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Retaining Australian Nurses: An Analysis of Nurses' Wages and Exit Rates 留住澳大利亚护士：护士工资和离职率分析
IF 1.9 4区 经济学
Australian Economic Papers Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8454.12351
Geena Sharma
{"title":"Retaining Australian Nurses: An Analysis of Nurses' Wages and Exit Rates","authors":"Geena Sharma","doi":"10.1111/1467-8454.12351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8454.12351","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines factors influencing Australian nurses' decisions to quit their jobs, the pathways they take after quitting, and estimates the average wage change associated with a nurse changing professions. Using data from the Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey and panel data estimation methods, we find that a nurse's pre-exit hourly wage is significantly associated with their exit decision when controlling for relevant exogenous factors. We also find that most nurses who change professions stay in the healthcare sector, which is characterised by significant increases in hourly wages and occupational prestige and suggests that these nurses change jobs for better opportunities. We conclude that while nurses' exit decisions are not associated with a loss of human capital in healthcare, higher wages would have to be paid if the policy objective is to increase nurse retention.</p>","PeriodicalId":46169,"journal":{"name":"Australian Economic Papers","volume":"63 S1","pages":"89-98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8454.12351","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141091507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Labour market outcomes of the China shock in Australia 中国冲击对澳大利亚劳动力市场的影响
IF 1.9 4区 经济学
Australian Economic Papers Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8454.12352
Ying Ying Ida Xiao
{"title":"Labour market outcomes of the China shock in Australia","authors":"Ying Ying Ida Xiao","doi":"10.1111/1467-8454.12352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8454.12352","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines the effect of the rise in Chinese import competition on the Australian labour market from 1991 to 2007. Using the data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics Labour Force Survey, I find three main results. First, the Chinese import competition generates net job gains for the economy at both aggregate and sectoral levels. The manufacturing and service sectors both experience a growth in employment due to the movements of workers between and within industries. Second, the job losses in manufacturing industries are accompanied by expansions in services industries. The Chinese import exposure reorganises the job allocations from manufacturing to services. Third, the industrial shifts and skill-biased technical change caused by the Chinese imports bring about job polarisation. Estimates show evidence of job concentration on low-skilled and high-skilled workers while also a weakening focus on middle-skilled occupations.</p>","PeriodicalId":46169,"journal":{"name":"Australian Economic Papers","volume":"63 S1","pages":"135-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8454.12352","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141091645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stochastic credibility and optimal monetary policy 随机可信度与最优货币政策
IF 1.9 4区 经济学
Australian Economic Papers Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8454.12347
Oscar To
{"title":"Stochastic credibility and optimal monetary policy","authors":"Oscar To","doi":"10.1111/1467-8454.12347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8454.12347","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, I study optimal monetary policy in a simple New Keynesian model with loose commitment and stochastic credibility. The loose commitment framework breaks the commitment-discretion dichotomy in optimal monetary policy problems and allows for intermediate cases between commitment and discretion. Under this framework, the central bank is imperfectly credible, meaning that it occasionally reneges on promised policy plans. I contribute to the literature by introducing time-variation in the central bank's credibility. I model credibility as an exogenous two-state Markov chain and use a recursive saddlepoint functional equation to solve the model. I find that greater persistence and frequency of credibility losses increase welfare losses.</p>","PeriodicalId":46169,"journal":{"name":"Australian Economic Papers","volume":"63 S1","pages":"124-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8454.12347","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141091499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Determining the impact of the 2004 Australian Baby Bonus on fertility rates using a synthetic control analysis 利用合成控制分析确定 2004 年澳大利亚婴儿奖金对生育率的影响
IF 1.9 4区 经济学
Australian Economic Papers Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8454.12345
Genevieve Reich
