{"title":"Spiritual Exercise in Plotinus: The Deictic Method","authors":"M. Stróżyński","doi":"10.1086/720176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/720176","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to reconstruct a type of spiritual exercise that can be found in Plotinus’ Enneads and which I propose to call the “deictic method.” It differs from a more recognized type of exercise, namely, ascent, because it is based on the nonhierarchical view of reality that can be found in some of Plotinus’ treatises. The framework of the exercise is Plotinus’ belief that the One is already present in the human soul and its consciousness, but remains unnoticed. The deictic exercise, analyzed on the basis of two texts: Enn. 6.5.12 and Enn. 5.5.7–10, is designed to show to the disciple the One as a part of normal, everyday consciousness, which is the ground of everything that exists and makes it knowable.","PeriodicalId":46255,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL PHILOLOGY","volume":"117 1","pages":"495 - 517"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47424586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bed Head: A Note on the Durability (and Subsequent Potential “Reuse”) of Women’s Hairstyles in Antiquity","authors":"Callie Callon","doi":"10.1086/720285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/720285","url":null,"abstract":"Basing her arguments on a modern recreation of women’s elaborate hairstyles worn in ancient Rome, Janet Stephens proposed that such styles were sewn into place, and therefore were durable and comfortable enough to potentially sleep in and wear for successive days. What has been lacking is an ancient attestation to this as actual practice for women in antiquity. I propose that this can be found in Clement of Alexander’s The Instructor. This not only likely demonstrates the veracity of Stephens’ theory, but also has other important implications for the study of female hairstyles. First, this can potentially serve as a welcome corrective to ancient male derogatory rhetoric on the purported excessive time and resources devoted to female hairstyling. Second, this can also perhaps elucidate the lived experience of real women engaged in self-fashioning and the status that was thought to accompany this in antiquity—not only in that such styles may have been available to more women than previously thought, but also in that those who utilized more than one slave to style their hair were showcasing all the more their status, as likely only one attendant was actually required to achieve the desired coiffure.","PeriodicalId":46255,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL PHILOLOGY","volume":"117 1","pages":"542 - 553"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47725165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CLASSICAL PHILOLOGYPub Date : 2022-06-01Epub Date: 2022-03-14DOI: 10.1007/s12630-022-02228-x
Eliane Cristina de Souza Soares, Mrinalini Balki, Kristi Downey, Xiang Y Ye, Jose Carlos A Carvalho
{"title":"Assessment of sensory block during labour epidural analgesia: a prospective cohort study to determine the influence of the direction of testing.","authors":"Eliane Cristina de Souza Soares, Mrinalini Balki, Kristi Downey, Xiang Y Ye, Jose Carlos A Carvalho","doi":"10.1007/s12630-022-02228-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12630-022-02228-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Assessment of sensory block level during labour epidural analgesia is an essential component of clinical practice and patient safety. Nevertheless, the methods and direction of testing are not standardized. In our hospital, sensory block testing to ice is routinely used, but while some anesthesiologists test the block from a nonanesthetized to an anesthetized area, some do it in the opposite direction. It is unknown how these two different practices affect identification of the sensory block level. The objective of this study was to determine the agreement between these two practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 31 patients admitted to the labour and delivery unit in a prospective cohort study. At their request, labour epidural analgesia was performed as per institutional routine. Sensory block level to ice was assessed using opposite directions by two randomly assigned independent investigators, one and two hours after the loading dose was administered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sensory block levels to ice assessed from an anesthetized area to a nonanesthetized area were lower than those when assessed with the stimulus applied in the opposite direction, typically one segment lower.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Given the small difference detected with both methods, it may be acceptable to use either in clinical practice. Nevertheless, the lack of standardization may have a significant impact when comparing studies involving assessment of sensory block to ice.</p><p><strong>Study registration: </strong>www.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong>gov (NCT03572439); registered 28 June 2018.</p>","PeriodicalId":46255,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL PHILOLOGY","volume":"36 1","pages":"750-755"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82346859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Control of the Laws in the Ancient Democracy at Athens","authors":"E. Harris","doi":"10.1353/book.79378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/book.79378","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46255,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL PHILOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48012203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Greek Superpower: Sparta in the Self-Definitions of Athenians. Edited by Paul Cartledge and Anton Powell. Swansea: Classical Press of Wales, 2018. Pp. [x] + 239.","authors":"T. Figueira","doi":"10.1086/720067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/720067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46255,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL PHILOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47344115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Ethics of Revenge and the Meanings of the “Odyssey.” By Alexander C. Loney. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2019. Pp. [xii] + 265.","authors":"B. Beck","doi":"10.1086/719683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/719683","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46255,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL PHILOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44183441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CLASSICAL PHILOLOGYPub Date : 2022-04-12eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1177/23743735221092627
