Hec Forum最新文献_第3页

Islamic Jurisprudence on Harm Versus Harm Scenarios in Medical Confidentiality. 关于医疗保密中伤害与伤害情景的伊斯兰法理学。

IF 1.5 4区哲学

Hec Forum Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-022-09503-w

Sayyed Mohamed Muhsin

引用次数: 0

Civility in Health Care: A Moral Imperative. 医疗保健中的文明礼貌：道德责任。

IF 1.5 4区哲学

Hec Forum Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2022-12-22 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-022-09501-y

Joel M Geiderman, John C Moskop, Catherine A Marco, Raquel M Schears, Arthur R Derse

引用次数: 0

Ethical Issues in Sperm, Egg and Embryo Donation: Islamic Shia Perspectives. 精子、卵子和胚胎捐赠中的伦理问题：伊斯兰什叶派的观点。

IF 1.5 4区哲学

Hec Forum Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-022-09498-4

Md Shaikh Farid

{"title":"Ethical Issues in Sperm, Egg and Embryo Donation: Islamic Shia Perspectives.","authors":"Md Shaikh Farid","doi":"10.1007/s10730-022-09498-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10730-022-09498-4","url":null,"abstract":"Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) have been practiced in Islamic societies within married couples since their introduction. However, there are divergent views over the issue of third-party donation among Sunni and Shia scholars. This paper illustrates the different perspectives of Shia Muslims surrounding, sperm, egg, and embryo donation and ethical aspects thereof. The study reveals that there are different views regarding sperm, egg, and embryo donation among the Shia religious leaders around the world. Many Shia religious scholars, including the Iranian supreme religious leader Ali Hussein Khamenei allow sperm, egg, and embryo donation with certain conditions. However, the conditions stipulated by Shia religious scholars contradict the ethical and legal practices of sperm, egg, and embryo donation. Regarding sperm and egg donation, they declared that the donor child would inherit from a third-party donor and the commissioning parents would be adoptive parents. Thus, according to them, donor anonymity is impossible. Moreover, the Iranian act on embryo donation did not stipulate the right and responsibilities of the donor child and recipient couples and did not clarify the nature and number of embryos that can be donated and implanted. The paper argues that the lack of laws and guidelines on sperm, egg, and embryo donation raises many ethical problems. Based only on religious rulings, third-party donation has been practiced without foreseeing the well-being and safety of donor children, donors, and recipient couples.","PeriodicalId":46160,"journal":{"name":"Hec Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40473792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical Ethics Consultations and the Necessity of NOT Meeting Expectations: I Never Promised You a Rose Garden. 临床伦理咨询与不达预期的必要性：我从未向你承诺过玫瑰园。

IF 1.3 4区哲学

Hec Forum Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-022-09496-6

Stuart G Finder, Virginia L Bartlett

引用次数: 0

On What Grounds? A Pilot Study of References Used in Clinical Ethics Consultation and Education. 依据是什么？临床伦理咨询和教育中使用的参考文献的试点研究。

IF 1.5 4区哲学

Hec Forum Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-024-09532-7

Kelly Turner, Abram Brummett, Erica Salter

{"title":"On What Grounds? A Pilot Study of References Used in Clinical Ethics Consultation and Education.","authors":"Kelly Turner, Abram Brummett, Erica Salter","doi":"10.1007/s10730-024-09532-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10730-024-09532-7","url":null,"abstract":"In accordance with standards published by the American Society for Bioethics and Humanities (ASBH), ethics consultants are expected to provide recommendations that align with scholarly literature, professional society statements, law, and policy. However, there are no studies to date that characterize the specific references that ethics consultants and educators use to inform their work. To address this gap, a convenience sample of clinical ethics consultants and educators was surveyed online through two major listservs for clinical ethics, the ASBH Clinical Ethics Consultation Affinity Group (CECAG) and the Association of Bioethics Program Directors (ABPD). Ninety-five ethics consultants and/or educators with diverse educational background, credentials, and experience provided responses. In total, 451 references, 315 of which were unique, were reported. These references were broken into 6 categories after analysis: bioethics literature (divided into articles and books), professional society documents (divided into professional society statements and codes of ethics), federal/state/uniform/case law, hospital/health system policies, official religious teachings, and other. We found extensive variation and minimal overlap in the references respondents used for ethics consultation and education, even when referring to the same topics. Future research directions should include conducting more systematic efforts to characterize the references used by ethics consultants across the US; determining whether demographic characteristics of consultants influence the references used; and ascertaining whether the variation in references used reflects genuine disagreements in consultants' and educators' bioethical analysis or recommendations.","PeriodicalId":46160,"journal":{"name":"Hec Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vaccine Impact Bonds: An Alternative Way of Allocating the Economic Risks of Mass Vaccination Programs. 疫苗影响债券：大规模疫苗接种计划经济风险的另一种分配方式。

