British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies最新文献

{"title":"Al-Lajjun: a Social and geographic account of a Palestinian Village during the British Mandate Period","authors":"Roy Marom, Y. Tepper, Matthew J. Adams","doi":"10.1080/13530194.2023.2279340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2023.2279340","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46267,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139451450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the conceptualization and implementation of normalization: insights from Egyptian–Israeli Relations","authors":"Meirav Mishali-Ram, Rami Ginat","doi":"10.1080/13530194.2023.2289666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2023.2289666","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46267,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies","volume":"70 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139004065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the Israeli-Syrian mixed armistice commission in the fate of the Arabs of Krad al-Baqqara and Krad al-Ghaname 1948-1956","authors":"Yoram Fried","doi":"10.1080/13530194.2023.2289658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2023.2289658","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46267,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139198494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confronting minorization: colonial missionaries and Ottoman millets in the eyes of a Nineteenth Century Baghdadi Rabbi","authors":"Avi-ram Tzoreff","doi":"10.1080/13530194.2023.2279333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2023.2279333","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46267,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139271223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The compromise of Islamism and democracy in the light of the Tunisian revolution and views of Rachid al-Gannouchi","authors":"Anna Zasuń","doi":"10.1080/13530194.2023.2281424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2023.2281424","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe Jasmine Revolution in Tunisia in 2010 and 2011 catalysed changes in many Arab countries, referred to as the Arab Spring. The Tunisian events of this period led to the flourishing of Islamist tendencies in the country with unexpected results. Over more than two decades, two secular dictatorships collapsed, replaced by a democracy inspired by the Western model but shaped by the ideas of the Islamist movement, represented by Ennahda and its leader Rachid al-Gannouchi. The article presents an analysis of the changes in the Tunisian political scene, dating back to the decolonization and independence of Tunisia in 1956, the period of two regimes, to the elections of 2011, which were crucial for Islamists, and the consequences of their political decisions in the post-revolutionary period. The context for the analysis is the activity of important figure of contemporary Islamism, Al-Gannouchi and his party. It justifies the sense-creating and compensatory importance of religion-based ideology for the secular processes in Tunisia. It also discusses the result of post-revolutionary changes based on the principle of political pluralism and the principle of ‘consensus’ presented by Al-Gannouchi, who, after years of exile from the country, returned to become the face of Islamic democracy. Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Vladimir Tismăneanu, Wizje zbawienia (Fantasies of Salvation: Democracy, Nationalism and Myth in Post-Communist Europe) (Warsaw: Muza, 2000), 139.2 Patrick Van Inwegen, Understanding Revolution (Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2011), 3–4.3 Ibid., 4.4 Ibid., 4–7.5 Jack A. Goldstone, ‘Toward A Fourth Generation of Revolutionary Theory’, Annual Reviews of Political Science 4 (2001): 142.6 Ibid., 142.7 Habib Ayeb, ‘Social and political geography of the Tunisian revolution: the alfa grass revolution’, Review of African Political Economy 38/129 (2011): 467.8 Tismăneanu, Wizje, 139.9 Robert S. Robins and Jerrold M. Post, Paranoja polityczna. Psychologia nienawiści (Political Paranoia The Psychopolitics of Hatred) (Warsaw: Książka i Wiedza, 2007), 147–8.10 Tismăneanu, Wizje, 58.11 Marek Dziekan, ‘Islam i polityka we współczesnej Tunezji: Raszid al-Ghannuszi i Harakat an-Nahda’, in Bunt czy rewolucja? Przemiany na Bliskim Wschodzie po 2010 roku, eds. Katarzyna Górak-Sosnowska and Katarzyna Pachniak (Łódź: Ibidem, 2012), 69.12 Ayeb, ‘Social and political’, 467.13 William L. Cleveland and Martin P. Bunton, A History of the Modern Middle East (New York—London: Routledge, 2016), 537.14 Ibid., 537.15 Ibid., 539.16 Ibid., 539.17 Ayeb, ‘Social and political’, 468, 469.18 Nazih Ayubi, Political Islam. Religion and Politics in the Arab World (London—New York: Routledge, 2006), 113.19 Olivier Roy, The Failure of Political Islam (Cambridge—Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1996), 29.20 Shabbir Akhtar, Islam as Political Religion. The future of an imperial faith (London—New York: Routl","PeriodicalId":46267,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies","volume":"15 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135038846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responding to Climate Change in Jordan: understanding institutional developments, political restrictions and economic opportunities","authors":"Imad El-Anis, Marianna Poberezhskaya","doi":"10.1080/13530194.2023.2279332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2023.2279332","url":null,"abstract":"Jordan is one of the world’s most resource-poor, arid and freshwater-stressed countries with climate change aggravating these challenges further. We argue that due to Jordan’s climate change vulnerability and low levels of resilience, as well as its vital role in Middle Eastern politics, it is necessary to examine how climate change policies are approached in the kingdom. Based on a thematic analysis of official climate change policy documentation and elite interviews, we find that climate change problems are portrayed as important in Jordan, but the policymaking and implementation processes face significant challenges. The main predicaments are: the prioritization of short-term political and economic interests, over-reliance on external actors, limited financial, technical and knowledge capacities, and a lack of coordination between the key public sector stakeholders. Furthermore, as with other authoritarian states, Jordan’s ability to respond to climate change is influenced by restrictions stemming from the governing regime’s prioritization of its own survival.","PeriodicalId":46267,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies","volume":"82 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135540105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding community resilience in Yemen: how parallel