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Swiss Journal of Psychology最新文献

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The Impact of Regulatory Focus on Challenge and Threat 监管对挑战和威胁的影响
IF 0.8
Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2016-03-22 DOI: 10.15496/PUBLIKATION-15928
K. Sassenberg, C. Sassenrath
{"title":"The Impact of Regulatory Focus on Challenge and Threat","authors":"K. Sassenberg, C. Sassenrath","doi":"10.15496/PUBLIKATION-15928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15496/PUBLIKATION-15928","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Research has shown that feelings of threat elicit a prevention focus and feelings of challenge elicit a promotion focus. The present research tested the reverse causal relationship. We predicted that, when people are faced with a demanding task, they experience more challenge and less threat if they are in a promotion focus as compared to a prevention focus because having a promotion focus results in the perception of having more resources than a prevention focus does. In two studies assessing or manipulating regulatory focus, respectively, we found the expected effect on challenge and threat as well as the mediation of this effect via perceived resources. The relationships between regulatory focus and challenge and threat are discussed.","PeriodicalId":46193,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","volume":"75 1","pages":"91-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2016-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67152679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Controlled Motivational Orientation and Prejudice: The Mediating Role of Dehumanization 控制动机取向与偏见:非人性化的中介作用
IF 0.8
Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2016-03-22 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/A000171
Kyriaki Fousiani, Panayiota Dimitropoulou, M. Michaelides
{"title":"Controlled Motivational Orientation and Prejudice: The Mediating Role of Dehumanization","authors":"Kyriaki Fousiani, Panayiota Dimitropoulou, M. Michaelides","doi":"10.1024/1421-0185/A000171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/A000171","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This research investigates the effect of controlled versus autonomous motivation on intergroup relations. Two studies were conducted: Study 1 (N = 152 Greek Cypriot undergraduate students) showed that controlled motivational orientation, measured as a personality variable, was related to more prejudicial beliefs toward outgroups, lower intrinsic motives for contact, less desire for contact, and less actual contact with outgroups. Study 2 (N = 93 Greek Cypriot undergraduate students) experimentally replicated the findings of Study 1, revealing that controlled motivation, manipulated as a social/situational variable, was related to a higher level of prejudice toward outgroups, less intrinsic motives for contact with outgroups, and less desire for contact with outgroups. Most importantly, these relationships were mediated by dehumanization (i.e., denial of uniquely human traits) of the outgroup. The findings highlight the role of interpersonal control as an important factor determining the quality ...","PeriodicalId":46193,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","volume":"75 1","pages":"97-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2016-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57225614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Associations between interpersonal relationships and negative affect in adolescents: An Experience Sampling Study on the Role of Trait Coping 青少年人际关系与负性情绪的关系:特质应对作用的经验抽样研究
IF 0.8
Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2016-03-22 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/A000172
H. Lennarz, E. Roekel, E. Kuntsche, A. Lichtwarck-Aschoff, Tom Hollenstein, R. Engels, I. Granic
{"title":"Associations between interpersonal relationships and negative affect in adolescents: An Experience Sampling Study on the Role of Trait Coping","authors":"H. Lennarz, E. Roekel, E. Kuntsche, A. Lichtwarck-Aschoff, Tom Hollenstein, R. Engels, I. Granic","doi":"10.1024/1421-0185/A000172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/A000172","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Previous studies focused mostly on predicting the adjustment of adolescents based on distinct coping strategies. However, people generally do not use only one coping strategy, but rather select from a repertoire of coping strategies. This study aimed to identify these repertoires by categorizing adolescents by the coping strategies they use and by examining whether these typologies moderate the well-established relationship between negative affect and interpersonal relationships (e.g., close, acquaintances, alone). The experience sampling method (ESM) was used to assess negative affect and the interpersonal relationships of 280 adolescents (Mage = 14.19, SDage = .54; 59% girls) at nine randomly chosen times on six consecutive days. Coping strategies were measured with a questionnaire prior to ESM. Latent profile analysis revealed two profiles: passive copers and active copers. Furthermore, all participants reported less negative affect when they were with people with whom they had close interper...","PeriodicalId":46193,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","volume":"75 1","pages":"71-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2016-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57225621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Do Ambiguous Normative Ingroup Members Increase Tolerance for Deviants 模棱两可的规范群体成员会增加对越轨者的容忍度吗
IF 0.8
Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2016-01-19 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/A000170
Ana C. Leite, Isabel R. Pinto, J. Marques
