REVIEW OF METAPHYSICS最新文献

{"title":"Theories of Emotion: Expressing, Feeling, Acting by Pia CAMPEGGIANI (review)","authors":"Sabrina B. Little","doi":"10.1353/rvm.2023.a906815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/rvm.2023.a906815","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Theories of Emotion: Expressing, Feeling, Acting by Pia CAMPEGGIANI Sabrina B. Little CAMPEGGIANI, Pia. Theories of Emotion: Expressing, Feeling, Acting. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2023. xiv + 199 pp. Cloth, $80.89; paper, $21.60 In Theories of Emotion, Pia Campeggiani provides a philosophical introduction to the emotions. The book is multidisciplinary and empirically informed. It is organized around three “groundbreaking intuitions” of emotion theory—(1) expression, (2) subjectivity, and (3) action. Each section corresponds to a different thinker—Charles Darwin, William James, and John Dewey, respectively—and each section concludes with a discussion of relevant debates. This book is outstanding. It is clearly written, well organized, and impressive in its scope. In what follows, I outline key ideas and raise questions generated by each section, then conclude with general reflections on the text. Campeggiani begins with the “scandal” of emotion research: There is no agreement about what an emotion is. In part, this lack of consensus is due to the imprecise ways we employ concepts like feelings, emotions, affect, and passions in ordinary discourse. In part, it is due to empirical difficulties. For example, Campeggiani describes how implicit assumptions and a forced-choice format compromised an experiment about expression universality. Additionally, Campeggiani points out that the category “emotions” has an internal structure that lacks clear-cut boundaries. There are paradigmatic examples of emotions, such as fear and anger, but there are also ambiguous phenomena, such as respect and modesty, which we may or may not recognize as such. Throughout the text, Campeggiani introduces and evaluates numerous accounts of emotions, drawing our attention to the strengths, limitations, and empirical adequacy of each. Part 1 begins with Charles Darwin’s contributions to emotion theory—an emphasis on the biological origins of emotions and a focus on expression. This section examines emotions in connection to adaptive fitness, exploring phenomena such as blushing when we are ashamed and the biological bases of emotions. A highlight of this section is an exploration of the social or communicative character of the emotions, which Darwin described as “only a secondary effect” of expression. Campeggiani examines emotional contagion and imitation, as well as the [End Page 141] phenomenon of feeling more pain when we express pain on our faces. There is also a rich discussion about constructionism as an alternative to basic emotions theory. Part 2 opens with William James on subjective experience. Campeggiani describes the limitations of James’s position—of understanding emotions to be reducible to feelings. For starters, this position is not empirically well supported. Campeggiani cites Walter Cannon’s observation that “many of the autonomic changes that are symptomatic of a given emotion can also occur in its absence.” Additionally, James fails to ","PeriodicalId":46225,"journal":{"name":"REVIEW OF METAPHYSICS","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135255313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Living Philosophy of Edith Stein by Peter TYLER (review)","authors":"Robert McNamara","doi":"10.1353/rvm.2023.a906827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/rvm.2023.a906827","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: The Living Philosophy of Edith Stein by Peter TYLER Robert McNamara TYLER, Peter. The Living Philosophy of Edith Stein. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2023. xvi + 237 pp. Cloth, $115.00 Among contemporary Christian thinkers the figure of Edith Stein looms large, both because of her remarkable life as a Jewish convert and Christian martyr, and because of her uncommon philosophical journey from phenomenology to metaphysics—without leaving phenomenology behind. In The Living Philosophy of the Edith Stein, marshaling resources of psychology, Peter Tyler provides a novel guide through Stein’s life and thought by drawing her into dialogue with Friedrich Nietzsche, Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and [End Page 164] Ludwig Wittgenstein, among others. Comprised of eight chapters in two parts, Tyler discusses the Husserlian inspiration of Stein’s philosophy and her exposition of the problem of empathy, the necessary anthropological foundation of all psychologies—whether Freudian, Jungian, or Christian—and her development of an involved anthropology centered on the soul, and the influence of the spiritual writings of St. John of the Cross on her later thought and her integrity as a philosopher who presents a genuine living philosophy. Tyler opens the book with a prologue detailing the rationale behind his choice of Stein for a study of the nature and life of the soul—a predominating area of research for him—since he discovers in Stein a faithful guide to the uniqueness of the person and inspiration for living a truly soulful life (ein seelisches Leben). Chapter 1 provides those new to Stein with an overview of her life through the lens of her personal empathetic abilities, before moving on in chapter 2 to a discussion of the Husserlian foundations of her thought in the phenomenological revolution of the early part of the twentieth century. Taking Husserl’s last work (Die Krisis der europäischen Wissenschaften und die transzendentale Phänomenologie: Eine Einleitung in die phänomenologische Philosophie) as his focal point, Tyler presents an outline of the phenomenological method for those unfamiliar, highlighting its particular interests and peculiar significance as well as its inspiration in and responsivity to the thought of René Descartes and Immanuel Kant. In chapters 3 through 5 we get a presentation of the distinctiveness of Stein’s understanding of the soul, an understanding (finally) grounded in the anthropology of the Christian