forward-looking perspective among attendees, encouraging the adoption of emerging technologies and practices that promise to redefine the standards of patient-centered care in medical imaging.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;1. Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) and Dose Optimization: Participants will explore the concept of DRLs, their establishment, and utilization as a cornerstone for dose optimization. The session will highlight the importance of DRLs in monitoring and improving radiation safety, underscoring the need for regular updates and adherence to best practices.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;2. Contrast Media Administration Strategies: This section delves into strategies for minimizing iodine dose in contrast-enhanced CT imaging. By reviewing recent advancements and case studies, attendees will learn about reducing CM-related risks without compromising diagnostic quality, emphasizing patient-specific considerations in CM protocol selection.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;3. Emerging Technologies in CT Imaging: The presentation will introduce participants to cutting-edge technologies reshaping CT imaging. Focus areas include dual-energy CT, iterative reconstruction algorithms, and the integration of AI and ML in optimizing imaging protocols. This segment aims to demonstrate how these tech","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of test-bolus technique for ctpa in covid-19 patients with suspected pulmonary embolism","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background / Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the test-bolus technique application for Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) in COVID-19 patients by analyzing contrast media volume and radiation dose reduction, and image quality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a retrospective study of 32 CTPA images from Hospital Al-Sultan Abdullah (HASA) (Group A) and University Malaya Medical Centre (Group B) with clinical suspicion for PE from 1^st February 2021 to 1^st May 2021. Group A (N=16) received test-bolus technique (35ml of 370mg/I at 5ml/s) and Group B (N=16) received bolus-tracking technique (50ml of 370mg/I at 5ml/s) and were scanned by 128-slice Siemens Somatom Definition AS (Siemens Healthcare, Forchheim, Germany) CT scan machine. For analysis, subjective image quality was done by two board-certified radiologists independently (both 7 years’ experience) using a 5-point Likert's scale at an axial image at the level of the pulmonary artery. Objective image quality analysis was done by measuring contrast enhancement at the MPA, RPA, LPA, left upper and lower lobe PA, apical segment artery and vein, basal segment artery and vein. The CTDI_vol, dose-length product (DLP) and Effective dose (E) were measured. The volume of contrast media was recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Group A mean contrast volume was (38.13ml ± 2.5ml) compared to Group B (56.25ml ± 8.85ml), (<em>P</em>&lt;0.005), leading to a 32.21% contrast reduction (<em>p</em>=0.000). 8.8% of dose increase in mean CTDI_vol in group A (16.45mGy±3.43mGy) compared to group B (15mGy ± 2.8mGy) (<em>p</em>=0.200). For mean DLP and effective dose, the dose increase was 9.2% in group A (204.38mGycm ± 47.42mGycm), (3.27mSv ± 0.76 mSv) compared to group B (185.56mGycm ± 16.97mGycm), (2.97mSv ± 0.27mSv), with <em>p</em>=0.152 each.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion(s)</h3><div>This study proved that the test-bolus technique application is effective in reducing contrast media volume usage for CTPA in COVID-19 patients with suspected PE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}