Global SocietyPub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/13600826.2021.1948393
Yuji Uesugi, Oliver P. Richmond
{"title":"Reconstructing the International Peace Architecture in the Asian Century","authors":"Yuji Uesugi, Oliver P. Richmond","doi":"10.1080/13600826.2021.1948393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600826.2021.1948393","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 This introductory paper for the special issue on Reconstructing the International Peace Architecture (IPA) in the Asian Century outlines the background to, the objective and the scope of, and the key contributions of the special issue. A fundamental problem that each contributor has underlined is the inability of the existing IPA to effectively cope with emerging counter-peace challenges in the face of the rise of Asian powers and the global geopolitical rivalry. This special issue seeks to address the following questions: (1) how would the rise of Asian powers affect global power's framing of peace, and its international and local hybridity within the IPA; (2) how might the interests of the Global North, Emerging Powers, and the Global South be addressed simultaneously or be integrated with the IPA; and (3) how global institutions such as the United Nations might incorporate non-Western values, customs, norms and standards into their doctrines and practices of peacebuilding? This paper offers some speculations about peacebuilding, statebuilding and development assistance in the new international relations in which China plays a major role.","PeriodicalId":46197,"journal":{"name":"Global Society","volume":"35 1","pages":"419 - 434"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47677441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global SocietyPub Date : 2021-08-27DOI: 10.1080/13600826.2021.1970516
Takumi Shibaike, W. Wong, Sarah S. Stroup, Alfred Oduro
{"title":"The Stories They Tell: What INGO Mission Statements Reveal about their Authority","authors":"Takumi Shibaike, W. Wong, Sarah S. Stroup, Alfred Oduro","doi":"10.1080/13600826.2021.1970516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600826.2021.1970516","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT International nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) play an increasingly important role in global governance. Without coercive capacities, INGOs must build their authority to be heard, and ideally, influential in global governance. However, we know little about how INGOs build and defend their authority in practice. We argue that mission statements characterise how INGOs make authority claims to their audiences. Drawing on existing research on INGOs and global governance, we identify five dimensions of authority: accountability, representativeness, effectiveness, legality, and universal morality. We analyse the mission statements of 11 leading INGOs (high status) and 46 other INGOs (low status) from 2003 and 2013. We find that leading INGOs are more likely to emphasise accountability and legality while other INGOs are more likely to highlight representativeness. Our findings open up an exciting research agenda to study how authority relationships are constructed in global civil society.","PeriodicalId":46197,"journal":{"name":"Global Society","volume":"37 1","pages":"23 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42684825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global SocietyPub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.1080/13600826.2021.1942803
Yuji Uesugi, Oliver P. Richmond
{"title":"The Western International Peace Architecture and the Emergence of the Eastphalian Peace","authors":"Yuji Uesugi, Oliver P. Richmond","doi":"10.1080/13600826.2021.1942803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600826.2021.1942803","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article explores the nexus between the International Peace Architecture (IPA) and the Eastphalian Peace. The IPA subsumes ideas, norms, legal frameworks and institutions established for the purpose of maintaining international peace. The Eastphalian Peace encompasses phenomena associated with the rise of Asian powers such as China and India in their efforts to maintain or reform the IPA to meet the challenges of peacebuilding, statebuilding and development assistance in the twenty-first century. This article examines the contributions made by China and India to the IPA and analyses how the emergence of the Eastphalian Peace would impact on Stage Six of the IPA which is supposed to connect Peace with Global Justice (PGJ).","PeriodicalId":46197,"journal":{"name":"Global Society","volume":"35 1","pages":"435 - 455"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600826.2021.1942803","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46538597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global SocietyPub Date : 2021-06-29DOI: 10.1080/13600826.2021.1947783
Olusola Ogunnubi, Oladotun E. Awosusi
