{"title":"A Novel Procedure for Treating Parenteral Nutrition-Induced Occlusion of a Single-Lumen Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter.","authors":"Hong Li, Jishi Li, Jinliang Zhang, Jiandong Zha, Yiping Tang, Xian Chen","doi":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000633","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of replacing the connector assembly in resolving occlusion of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) during parenteral nutrition (PN) administration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study reviewed data from 24 patients who received PN via 4Fr single-lumen silicone PICCs at a 2000-bed tertiary general hospital between 2018 and 2023. All patients experienced either partial or complete catheter occlusion following PN infusion. A novel procedure was adopted to replace the connector assembly, and the subsequent outcomes were observed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The success rates of connector replacement were 87.5% and 50.0% on the first and second attempts, respectively, with restored catheter function. Repeated replacement, however, markedly reduced patency (from 87.5% to 0% after the third replacement) and progressively shortened the median functional indwelling time (from 44.5 to 36.5 days), indicating diminished overall durability and therapeutic efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Connector assembly replacement is an effective, immediate, and economical method to resolve PICC occlusions caused by PN. This approach may offer a practical alternative to chemical catheter clearance, particularly for 4Fr single-lumen silicone catheters.</p>","PeriodicalId":46291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infusion Nursing","volume":"49 2","pages":"100-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interdisciplinary Collaboration for the Management of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Rupture Resulting From Malposition During Esophageal Cancer Surgery After Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Case Report.","authors":"Xiangmei Sun, Jian Sun, Liuliu Zhang, Lianbing Gu, Ruchun Shi, Changmin Mao, Chen Qian","doi":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000627","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report describes an intraoperative rupture of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) that had inadvertently advanced into the azygos vein during esophagectomy for cancer after neoadjuvant therapy. The intraoperative analysis and discussion of the cause of the malpositioned PICC in this case, along with interdisciplinary collaboration, led to the successful removal of the ruptured PICC from the azygos vein. Postoperatively, the authors conducted a thorough literature review to elucidate the mechanisms underlying PICC malposition into the azygos vein. Based on this analysis, the authors have proposed a series of preventive measures and predictive management recommendations aimed at reducing the risk of both central-venous catheter malposition and device fracture. This case report may provide valuable insights for the management of similar events during surgery in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":46291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infusion Nursing","volume":"49 2","pages":"110-116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Motoko Kitada, Minoru Kabashima, Ayako Ninomiya, Etsuro Hori
{"title":"Variability in the Clinical Presentation of Major Catheter-Related Complications: A Case Report.","authors":"Motoko Kitada, Minoru Kabashima, Ayako Ninomiya, Etsuro Hori","doi":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000632","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phlebitis and infiltration have traditionally been considered distinct conditions, and numerous studies have used these terms to classify outcomes. However, classic diagnostic criteria may not consistently or accurately differentiate between the 2 clinical conditions. The current case report presents examples demonstrating that phlebitis and infiltration are heterogenous conditions with varied and overlapping signs that do not always align with conventional definitions. This variability in presentation may hinder distinguishing between these complications and may contribute to inconsistencies across the literature. Defining outcomes using broader terms, such as \"catheter failure,\" may help reduce inter-study bias. Additionally, focusing on individual signs and symptoms, or specific combinations thereof, may be an alternative approach to foster scientific consensus.</p>","PeriodicalId":46291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infusion Nursing","volume":"49 2","pages":"90-95"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feng-Xian Li, Peng Su, Yue-Bing Li, He-Wen Li, Huan-Huan Gao