{"title":"Determining the impact of the 2004 Australian Baby Bonus on fertility rates using a synthetic control analysis","authors":"Genevieve Reich","doi":"10.1111/1467-8454.12345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8454.12345","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The longstanding issue of declining fertility in developed nations motivates a revaluation of the effectiveness of fertility-targeted policies. This thesis focuses on the 2004 Australian Baby Bonus, a past pronatalist incentive offering a lump sum financial transfer for every child born after 1 July 2004. We employ the synthetic control method to construct a counterfactual scenario for Australia in the absence of the policy's introduction. Using aggregate country-level data from the World Bank World Indicator's Database from 1998 to 2012, we carefully select suitable Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries as control units and economic indicators to include as covariates. Our primary specification reveals a 6.82% increase in total fertility between 2005 and 2012, induced by the ABB. Robustness tests, including various model specifications, consistently confirm a positive fertility effect. This comparative case study provides a comprehensive analysis of the ABB's impact, emphasising the significance of methodological choices in assessing fertility-related policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46169,"journal":{"name":"Australian Economic Papers","volume":"63 S1","pages":"23-32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8454.12345","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141091541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A dynamic model of resource extraction and intensity of competition 资源开采和竞争强度的动态模型
IF 1.9 4区 经济学
Australian Economic Papers Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8454.12346
Tim Pegna
{"title":"A dynamic model of resource extraction and intensity of competition","authors":"Tim Pegna","doi":"10.1111/1467-8454.12346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8454.12346","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper represents a significant extension of the traditional Cournot extraction game, by introducing the linear supply function strategy space in a novel, dynamic way. A variety of asymmetric cases are considered, including the new firm-specific competitive strategies. The results highlight the importance of competition in accelerating the supply of critical minerals, which is vital to mitigate climate change, but also present a new sustainability challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":46169,"journal":{"name":"Australian Economic Papers","volume":"63 S1","pages":"33-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8454.12346","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141091542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigating heterogeneity in the price elasticity of traffic flow in Melbourne: Evidence from traffic volume data 调查墨尔本交通流量价格弹性的异质性：来自交通流量数据的证据
IF 1.9 4区 经济学
Australian Economic Papers Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8454.12353
Paul Spasojevic
{"title":"Investigating heterogeneity in the price elasticity of traffic flow in Melbourne: Evidence from traffic volume data","authors":"Paul Spasojevic","doi":"10.1111/1467-8454.12353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8454.12353","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper leverages a rich dataset of 1.24 billion traffic flow observations across 36,666 vehicle detectors to estimate the price elasticity of traffic flow with respect to fuel prices in Melbourne, Australia. I find that a 1% increase in fuel prices leads to a 0.0556% decrease in traffic flow across Melbourne, where traffic flow is defined as the number of vehicles passing a vehicle counter per hour. I find significant regional heterogeneity across Melbourne, with evidence of positive own-price elasticities in regions in the centre of the city, and in peak commute times on both weekdays and weekends, which I argue is evidence of a congestion-speed effect. Moreover, regions near the CBD with high incomes tend to be less elastic than regions further away with reduced access to public transport. These findings can be used to determine the optimal tax or charge to internalise the externalities produced by motor vehicles.</p>","PeriodicalId":46169,"journal":{"name":"Australian Economic Papers","volume":"63 S1","pages":"70-78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8454.12353","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141091495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect and timing sensitivity of parenting style on cognitive and non-cognitive skills 教养方式对认知和非认知技能的影响及时间敏感性
IF 1.9 4区 经济学
Australian Economic Papers Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8454.12356
Benaya Lie
{"title":"The effect and timing sensitivity of parenting style on cognitive and non-cognitive skills","authors":"Benaya Lie","doi":"10.1111/1467-8454.12356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8454.12356","url":null,"abstract":"<p>I exploit data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children and linked administrative data to study the effect of various parenting styles on a child's academic achievement and development of non-cognitive skills at age 14. My results suggest the authoritative parenting style, characterised as disciplined but warm parenting, to be optimal for test scores, prosocial behaviour, and ability to focus. For test scores, I find a greater effect if this parenting style was applied 4 years prior rather than more recently. Conversely for non-cognitive skills, I find a greater effect from contemporaneous parenting. The implication of my results is to encourage authoritative parenting from an early age but also highlight its continued importance in the present.</p>","PeriodicalId":46169,"journal":{"name":"Australian Economic Papers","volume":"63 S1","pages":"115-123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8454.12356","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141091509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of COVID-19 stay-at-home orders on domestic violence assaults: A study of New South Wales COVID-19 留家令对家庭暴力攻击的影响：对新南威尔士州的研究