{"title":"Nigeria’s ‘Border Diplomacy’: Rhetoric or Substance for Regional Hegemonic Leadership?","authors":"Olusola Ogunnubi, Oladotun E. Awosusi","doi":"10.1080/13600826.2021.1947783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600826.2021.1947783","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Following independence in 1960, Nigeria intentionally crafted a ‘big brother' honorific title for itself inspired by a Pan-Africanist Afrocentric ideology which it pursues through altruistic sharing of its human, military and economic resources. Successive governments have internalized this Africa-focused foreign policy thrust to establish a putative regional influence in Africa. However, despite belatedly signing the African Continental Free Trade Agreement which seeks to increase intra-African trade and introducing a novel visa-on-arrival policy for African passport holders, the porosity of Nigeria's boundaries continues to pose a threat and has led to the closure of land borders with its West African neighbours in August 2019. This article examines the implications of Nigeria's schizophrenic ‘border diplomacy' for its continental leadership and argues that the substance and rhetoric of the country's border diplomacy represent a foreign policy interest which prioritizes its people, economy and national security while normatively extending Nigeria’s hegemonic leadership in Africa.","PeriodicalId":46197,"journal":{"name":"Global Society","volume":"36 1","pages":"562 - 577"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600826.2021.1947783","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41859506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global SocietyPub Date : 2021-06-21DOI: 10.1080/13600826.2021.1942800
B. Howe
{"title":"Challenges to and Opportunities for International Organisation in East Asia","authors":"B. Howe","doi":"10.1080/13600826.2021.1942800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600826.2021.1942800","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Declarations of a “New World Order”, and the “end of history”, formed part of the optimism that, with the end of the Cold War, international organisation as a process, and international organisations (IOs), the physical manifestations of this process, held promise as never before for the provision of international peace and security. Yet East Asia was missing out. With ongoing ideological divides, deep historical mistrust, territorial conflicts, and jealous defence of sovereign state prerogatives, it seemed that the region was doomed to be an exception. Three decades later, despite the proliferation of IOs, East Asian exceptionalism persists. This paper, therefore, assesses why the peace and security-generating function of international organisation has proven so difficult to manifest in East Asia, what hope there may be for progress, and the prospects of several of the main candidate organisations.","PeriodicalId":46197,"journal":{"name":"Global Society","volume":"35 1","pages":"501 - 521"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600826.2021.1942800","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46257659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global SocietyPub Date : 2021-06-19DOI: 10.1080/13600826.2021.1942798
Joanne Wallis
{"title":"It’s the Little Things: The Role of International Interveners in the Social (re)Construction of the International Peace Architecture","authors":"Joanne Wallis","doi":"10.1080/13600826.2021.1942798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600826.2021.1942798","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Much peace and conflict scholarship groups individual international interveners together as ‘the international’, treating them more as an ideational structure – the international peace architecture – than as individual agents. This article brings foreign policy analysis scholarship into conversation with constructivist scholarship to propose analytical questions that can be used to study the role that individual international interveners play in socially constructing the international peace architecture. It proposes questions at both the micro scale of individual international interveners and the meso scale of the international peace architecture, that is, the organisations that make peacebuilding policy and practice peacebuilding work. Analysis guided by these questions could inform future considerations of what peacebuilding means, who is a suitable candidate for performing peacebuilding work, the way that peacebuilding is practiced, and ultimately on the security of the conflict-affected populations in which peacebuilding interventions are conducted.","PeriodicalId":46197,"journal":{"name":"Global Society","volume":"35 1","pages":"456 - 478"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600826.2021.1942798","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41464631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global SocietyPub Date : 2021-06-19DOI: 10.1080/13600826.2021.1942802
K. Wong
{"title":"The Rise of China’s Developmental Peace: Can an Economic Approach to Peacebuilding Create Sustainable Peace?","authors":"K. Wong","doi":"10.1080/13600826.2021.1942802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600826.2021.1942802","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The rise of China’s international peace activities has brought new challenges to the notion and practice of peacebuilding. China employs a style of “developmental peace” in the developing countries of Asia and Africa. Developmental peace prioritises economic development without introducing change to the local government. This raises the question of whether or not a focus on economic development can create sustainable peace in post-conflict societies. We are in a transition period where China is leading a new style of peacebuilding. China, dissatisfied with the current norms in international peace, is trying to challenge and contest Western-dominated norms of peacebuilding. The question is, can China’s style of focusing mainly on addressing economic underdevelopment create sustainable peace in post-conflict societies?","PeriodicalId":46197,"journal":{"name":"Global Society","volume":"35 1","pages":"522 - 540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600826.2021.1942802","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47216552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global SocietyPub Date : 2021-06-18DOI: 10.1080/13600826.2021.1942799
