Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of illicit stimulant use triangulating wastewater, general population survey and web survey data.","authors":"Karoliina Karjalainen,&nbsp;Teemu Gunnar,&nbsp;Pekka Hakkarainen,&nbsp;Aino Kankaanpää,&nbsp;Sanna Rönkä","doi":"10.1177/14550725221122150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725221122150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> We analysed illicit stimulant use in Finland by comparing three separate datasets collected at the same time. <b>Methods:</b> The data used were wastewater analysis (2014 and 2018), population-based drug surveys (2014 and 2018) and European Web Survey on Drugs (2018, Finnish data). Proportions, prevalence levels and trends of stimulant use as well as their consumption were measured. Factors associated with stimulant use were assessed for past-year stimulant or amphetamine use as an outcome measure in regression analyses. <b>Results:</b> Both population-based drug survey and wastewater data showed that stimulant use has increased in Finland between 2014 and 2018. Disadvantaged socio-demographic background and other substance use were associated with past-year stimulant use, with no geographical variation in Finland. The socio-demographics of those reporting amphetamine use differed between population-based drug survey and web survey. In the web survey, infrequent and occasional users of amphetamine were quite alike, whereas frequent users were more likely to be unemployed or use injection as the route of administration. <b>Conclusion:</b> Analysis of three different data revealed findings that would have been missed and conclusions that could not have been made by using only one dataset. Putting findings from different methods into dialogue raises new questions and opens new interpretations. This analysis emphasises the importance of the prevention of frequent use and associated harm, as well as the impact of versatile drug treatment and harm reduction services on it.</p>","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"40 2","pages":"160-175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2b/b1/10.1177_14550725221122150.PMC10101165.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9316887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased alcohol use to cope with COVID-19-related anxiety one year into the coronavirus pandemic.","authors":"Marije Aan Het Rot,&nbsp;Isabelle C Baltariu,&nbsp;Violeta Enea","doi":"10.1177/14550725221147111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725221147111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> An increase in drinking to cope with anxiety provoked by the coronavirus was observed during the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic. <b>Objective:</b> In the present study, we examined the role of drinking motives in the anxiety-alcohol link one year into the pandemic. <b>Methods:</b> Using a cross-sectional design, we collected data between April and May 2021: 678 participants located in Romania or the Netherlands completed an online survey on alcohol consumption in the past month (assessed using a simple quantity-frequency measure), change in drinking during the past year (assessed using a single item asking whether there had been an increase, decrease or no change), drinking motives (assessed using the Revised Drinking Motives Questionnaire), drinking-related problems (assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test), and COVID-19-related anxiety (assessed using the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale). <b>Results:</b> Compared to before the pandemic, while 42% of participants had decreased their alcohol consumption, 15% reported an increase. Participants with clinically relevant COVID-19-related anxiety (11%) were more likely to drink to cope with negative affect, enhance positive affect, and conform to others. The association between COVID-19-related anxiety and drinking-related problems was specifically moderated by drinking to cope, such that the anxiety-alcohol link was stronger in participants who endorsed this drinking motive more. <b>Conclusion:</b> Drinking is a maladaptive coping strategy for individuals with high levels of COVID-19-related anxiety. These individuals might benefit from interventions involving the learning of healthier skills to deal with the ongoing pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"40 2","pages":"146-159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/24/98/10.1177_14550725221147111.PMC10101168.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9316885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences and neurodevelopmental disorders among youth with and without prenatal substance exposure: A longitudinal matched register-based cohort study.","authors":"Anne M Koponen,&nbsp;Niina-Maria Nissinen,&nbsp;Mika Gissler,&nbsp;Ilona Autti-Rämö,&nbsp;Hanna Kahila,&nbsp;Taisto Sarkola","doi":"10.1177/14550725221110190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725221110190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Previous research has shown an association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and secondary mental health problems in youth with prenatal substance exposure (PSE), but the association between ACEs and neurodevelopmental disorders is less clear. <b>Methods:</b> This longitudinal register-based cohort study investigated relationships between health at birth, ACEs (out-of-home care (OHC) and maternal adversities), and neurodevelopmental disorders among youth with PSE (alcohol/drugs, <i>n</i> = 615) and matched unexposed controls (<i>n</i> = 1787). Hospital medical records and register data were merged and analysed using Cox regression models. <b>Results:</b> Conduct and emotional disorders (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems ICD-10, F90-F94) were more common among the exposed than the controls but only when the exposed and controls with no OHC were compared. The difference appeared in hyperkinetic disorders (ADHD, F90), mixed disorders of conduct and emotions (F92) and emotional disorders with onset specific to childhood (F93). Among the exposed and controls with OHC, over 40% had received an F90-F94 diagnosis. Regarding specific developmental disorders (F80-F83, e.g., impairments in speech and language and scholastic skills) the moderate difference between the exposed and controls attenuated after adjustment for OHC. Again, the rates were highest among the exposed with OHC and the controls with OHC. OHC and maternal risks were interrelated and, together with male sex and low birth weight, were associated with neurodevelopmental disorders both among the exposed and controls and decreased the difference between them. <b>Conclusions:</b> A strong association between ACEs and neurodevelopmental disorders was found. Brain research is needed to examine whether ACEs worsen neurodevelopmental outcomes caused by PSE.