{"title":"Comparative Study of Techniques for Restoring Function in Thrombotically Occluded Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters: An In Vitro Model Study.","authors":"Feng-Xian Li, Peng Su, Yue-Bing Li, He-Wen Li, Huan-Huan Gao","doi":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000630","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the efficacy, safety, and operational efficiency of the intermittent negative-pressure guidewire technique and the stay-locking technique in restoring the function of thrombotically occluded peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An in vitro thrombotically occluded PICC model was created using 110 catheters, with successful occlusion established in 90. The experimental group comprised 43 models treated with the intermittent negative-pressure guidewire technique, while the control group included 45 models treated using the stay-locking technique. Relevant procedural data were collected and analyzed statistically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The success rate was significantly higher in the experimental group (62.79%) compared with the control group (4.44%, P < .0001). There was no significant difference in the incidence of thrombus overflow at the catheter tip between groups (P = .704); however, the length of thrombus overflow was significantly greater in the control group (P = .001). Additionally, successful interventions were associated with significantly shorter operation times and significantly higher-pressure recovery rates (P < .0001 for both comparisons).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In an in vitro model of thrombotically occluded PICCs, the intermittent negative-pressure guidewire technique demonstrated superior efficacy, including shorter operation time and higher success rates, compared with the stay-locking technique. The marked increase in the pressure recovery rate in successful cases indicates the technique's effectiveness in restoring catheter function.</p>","PeriodicalId":46291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infusion Nursing","volume":"49 2","pages":"117-126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nursing Continuing Professional Development for Nursing Contact Hours and CRNI® Recertification Units.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NAN.0000000000000641","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infusion Nursing","volume":"49 2","pages":"E13-E15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Domenica Petta, Khadija El Aoufy, Camilla Elena Magi, Carolina Forciniti, Alberto Lucchini, Paolo Iovino, Carla Amato, Pasquale Iozzo, Laura Rasero, Stefano Bambi, Yari Longobucco
{"title":"Upper Limb Edema as Predictor of Difficult Peripheral Intravenous Cannulation.","authors":"Domenica Petta, Khadija El Aoufy, Camilla Elena Magi, Carolina Forciniti, Alberto Lucchini, Paolo Iovino, Carla Amato, Pasquale Iozzo, Laura Rasero, Stefano Bambi, Yari Longobucco","doi":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000625","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Predictors of difficult peripheral intravenous cannulation include nonvisible and non-palpable veins, history of difficult access, intravenous drug use, abnormal body mass index, vascular disease, and conditions such as wasting syndrome, diabetes, sickle cell disease, hemodialysis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and upper limb alterations, including edema. This study evaluated the predictive accuracy of upper-limb edema in identifying difficult intravenous catheter placement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A secondary analysis was conducted on data from a large prospective observational study investigating the prevalence of difficult intravenous access (DIVA), cannulation timing, and enhanced adult-DIVA (EA-DIVA) thresholds for ultrasound guidance at the emergency department of an urban general hospital. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of ultrasound-guided cannulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant predictors of DIVA included overweight (odds ratio [OR] = 3.934; 95% CI: 2.218-6.977), neurovascular diseases (OR = 3.106; 95% CI: 1.650-5.845), and upper-limb edema (OR = 3.026; 95% CI: 1.542-5.937). Other predictors were history of difficult cannulation (OR = 2.675), vascular depletion (OR = 2.669), abnormal vein evaluation (OR = 2.649), and abnormal skin assessment (OR = 1.841).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Upper-limb edema emerged as a strong, independent predictor of DIVA not currently included in the EA-DIVA score. Its immediate clinical detectability suggests its potential as a binary screening criterion for direct referral to ultrasound-guided cannulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":46291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infusion Nursing","volume":"49 2","pages":"82-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eneida Rejane Rabelo-Silva, Marco Aurélio Lumertz Saffi, Vânia Naomi Hirakata, Eduarda Bordini Ferro, Solange Antonia Lourenço, Ana Isabel Martins da Silva, Cláudia Candido da Luz, Vanderlei Carlos Pupin, Raquel Bauer Cechinel, Larissa Martins de Andrade, Telma Christina do Campo Silva, Mariana Marques de Araújo, Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira Do Espírito Santo, Lorena Alves da Gama, Vilma Santana Soares, Widlani Sousa Montenegro, Thaís Souza de Jesus, Gustavo Rocha Costa de Freitas, Leticia Lopez Pedraza, Daiane da Silva Gonçalves Veçossi, Fabrício de Jesus Gimenez, Ronaldy Barbosa, Vineet Chopra