Jane Bradshaw, Nazlee Siddiqui, David Greenfield, Anita Sharma
{"title":"Kindness, Listening, and Connection: Patient and Clinician Key Requirements for Emotional Support in Chronic and Complex Care.","authors":"Jane Bradshaw, Nazlee Siddiqui, David Greenfield, Anita Sharma","doi":"10.1177/23743735221092627","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23743735221092627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emotional support for patients is critical for achieving person-centered care. However, the literature evidences an ongoing challenge in embedding emotional support within current health services. This study aimed to investigate the strategies to embed emotional support from the perspectives of patients and clinicians. This is an exploratory qualitative study that collected data through focus group discussions (FGDs) and interviews from 11 patients, 2 carers, and 7 clinicians in the multi-disciplinary care teams in an outpatient complex and chronic care setting in New South Wales, Australia. The FGDs and interviews were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed. Three main themes emerged from the experience of both the patients and clinicians: (1) warmth and kindness, (2) deep listening, and (3) social connection in the process of treatment. Clinicians' and patients' shared experience of these themes was key to embed emotional support in care. Practical strategies including promoting shared understanding of emotional support, enhancing provider's capability to deliver emotional support, and building patient's networking opportunities in treatment processes were discussed to facilitate emotional support in patient care and health services.</p>","PeriodicalId":46255,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL PHILOLOGY","volume":"25 1","pages":"23743735221092627"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9008851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82335025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heralds and Messengers: Character Identity and Function in Greek Tragedy","authors":"Florence Yoon","doi":"10.1086/718685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/718685","url":null,"abstract":"The term “messenger” is generally used in the discussion of Greek tragedy to identify an anonymous character who reports offstage events. Yet “messenger” is not a fixed identifier, to be used in parallel with character names, but a description of a fluid conventional function, best compared with terms such as “prologue-speaker.” By contrasting the messenger with the related figure of the herald we can more clearly articulate the distinction between a character’s in-world identity and his extra-dramatic function. This more specific usage is supported by the language of the plays, and its usefulness is demonstrated through a study of Sophocles’ Trachiniae.","PeriodicalId":46255,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL PHILOLOGY","volume":"117 1","pages":"364 - 385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44176597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extrametrical ΝΑΙ and ΕΙΕΝ in Greek Tragedy","authors":"James T. Clark","doi":"10.1086/718780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/718780","url":null,"abstract":"This note examines all extrametrical occurrences of the phatic interjections ναί and εἶἑν in Greek tragedy. It first establishes that it is likely that extrametrical interjections were followed by a pause in delivery, that it is unusual for phatic interjections to be separated from the discourse in this way, and that the tragedians probably had some particular effect in mind when placing these words extra metrum. The ten passages are then examined in turn, and interpretations of the significance of the pauses are offered.","PeriodicalId":46255,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL PHILOLOGY","volume":"117 1","pages":"399 - 410"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45888691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sophocles Electra 1050–57 and the Pragmatics of Tragic Exits","authors":"M. Catrambone","doi":"10.1086/718802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/718802","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues for the authenticity of Sophocles Electra 1050–54, deleted in Lloyd-Jones and Wilson’s and Finglass’ editions. After a refutation of scholars’ earlier objections (including Stobaeus’ misleading attribution of 1050–51 to Sophocles’ Phaedra), two substantive arguments are advanced in favor of their retention: (1) in terms of scenic grammar, if 1050–54 were removed, Chrysothemis’ exit would be ineptly unnoticed, in contradiction with Sophocles’ usual handling of exits; (2) in terms of conversation analysis, 1050–54 replicate a pre-patterned sequence ubiquitously found in tragedy to terminate rapid dialogues when exits are involved, whereas their absence would make the closing unjustifiably abrupt.","PeriodicalId":46255,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL PHILOLOGY","volume":"117 1","pages":"303 - 323"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49165037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}