</p>","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"40 2","pages":"176-198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/80/1e/10.1177_14550725221110190.PMC10101169.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9316886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Games without frontiers?","authors":"V. Marionneau","doi":"10.1177/14550725221149490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725221149490","url":null,"abstract":"Dewey (1913, p. 725) defined play as “activities, which are not consciously performed for the sake of any result beyond themselves; activities which are enjoyable in their own execution without reference to ulterior purpose”. Similarly, for Caillois (1967), play is something separate from work, a free and entertaining activity that does not result in the creation of any economic value. It is this question of value and purpose that has separated gambling from play and games. From an economic perspective, gambling can be argued not to produce value, but merely transfer and circulate it (Young & Markham, 2017). However, from the perspective of the gambler, the act of gambling is staking something of value for the purpose of winning something. Games and play have not been characterised by the risk of losing or winning something of value. Instead, these activities are valuable in themselves as forms of entertainment or leisure – at least until digitalisation has turned the gaming world into big business. In digital environments, social gaming has become increasingly prevalent and lucrative, and game play has become monetised and commercialised in a very similar way to gambling. Micropayments and loot boxes, in particular, have received research attention due to their similarities to gambling (e.g., Drummond & Sauer, 2018; Macey et al., 2022). In some jurisdictions, regulators are also taking action to limit gambling-like features in gaming (Derrington et al., 2021). Understanding what unites and what separates the worlds of gambling and gaming has become a crucial question for research, harm prevention and regulation. Games without Frontiers (2021), Heather Wardle’s first book, delivers an inspiring and comprehensive introduction to these topics from a historical as well as contemporary perspective. Wardle shows that what has recently become called “convergence” between gambling and gaming (e.g., Gainsbury, 2019; Kim & King, 2020) is actually a new phase in a long, shared history. The relationship between gambling and gaming has recently amplified and accelerated due to the digital turn and technological developments, such as fast payments and constant availability. Wardle approaches these topics from two complementary perspectives: a cultural perspective and an industry perspective. The discussion on convergence therefore not only refers to an intersection of game characteristics, but also to wider processes in industry and society.","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"46 1","pages":"414 - 417"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65551175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development and validation of the pandemic medication-assisted treatment questionnaire for the assessment of pandemic crises impact on medication management and administration for patients with opioid use disorders.","authors":"Christonikos Leventelis, Alexandra Katsouli, Vasileios Stavropoulos, Anna Karasavvidou, Panagiotis Papadopoulos, Petros T Barmpas, Sotiris Tasoulis, Aristidis S Veskoukis, Maria Tsironi","doi":"10.1177/14550725221135574","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14550725221135574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pandemic and the globally applied restriction measures mainly affect vulnerable population groups, such as patients with opioid use disorders. Towards inhibiting SARS-Cov-2 spread, the medication-assisted treatment (MAT) programs follow strategies targeting the reduction of in-person psychosocial interventions and an increase of take-home doses. However, there is no available instrument to examine the impact of such modifications on diverse health aspects of patients under MAT. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the PANdemic Medication-Assisted Treatment Questionnaire (PANMAT/Q) to address the pandemic effect on the management and administration of MAT. In total, 463 patients under ΜΑΤ participated. Our findings indicate that PANMAT/Q has been successfully validated exerting reliability and validity. It can be completed within approximately 5 min, and its implementation in research settings is advocated. PANMAT/Q could serve as a useful tool to identify the needs of patients under MAT being at high risk of relapse and overdose.</p>","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"40 1","pages":"76-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/10/15/10.1177_14550725221135574.PMC9893127.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10727504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dilemmas of belonging: Young Muslim women in the Danish youth alcohol culture.","authors":"Marie Fjellerup Bærndt,&nbsp;Vibeke Asmussen Frank","doi":"10.1177/14550725221136350","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14550725221136350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Focusing on drinking and partying among young Muslim women in Denmark, our aim was to examine how the drinking practices of young Muslim women are influenced by belonging, understood as sentiments of (national) belonging as well as the broader (politicised) discourse on Muslims in Denmark. <b>Methods and data:</b> Based on 32 qualitative in-depth interviews with young Muslim women, this paper explores their drinking practices as situated in a national youth culture highly influenced by alcohol intoxication. We draw on Nira Yuval-Davies' (2006) distinction between belonging (as emotional attachment) and the politics of belonging. <b>Findings:</b> We found that the young women attempt to avoid negative comments based on stereotypes of Muslims and their drinking, by toning down being a Muslim. In addition, we showed how the difficulties of drinking alcohol while being both Muslim and Danish leads to several of the young women experiencing an 'identity crisis'. Lastly, we found that a way for the studied women to reconcile Muslim and Danish identities is through faith, namely through actively choosing what kind of Muslim they want to be. <b>Conclusion:</b> Being part of a national youth culture of alcohol intoxication is inevitably dilemma-filled for the study's participants and they are challenged in their belonging. We argue that these dilemmas do not stand alone, but rather point to the broader predicaments of these women in Danish society.