{"title":"External Validation of the Michigan Risk Score for Predicting Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter-Related Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Multicenter Study in Brazil.","authors":"Eneida Rejane Rabelo-Silva, Marco Aurélio Lumertz Saffi, Vânia Naomi Hirakata, Eduarda Bordini Ferro, Solange Antonia Lourenço, Ana Isabel Martins da Silva, Cláudia Candido da Luz, Vanderlei Carlos Pupin, Raquel Bauer Cechinel, Larissa Martins de Andrade, Telma Christina do Campo Silva, Mariana Marques de Araújo, Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira Do Espírito Santo, Lorena Alves da Gama, Vilma Santana Soares, Widlani Sousa Montenegro, Thaís Souza de Jesus, Gustavo Rocha Costa de Freitas, Leticia Lopez Pedraza, Daiane da Silva Gonçalves Veçossi, Fabrício de Jesus Gimenez, Ronaldy Barbosa, Vineet Chopra","doi":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000623","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Michigan Risk Score (MRS) was developed to predict peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)-related thrombosis. This study aimed to externally validate the MRS in a Brazilian cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults hospitalized in 16 Brazilian hospitals who received a PICC were followed until catheter removal, death, or 30 days. The MRS assigned risk points based on 5 clinical variables: presence of another central line, white blood cell count >12 000, multi-lumen PICC, history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and active cancer. Mixed-effects logistic regression assessed MRS performance, including calibration and discrimination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 12 725 PICCs in 11 135 patients (mean age 66.4 ± 19 years; 51% female) were included. Deep vein thrombosis occurred in 129 cases (1.0%). Only the number of PICC lumens and history of venous thromboembolism (VTE) were significantly associated with DVT risk. Compared to risk class I, the odds ratios for risk classes III and IV were 2.83 (95% CI, 1.51-5.3) and 3.01 (95% CI, 1.41-6.41), respectively. The area under the curve was 0.70 for the multivariable model and 0.67 for the MRS classification.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Peripherally inserted central catheter lumens and VTE history were independently associated with DVT risk. Classes III and IV of the MRS had higher event rates than class I.</p>","PeriodicalId":46291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infusion Nursing","volume":"49 1","pages":"43-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kara J Bragg, Michael Mohseni, Michael Albus, Bryce J Everett, Leslie V Simon
{"title":"Experience of Hospital Staff With Patients Who Self-Inject Drugs: A Survey-Based Study of the Impacts on Medical Care.","authors":"Kara J Bragg, Michael Mohseni, Michael Albus, Bryce J Everett, Leslie V Simon","doi":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000629","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NAN.0000000000000629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The United States opioid crisis has led to significant health care challenges. Patients who inject drugs (PWID) may self-inject illicit substances into vascular access devices (SIVAD). This behavior can lead to complications, including overdose and death. Given lack of data on SIVAD, this study aims to survey hospital staff on experiences with PWID and SIVAD, assess effectiveness of current protocols, and highlight the underreporting of incidents and their impact on care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey study was conducted among hospital staff. The survey assessed experiences with SIVAD, perceptions, and suggestions for improvement. Analyses with descriptive statistics for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative responses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 254 surveys were obtained. Of these, 31.7% (72/227) reported confirmed SIVAD during their care, and 48.6% (110/226) believed their patient did not complete care due to the stigma of SIVAD. Furthermore, 72.3% (68/94) reported altering care plans due to concern of SIVAD. Finally, 93.8% (212/226) of respondents stated that they would use a device to mitigate SIVAD, if available.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By surveying hospital staff about their experience with SIVAD, this study highlights the impact and underreporting of this issue. This study also underscores the need for enhanced patient safety in cases of SIVAD and desire for new protocols and devices to improve care quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":46291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infusion Nursing","volume":"49 1","pages":"22-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}