{"title":"Do Ambiguous Normative Ingroup Members Increase Tolerance for Deviants","authors":"Ana C. Leite, Isabel R. Pinto, J. Marques","doi":"10.1024/1421-0185/A000170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/A000170","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Subjective group dynamics theory (Marques, Paez, & Abrams, 1998) proposes that deviant ingroup members who threaten the positive value of the group members’ social identity are evaluated negatively. In an experiment, we investigated whether group members evaluate deviant ingroup members less negatively when the normative member’s commitment to the ingroup is ambiguous. Participants evaluated one normative and one deviant ingroup or outgroup member. Two conditions were contrasted, in which the normative target showed high versus low commitment to the group. As predicted, the participants evaluated deviant ingroup targets more negatively and normative ingroup targets more positively than their respective outgroup counterparts – but only when the normative member’s commitment to the ingroup was unambiguous. When presented with a normative member with ambiguous commitment, the deviant ingroup member was evaluated less negatively. We discuss these results in light of subjective group dynamics theory.","PeriodicalId":46193,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","volume":"75 1","pages":"47-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2016-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57225603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Effect of political orientation on judgment of agency, competence, morality, and sociability: The French presidential election of 2012 政治取向对代理、能力、道德和社交性判断的影响:2012年法国总统选举
IF 0.8
Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2016-01-19 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/A000169
A. Mignon, P. Mollaret, O. Rohmer, C. Bagès
{"title":"Effect of political orientation on judgment of agency, competence, morality, and sociability: The French presidential election of 2012","authors":"A. Mignon, P. Mollaret, O. Rohmer, C. Bagès","doi":"10.1024/1421-0185/A000169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/A000169","url":null,"abstract":"This study tested the effect of voter’s political orientation on the importance they placed on agency, competence, morality, and sociability as qualities required for being President of the French Republic. It furthermore assessed the participants’ judgments of the five main candidates of the French Presidential Election of 2012 on those dimensions. The results showed that, compared to left-wing voters, right-wing voters placed greater importance on agency and less importance on morality and sociability as qualities required for being president. Right-wing voters differentiated between candidates with respect to agency more than competence, whereas the reverse pattern was observed for left-wing voters. Voters differentiated between candidates with respect to morality as much as sociability. Finally, the participants’ ratings of candidates showed a partisan effect: Left-wing voters rated left-wing candidates as being more competent, moral, and sociable, the same being true of right-wing candidates by right-wing voters. Ratings of candidates’ agentic qualities were less dependent on the voter’s political orientation. These data provide support for how people perceived qualities necessary for being President in France.","PeriodicalId":46193,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","volume":"75 1","pages":"35-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2016-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57226041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The Look of Fear from the Eyes Varies with the Dynamic Sequence of Facial Actions 恐惧的眼神随着面部动作的动态顺序而变化
IF 0.8
Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2016-01-19 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/A000166
Eva G. Krumhuber, K. Scherer
{"title":"The Look of Fear from the Eyes Varies with the Dynamic Sequence of Facial Actions","authors":"Eva G. Krumhuber, K. Scherer","doi":"10.1024/1421-0185/A000166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/A000166","url":null,"abstract":"Most research on the ability to interpret expressions from the eyes has utilized static information. This research investigates whether the dynamic sequence of facial actions in the eye region influences the judgments of perceivers. Dynamic fear expressions involving the eye region and eyebrows were created which systematically differed in the sequential occurrence of facial actions. Participants rated the intensity of sequential fear expressions, either in addition to a simultaneous, full-blown expression (Experiment 1) or in combination with different levels of eye gaze (Experiment 2). The results showed that the degree of attributed emotion and the appraisal ratings differed as a function of the sequence of facial expressions of fear, with direct gaze resulting in stronger subjective responses. The findings challenge current notions surrounding the study of static facial displays from the eyes and suggest that emotion perception is a dynamic process shaped by the time course of the facial actions of an expression. Possible implications for the field of affective computing and clinical research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":46193,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","volume":"75 1","pages":"5-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2016-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57225600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Self-Reported Compliance with Traffic Rules in a Sample of Iranian Preschoolers 伊朗学龄前儿童自我报告遵守交通规则的情况
IF 0.8
Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2016-01-19 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/A000168
Z. Tabibi, Fatemeh Grayeli, Mohammad Saeid AbdeKhodaei