</p>","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"40 1","pages":"22-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/21/88/10.1177_14550725221136350.PMC9893123.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10280169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of debunking constructions.","authors":"Matilda Hellman","doi":"10.1177/14550725221150346","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14550725221150346","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"40 1","pages":"3-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9893125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10727505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The critical role of peer reviewers: Challenges and future steps.","authors":"Nady El-Guebaly, John Foster, Anees Bahji, Matilda Hellman","doi":"10.1177/14550725221092862","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14550725221092862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The critical role of peer reviewers in the publishing process is examined. Examples of typical challenges are provided, including the relative lack of rewards for this important task. Particular attention is paid to the need to consider the diversity of the peer reviewers recruited and impediments to the selection beyond Areas of Competence, often due to the small available pool. Finally, recommendations for improvement are suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"40 1","pages":"14-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f8/65/10.1177_14550725221092862.PMC9893124.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10727501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gambling operators' social media image creation in Finland and Sweden 2017-2020.","authors":"Mikaela Lindeman,&nbsp;Vilja Männistö-Inkinen,&nbsp;Matilda Hellman,&nbsp;Veera Kankainen,&nbsp;Emmi Kauppila,&nbsp;Johan Svensson,&nbsp;Robin Nilsson","doi":"10.1177/14550725221111317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725221111317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> This is a first audit of how gambling operators in Finland and Sweden address citizens on social media. The study is able to pinpoint some differences between how gambling operators utilise social media in a state monopoly system (Finland) and in a license-based regulatory framework (Sweden). <b>Methods:</b> Curated social media posts from Finland- and Sweden-based accounts in national languages were collected from March 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020. The data (<i>N</i> = 13,241) consist of posts published on YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram. The posts were audited in terms of frequency of posting, content and user engagement. <b>Results/Conclusions:</b> Operators in both countries were, in general, active on their social media accounts, but there was a decline in number of posts between 2017 and 2020. A substantial number of the analysed posts did not visually portray gambling or games. In the Swedish license system, operators seem to present themselves more straightforwardly as gambling companies, whereas in the Finnish monopoly system the image was more tied to a social role of public good doing. Beneficiaries of gambling revenues became less visible in the Finnish data over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"40 1","pages":"40-60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/0c/10.1177_14550725221111317.PMC9893126.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10727502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traumatic experiences and PTSD symptoms in substance use disorder: A comparison of recovered versus current users.","authors":"Anna Belfrage, Anne Lill Mjølhus Njå, Siri Lunde, Janne Årstad, Elise Constance Fodstad, Torgeir Gilje Lid, Aleksander Hagen Erga","doi":"10.1177/14550725221122222","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14550725221122222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of traumatic experiences and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in treatment-seeking individuals with ongoing substance use disorder (SUD) compared to individuals who have recovered from SUD. <b>Methods:</b> Patients with SUD recruited from the STAYER study (N = 114) underwent an examination of alcohol and drug use, childhood trauma, negative life events and PTSD symptomatology. In this study, only participants with 12-month concurrent polysubstance use was included. Using historical data from the STAYER study, alcohol and drug trajectories were dichotomised as (1) current SUD (current SUD) or (2) recovered from substance use disorder (recovered SUD). Crosstabs and chi-tests were used to measure differences between groups. <b>Results:</b> Childhood maltreatment, traumatic experiences later in life and symptoms of concurrent PTSD were highly prevalent in the study population. We found no significant difference between the current and recovered SUD groups. Recovered women reported a lower prevalence of physical neglect (<i>p</i> = 0.031), but a higher prevalence of multiple lifetime traumas (<i>p</i> = 0.019) compared to women with current SUD. Both women with current SUD and recovered women reported a significantly higher prevalence of sexual aggression than men (<i>p</i> < 0.001 and <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). In addition, men who have recovered from SUD reported a lower prevalence of PTSD symptoms over cut-off 38 (<i>p</i> = 0.017), of re-experiencing (<i>p</i> = 0.036) and of avoidance (<i>p</i> = 0.015), compared to recovered women. <b>Conclusion:</b> Reported trauma did not differ between persons with current SUD and those who had recovered from SUD. Gender differences discovered in this study indicate the importance of developing individualised and gender-specific treatment models for comorbid PTSD/SUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"40 1","pages":"61-75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ba/e5/10.1177_14550725221122222.PMC9893129.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10727500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}