Dahlia Simangan
{"title":"Reflexive Peacebuilding: Lessons from the Anthropocene Discourse","authors":"Dahlia Simangan","doi":"10.1080/13600826.2021.1942799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600826.2021.1942799","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper introduces and develops the concept of “reflexive peacebuilding”. Peacebuilding has been conceptualised using different theoretical frameworks and operationalised across various levels of governance. This paper re-conceptualises peacebuilding in the context of the growing discourse on the Anthropocene. Drawing on the work of John S. Dryzek and Jonathan Pickering (2019. The Politics of the Anthropocene. Oxford: Oxford University Press) on reflexivity in the Anthropocene, this paper locates the “pathological path dependency” of international peacebuilding and the need for reflexive peacebuilding institutions across the agency, time, and space of peace formation. It specifically examines the United Nations peacebuilding architecture to identify the path dependency and potential for reflexivity of its institutions and practices. The discussion in this paper aims to contribute to recommendations for restructuring the international peacebuilding architecture and re-affirming its relevance to the evolving peace requirements of post-conflict societies, especially in the context of the Anthropocene.","PeriodicalId":46197,"journal":{"name":"Global Society","volume":"35 1","pages":"479 - 500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600826.2021.1942799","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43124291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global SocietyPub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1080/13600826.2021.1942801
Carolijn van Noort
{"title":"The Aesthetic Power of Ships in International Political Communication: Why Ships Matter in China’s Communication of the Maritime Silk Road Initiative","authors":"Carolijn van Noort","doi":"10.1080/13600826.2021.1942801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600826.2021.1942801","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article argues that closer attention to the objects visualised in China's international political communication of the Maritime Silk Road Initiative (MSRI) will add new knowledge of China's global media strategies. Particularly, it contends that the creation of specific visual depictions of ships carries great significance in China's strategic narratives of the MSRI. The argument suggests that these visuals help Beijing to legitimise their maritime transport and foreign investments in ports as part of a liberal agenda and to forge its maritime identity as a peaceful trading country with historical roots. This approach is based on the premise that ships in international political communication have aesthetic power. Greater understanding of the social and compositional modalities of ships in China's communication provides valuable insights into how China tries to legitimise the MSRI, but also the complexity for China to avoid aesthetic vulnerability considering the existence of competing (visual) narratives.","PeriodicalId":46197,"journal":{"name":"Global Society","volume":"36 1","pages":"516 - 537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600826.2021.1942801","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43231795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global SocietyPub Date : 2021-05-13DOI: 10.1080/13600826.2021.1924123
G. Lowery
{"title":"Constructing Continuity: The Discursive Construction of the Great Crash of 2008–2009 as a Non-crisis of Neoliberalism","authors":"G. Lowery","doi":"10.1080/13600826.2021.1924123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600826.2021.1924123","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Why, despite being contextualised alongside the Great Depression of the 1930s and inflation and growth crisis of the 1970s, did the Great Crash of 2008–2009 not exert a similarly transformative dynamic in dominant, neoliberal, economic ideas? Drawing on an agent-centred constructivism stressing the centrality of crisis construction and narration, yet with particular emphasis placed upon the incorporation of strategic processes of framing, this article provides fresh insights into the means by which key actors exercise their agency in attempts to ensure continuing adherence to, rather than fundamentally transforming, the status quo. This is explored with reference to macroeconomic policy assumptions in the IMF, an instance which provided all the pre-conditions for a widely interpreted moment of crisis, yet which nevertheless resulted in untransformed ideas and structures.","PeriodicalId":46197,"journal":{"name":"Global Society","volume":"36 1","pages":"496 - 515"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600826.2021.1924123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48965421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}