institutions meet essential needs in the absence of the state","authors":"Manuel Almeida, Raiman Al-Hamdani, Austin J. Knuppe","doi":"10.1080/13530194.2023.2265843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2023.2265843","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTHow do Yemeni communities build and sustain resilience in wartime when state institutions are weak or absent? Based on original research across 14 communities in Yemen, this paper compares international and Yemeni conceptions of community resilience, explores how local residents assess threats to their communities, and identifies the actors, institutions, and norms that enhance community resilience. We show that parallel institutions—non-state socio-political, cultural, religious and economic networks and practices used to fill governance gaps or bypass state institutions—bolster community resilience through the provision of material, social, and existential resources. Data from the field demonstrate that patronage, kinship and brokerage are three categories of parallel institutions which, alongside civil society organisations (CSOs), play a particularly salient role in sustaining community resilience in Yemen. However, the downsides of parallel institutions—including nepotism, favouritism and further weakening of state legitimacy—pose complex challenges for the donor community and local stakeholders. The further weakening of state institutions will likely lead parallel institutions to play an increasingly salient role, while increasing the burden of providing essential services. AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Erica DeBruin, Joey Huddleston, Chris Gelpi, Gabby Levy, Teri Murphy, Cameron Macaskill, Stacey Philbrick-Yadav, Natalie Romeri-Lewis, and Steve Sharp for their helpful comments.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), ‘Human Development Report 2014: Sustaining Human. Progress: Reducing Vulnerabilities and Building Resilience’, 2014, https://sdgs.un.org/sites/default/files/publications/1789hdr14-report-en-1.pdf.2 Iona Craig, ‘On the ground: Done with dictatorship?’ Index on Censorship 42, no. 3 (2013): 114–116.3 Stephen W. Day, Regionalism and Rebellion in Yemen: A Troubled National Unity (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012).4 Helen Lackner, Yemen in Crisis: Road to War (London: Verso Books, 2019); Becky Carter, “Social Capital in Yemen”. Institute of Development Studies, 23 June 2017, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5975f1b0e5274a2897000012/138-Social-capital-in-Yemen.pdf.5 United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), ‘Humanitarian Response Plan. Yemen’, 25 January 2023, https://reliefweb.int/attachments/d9eed03e-0cab-4010-bb48- 618a2b0ae1aa/Ye_HRP_2023_Final.pdf.6 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), ‘Yemen Country Factsheet 2022’, Jan.-Dec. 2022. https://reporting.unhcr.org/index.php/document/4387.7 It is unclear at the time of writing if the newly formed eight-man Presidential Council announced in April 2022. (requiring President Abd-Rabbu Mansour Hadi to step down) will be able to provide solutions to the fragmentation of political authority.8 ʿAqīls are locally-","PeriodicalId":46267,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies","volume":"39 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135820358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social classes and political Islam: a comparative ecological approach of post-Arab Spring elections in Northern Africa (2011- 2014)","authors":"Gilles Van hamme, Alia Gana","doi":"10.1080/13530194.2022.2079116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2022.2079116","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Starting from the debate on the sociology of political Islam, opposing interpretations centred on identity and on specific class alliances, the paper proposes a comparative analysis of the socio-geographies of mainstream Islamist parties in the post-Arab spring period in Morocco, Tunisia, and Egypt. The paper shows that socio-geographies of political Islam are very pronounced, making unlikely an interpretation of Islamist parties as having a purely non class-based identity. These results challenge the conception of political Islam as a hegemonic ideology among Arab populations, as such an ideology would be built on their cultural heritage, repressed both by colonialism and by post-colonial elites. This conception denies the complexity of modern Arab societies, the importance of minorities, the diversity of social trajectories and the capacity of other movements to penetrate into some deprived rural or urban areas. This analysis neither validates conclusions that political Islam is an alliance between the deprived urban classes and the traditional bourgeoisie politically excluded from the ruling post-colonial classes. Rather, one finding is that the social grounds of Islamists are very dependent on the national contexts.","PeriodicalId":46267,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies","volume":"305 3 1","pages":"1234 - 1254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139315976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Jihadi Salafi threat in Jordan in 2011-2017","authors":"Mohammad Abu Rumman, Moamen Gouda, N. Bondokji","doi":"10.1080/13530194.2022.2080642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2022.2080642","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The number of Jordanian foreign fighters that joined extremist groups in Syria and Iraq since 2011 has drawn attention to the Jihadi Salafi scene in Jordan. This article examines the profiles of 780 Jihadi Salafis who were prosecuted in 2011–2017 on terrorism-related charges by the State Security Court in Jordan. The study attributes the rise of Jihadi Salafism in Jordan to socio-economic relative deprivation. The dissatisfaction of the employed and/or educated with their status explains relative deprivation, which is also an urban central phenomenon in Jordan. However, relative deprivation does not turn into radicalization unless experienced within a closely knit social network. The article concludes that Jihadi Salafism is a middle-class urban and central phenomenon in Jordan, which is likely to continue due to unaddressed frustrations, unmet identity needs, and the social network of radicals.","PeriodicalId":46267,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies","volume":"45 1","pages":"1275 - 1297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blasphemy and apostasy in Islam: debates in Shi’a jurisprudence","authors":"Masoumeh Rad Goudarzi","doi":"10.1080/13530194.2022.2080403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2022.2080403","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46267,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies","volume":"313 1","pages":"1357 - 1359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}