IF 1.5 4区哲学

Hec Forum Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-024-09530-9

Pascal René Marcel Kubin

{"title":"Vaccine Impact Bonds: An Alternative Way of Allocating the Economic Risks of Mass Vaccination Programs.","authors":"Pascal René Marcel Kubin","doi":"10.1007/s10730-024-09530-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10730-024-09530-9","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccines can be an appropriate tool for combating pandemics. Accordingly, expectations were high when the first Covid-19 vaccines were administered. However, even though the vaccines have not met these high initial expectations, vaccine manufacturers and their investors were making large profits, while most of the associated economic risks have remained with the taxpaying public. Thus, this paper applies the concept of social impact bonds to mass vaccination programs by conceptualizing vaccine impact bonds (VIBs) as an alternative to the advance purchase agreements (APAs) for Covid-19 vaccines. Rather than rewarding vaccine manufacturers and their investors based on the quantity of doses distributed, VIBs intend to link the real-world vaccine impact to the financial returns of vaccine manufacturers and their investors. This paper indicates that VIBs can theoretically shift the economic risks of mass vaccination programs from the taxpaying public to private investors, thereby aligning commercial and public interests. However, it also identifies several major weaknesses such as the complexity of defining and evaluating the vaccine impact as well as the inherent trade-off between relieving taxpayers (through VIBs) and allowing innovation. As these substantial drawbacks outweigh the theoretical strengths of VIBs, this paper calls for further research in order to identify better alternatives to the Covid-19 vaccine contracts.","PeriodicalId":46160,"journal":{"name":"Hec Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141092636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Against Anti-Abortion Violence. 反对反堕胎暴力。

IF 1.5 4区哲学

Hec Forum Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-024-09531-8

William Simkulet

引用次数: 0

On Seeing Long Shadows: Is Academic Medicine at its Core a Practice of Racial Oppression? 看见长长的阴影：学术医学的核心是种族压迫吗？

IF 1.5 4区哲学

Hec Forum Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-024-09529-2

Thomas S Huddle

{"title":"On Seeing Long Shadows: Is Academic Medicine at its Core a Practice of Racial Oppression?","authors":"Thomas S Huddle","doi":"10.1007/s10730-024-09529-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10730-024-09529-2","url":null,"abstract":"Suggestions that academic medicine is systemically racist are increasingly common in the medical literature. Such suggestions often rely upon expansive notions of systemic racism that are deeply controversial. The author argues for an empirical concept of systemic racism and offers a counter argument to a recent suggestion that academic medicine is systemically racist in its treatment of medical trainees: Anderson et al.'s (Academic Medicine, 98(8S), S28-S36, 2023) \"The Long Shadow: a Historical Perspective on Racism in Medical Education.\" Contra the authors of \"The Long Shadow,\" the author argues that racial performance disparities in medical education cannot be validly attributed to racism without careful empirical confirmation; he further argues that standards of assessment in medical education cannot be properly deemed racist merely because minority trainees are disproportionately disadvantaged by them. Furthermore, the history of medicine and society in the Anglo-European West is not, as argued by the authors of \"The Long Shadow,\" best viewed as one long tale of racial oppression culminating in the present day pervasive racism of academic medicine in the United States. Racism is a deplorable stain on our history and our present but it is not the historical essence of Christianity, European civilization, Western medicine, or contemporary academic medical institutions.","PeriodicalId":46160,"journal":{"name":"Hec Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140899547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prognostic Disclosure to Dying Adolescents Against Parental Wishes: A Point-Counter Point Debate 违背父母意愿向临终青少年披露预后信息：观点对观点的辩论

IF 1.5 4区哲学

Hec Forum Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-024-09526-5

Mariah K. Tanious, Grant Goodrich, Virginia Pedigo, Shelly Ozark, Joshua Arenth

引用次数: 0

Professionalization of Clinical Ethics Consultants: A Need for Liability Protection? 临床伦理顾问的专业化：责任保护的必要性？

IF 1.5 4区哲学

Hec Forum Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-024-09527-4

Claudia R. Sotomayor, Christopher Spevak, Edward R. Grant

{"title":"Professionalization of Clinical Ethics Consultants: A Need for Liability Protection?","authors":"Claudia R. Sotomayor, Christopher Spevak, Edward R. Grant","doi":"10.1007/s10730-024-09527-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10730-024-09527-4","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical Ethics Consultation (CEC) has grown significantly in the last decade, and efforts are being made to professionalize the practice. The American Society for Bioethics and Humanities (ASBH) has been instrumental in this process, having published the Code of Ethics and Professional Responsibilities for Healthcare Ethics Consultants and founded and endorsed the creation of the Healthcare Ethics Consultant Certified (HCEC) Certification Commission. The ASBH also published “core competencies” for healthcare ethics consultants and has delineated a clear identity and role of such consultants distinct from that other healthcare professionals. In addition, more enter the field armed with advanced degrees (MA and PhD) or certification in clinical ethics consultation. While some have questioned the trend toward professionalization, the momentum is clearly in its favor. This paper explores three questions: Does the professionalization of healthcare ethics consultation expose those engaged in the field to the types of liability claims faced by professionals in other fields? What specific liabilities could affect a healthcare ethics consultant? And finally, what should healthcare ethics consultants do to protect themselves against liability claims? We conclude that while the risk of liability remains low, those engaged in the field should accept that risk just as part of their status as professionals and, like those in allied professions, seek appropriate protection in the form of liability insurance.","PeriodicalId":46160,"journal":{"name":"Hec Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140802499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0