tradition yet informed by her use of the phenomenological method and general interest in the developing discipline of psychology. Here Tyler begins by detailing the implication of Stein’s understanding of empathy for the field of philosophy and the foundations of philosophical psychology, and he proceeds by bringing Stein’s philosophical-psychological insights into conversation with Nietzsche, Freud, and Jung. In both areas, Tyler shows how Stein’s critical synthesis of all she encounters furnishes her with a unique abili","PeriodicalId":46225,"journal":{"name":"REVIEW OF METAPHYSICS","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135255320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Nature in Early Franciscan Thought: Philosophical Background and Theological Significance by Lydia SCHUMACHER (review)","authors":"John Marshall Diamond","doi":"10.1353/rvm.2023.a906825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/rvm.2023.a906825","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46225,"journal":{"name":"REVIEW OF METAPHYSICS","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135255319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Philosophy: On Retrieving a Lost Disciplinary Imaginary by Alister E. McGRATH (review)","authors":"Jack Zupko","doi":"10.1353/rvm.2023.a906823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/rvm.2023.a906823","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46225,"journal":{"name":"REVIEW OF METAPHYSICS","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135255323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hegel and the Problem of Beginning: Scepticism and Presuppositionlessness by Robb DUNPHY (review)","authors":"J. M. Fritzman","doi":"10.1353/rvm.2023.a906816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/rvm.2023.a906816","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46225,"journal":{"name":"REVIEW OF METAPHYSICS","volume":"307 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135255310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The State by Philip PETTIT (review)","authors":"Steven B. Smith","doi":"10.1353/rvm.2023.a906824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/rvm.2023.a906824","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46225,"journal":{"name":"REVIEW OF METAPHYSICS","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135255309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Philosophical Abstracts","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/rvm.2023.a906829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/rvm.2023.a906829","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46225,"journal":{"name":"REVIEW OF METAPHYSICS","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135255317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sport Realism: A Law-Inspired Theory of Sport by Aaron HARPER (review)","authors":"Tim Elcombe","doi":"10.1353/rvm.2023.a906818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/rvm.2023.a906818","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46225,"journal":{"name":"REVIEW OF METAPHYSICS","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135255318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the World Holistically: Heidegger’s Practical Philosophy and the Rethinking of Transcendentality","authors":"Niall Keane","doi":"10.1353/rvm.2023.a906814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/rvm.2023.a906814","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: For Heidegger, world is constitutively bound up with human being’s way of being. Yet after Being and Time he criticizes an excessively one-sided pragmatic reading of his concept of world, insisting that world is more than a referential totality of use involvements, tools, or existential projections. This article examines how Heidegger’s phenomenological analysis should be understood to promote both a practical orientation as well as a more transcendental dimension. The centrality of praxis in Heidegger’s work will not be contested. What will be explored is whether what Heidegger calls “worldliness” or the “phenomenon of world” can be reduced to contexts of use relations or social practices and projects. The argument is made that world, for Heidegger, should be understood as an open space of meaning emergence through which diverse activities, some of which are practical, first become accessible to the human being. The claim will be advanced that world is more than the human being’s disclosive understanding and that an overly pragmatic interpretation circumvents the surpassive dimension of world.","PeriodicalId":46225,"journal":{"name":"REVIEW OF METAPHYSICS","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135255321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Commonwealth of Hope: Augustine’s Political Thought by Michael LAMB (review)","authors":"Michael J. S. Bruno","doi":"10.1353/rvm.2023.a906821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/rvm.2023.a906821","url":null,"abstract":"well their ontologies and lexicons served human, social goals. Given the meaningfulness of such comparisons and evaluations, Kuhn denies that this decidedly pragmatist take on scientific progress implies relativism about its objectivity. And he insists that “the truth-value game” remains essential but only within lexicons (and commensurable counterparts) where claims to truth retain their significance. My own “space limits” have made it necessary to touch on just a few of the many philosophically rich ideas in The Last Writings of Thomas S. Kuhn. Especially with Mladenović’s helpful commentary as guide, the works contained in this collection succeed in presenting the “extension in both scope and depth” demanded by Structure. Kuhn’s more careful and thorough explorations in these final works lead to important nuances and modifications of his views, confirming the publisher’s claim that this is indeed a “must-read follow up” to Structure.—Jonah N. Schupbach, University of Utah","PeriodicalId":46225,"journal":{"name":"REVIEW OF METAPHYSICS","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135255316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}