{"title":"Self-Reported Compliance with Traffic Rules in a Sample of Iranian Preschoolers","authors":"Z. Tabibi, Fatemeh Grayeli, Mohammad Saeid AbdeKhodaei","doi":"10.1024/1421-0185/A000168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/A000168","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Traffic injuries represent an important danger to children’s health. Safe traffic behavior requires both perceptual and cognitive abilities as well as compliance with traffic rules. The present study examines the relationship between knowledge of traffic rules, perception of traffic danger, moral judgment, self-regulation, and compliance with traffic rules among preschool children. It also examined gender differences across the study variables. A sample of 100 children aged 3–6 years participated in the study. Knowledge of traffic rules, perception of danger, and compliance with rules were assessed by interviewing each child using photos of traffic situations. Two components of self-regulation – impulse control and following an adult’s directions – were assessed using the Tower Task, the Tower Clean Up Task, and the Toy Sorting Task from the Preschool Self-Regulation Assessment. Moral judgment was assessed using Piaget’s task of stealing/clumsiness. Significant positive relationships among knowl...","PeriodicalId":46193,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","volume":"75 1","pages":"25-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2016-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57225201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Social Asymmetries and Anonymity in Dyadic Computer-Mediated Communication 二元计算机媒介传播中的社会不对称与匿名性
IF 0.8
Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2016-01-19 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/A000167
Jérôme Guegan, Pascal Moliner, L. Milland
{"title":"Social Asymmetries and Anonymity in Dyadic Computer-Mediated Communication","authors":"Jérôme Guegan, Pascal Moliner, L. Milland","doi":"10.1024/1421-0185/A000167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/A000167","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This research concerns the influence of dominant/dominated asymmetries in the perceptual structure of social categories in computer-mediated communication (CMC). We explore the connection between the cognitive effects described by the social identity model of deindividuation effects (SIDE) and the impact on perceptions of the asymmetrical status that characterizes gender groups. The study analyzes the gender perception of two interlocutors in a communication context of anonymity or visibility. The experiment was based on a standardized protocol designed to control the various declarative contents expressed during the communication. Eighty-eight participants were placed in a CMC situation with a confederate of the opposite sex. We manipulated visibility and anonymity through interlocutors’ names (provided vs. withheld) and the presence or absence of a webcam in the communication situation. In accordance with our predictions, the results suggest that gender asymmetry can modulate the cognitive eff...","PeriodicalId":46193,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","volume":"75 1","pages":"15-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2016-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57225151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The Facilitating Effect of Need-Supportive Parenting on the Change Rate and Adaptation of Dual Autonomy Among Taiwanese Adolescents 需求支持型父母教养对台湾青少年双重自主的变化率及适应之促进作用
IF 0.8
Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2015-09-24 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/A000161
Chih‐Wen Wu, N. Guo, Y. Hsieh, Kuang‐Hui Yeh
{"title":"The Facilitating Effect of Need-Supportive Parenting on the Change Rate and Adaptation of Dual Autonomy Among Taiwanese Adolescents","authors":"Chih‐Wen Wu, N. Guo, Y. Hsieh, Kuang‐Hui Yeh","doi":"10.1024/1421-0185/A000161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/A000161","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Two empirical studies were conducted to test the facilitating effect of need-supportive parenting (NSP) on Taiwanese adolescents’ individuating autonomy (IA) and relating autonomy (RA) as well as to investigate the mediating effect of IA and RA on the relationship between NSP and adaptation. Study 1 adopted a cross-sectional design and found that (1) NSP was positively related to adolescents’ IA and RA capacity; and (2) the positive effects of NSP on intrapersonal adaptation (i.e., self-esteem and happiness) and interpersonal adaptation (i.e., empathy and reciprocal filial piety) were superiorly mediated by IA and RA, respectively. Study 2 used a longitudinal design and added negative criteria (i.e., anxiety and depression for intrapersonal maladaptation, and hostility and delinquent behavior for interpersonal maladaptation). Hierarchical linear modeling analyses indicated that (1) NSP not only positively contributed to Taiwanese adolescents’ IA and RA, but also facilitated the change rate of IA...","PeriodicalId":46193,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","volume":"74 1","pages":"181-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2015-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57225482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
When The “Why” Makes You Socially Useful 当“为什么”让你对社会有用时
IF 0.8
Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2015-09-24 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/A000162
J. Mange, C. Sénémeaud, A. Somat
{"title":"When The “Why” Makes You Socially Useful","authors":"J. Mange, C. Sénémeaud, A. Somat","doi":"10.1024/1421-0185/A000162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/A000162","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This research investigates whether higher-level act identities, which indicate why one is performing a given action or the effects it will have, is more socially valued than lower-level act identities, which indicate how one performs the action. We investigated this question using three complementary paradigms involving self-presentation (Study 1, N = 39), identification (Study 2, N = 79), and a judge (Study 3, N = 63), respectively. Overall, we found that higher-level act identities met with greater social approval. In Studies 2 and 3, we found that higher-level act identities were valued because of their social utility and not associated with social desirability. We discuss the benefits of using a normative approach for understanding action identification processes and the effect of social pressure on endorsements of higher-level act identities.","PeriodicalId":46193,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":"197-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2015-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57225493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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