IF 1.9 4区 经济学
Australian Economic Papers Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8454.12343
Jake Graceffo
{"title":"The impact of COVID-19 stay-at-home orders on domestic violence assaults: A study of New South Wales","authors":"Jake Graceffo","doi":"10.1111/1467-8454.12343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8454.12343","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Introduction of stay-at-home orders during the COVID 19 pandemic led to immediate disruption of individuals' daily routines with confinement to their households and changes in risk factors of domestic violence. Utilising data from the Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research (BOCSAR), I estimate the causal impact of stay-at-home orders on domestic violence assaults in New South Wales. Since adoption dates for these restrictions varied across LGAs, I implement a staggered difference-in-difference (DiD) specification. I find a 21% decline in daily domestic violence assault incidents during stay-at-home order periods compared to pre-restriction incidence levels. These results are robust under weekly frequency and extrapolated fixed effects models. I further utilise google search term data as a proxy of consistent reporting rates and unemployment data to identify household power dynamics. Analysis of both data sets support estimates of declines in domestic violence during stay-at-home order periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":46169,"journal":{"name":"Australian Economic Papers","volume":"63 S1","pages":"59-69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8454.12343","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141091494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Monetary policy and wealth inequality 货币政策与财富不平等
IF 1.9 4区 经济学
Australian Economic Papers Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8454.12344
Kieren Jackson
{"title":"Monetary policy and wealth inequality","authors":"Kieren Jackson","doi":"10.1111/1467-8454.12344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8454.12344","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This thesis examines how monetary policy shocks affect wealth inequality in Australia. I analyse how a monetary policy shock, through asset price responses, affects household balance sheets and wealth inequality measures. I find that contractionary monetary policy reduces the wealth gap, but also disproportionately increases the wealth share of the most affluent Australians. This is driven largely by the response of house prices to an increase in the central bank's policy rate. I use a novel methodology to overcome the data limitations that usually impede studies of wealth inequality, and I produce results with implications for central bankers and policymakers. My results are robust to numerous lag specifications, modelling techniques and identification strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46169,"journal":{"name":"Australian Economic Papers","volume":"63 S1","pages":"3-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8454.12344","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141091505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do central banks respond to house price movements? A Bayesian DSGE approach 中央银行会对房价走势做出反应吗？贝叶斯 DSGE 方法
IF 1.9 4区 经济学
Australian Economic Papers Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8454.12350
Longcan Li
{"title":"Do central banks respond to house price movements? A Bayesian DSGE approach","authors":"Longcan Li","doi":"10.1111/1467-8454.12350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8454.12350","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This thesis explores whether monetary policy reacts to house price movements, by employing a New Keynesian model with a housing factor and estimated using Bayesian estimation techniques. The primary emphasis of this study is on the United States, with supplementary analyses on central banks in several advanced economies. The principal finding of this thesis reveals that the Federal Reserve responded substantially but episodically to house prices. Furthermore, my investigation indicates that the Reserve Bank of Australia, the Reserve Bank of New Zealand, Bank of England, and the European Central Bank did not incorporate house prices into their policy framework, whereas the Bank of Canada did so episodically. The baseline results remain robust across a range of sensitivity checks.</p>","PeriodicalId":46169,"journal":{"name":"Australian Economic Papers","volume":"63 S1","pages":"99-114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8454.12350","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141091508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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