{"title":"Time for Reset? Covid-19 and Tourism Resilience","authors":"G. Prayag","doi":"10.3727/154427220x15926147793595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427220x15926147793595","url":null,"abstract":"As a rapidly evolving global pandemic, COVID-19 provides several opportunities for tourism researchers to study the resilience of the tourism industry from a socioecological system perspective. Pandemics are not new and, similar to other crises and disasters, can have lasting impacts\u0000 on individuals, businesses, communities, and nations. This article offers ways to explore how COVID-19 could affect different aspects of tourism resilience, adopting a three-level approach (macro, meso, and micro). While recognizing that these three levels are not necessarily mutually exclusive,\u0000 interactions between them can be a worthy area of research in itself. This article proposes a research agenda on COVID-19 and tourism system resilience and contributes to further understanding of scale of change (temporal and spatial), impacts, and resilience. The article identifies, for example,\u0000 resilience of destinations, organizations, and tourists as important areas of future research in relation to the pandemic. However, theoretical advancements and managerial implications of such research should not be sacrificed at the expense of the opportunities that the context of COVID-19\u0000 presents. It is time for reset not only for the tourism industry but also for tourism researchers.","PeriodicalId":46032,"journal":{"name":"Tourism Review International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3727/154427220x15926147793595","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46196210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander Preko, Iddrisu Mohammed, Leeford Edem Kojo Ameyibor
{"title":"Muslim Tourist Religiosity, Perceived Values, Satisfaction, and Loyalty","authors":"Alexander Preko, Iddrisu Mohammed, Leeford Edem Kojo Ameyibor","doi":"10.3727/154427220x15845838896341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427220x15845838896341","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the relationships among Muslim tourists' perceived values, satisfaction, loyalty, and the moderating effect of religiosity. These relationships are explored with a sample of 396 Ghanaian Muslim tourists visiting Larabanga Mosque. Structural equation modeling\u0000 and multigroup analysis were used to explore the relationships and the moderating effect of the studied variables. The results revealed that perceived values of Muslim had positive effects on tourist satisfaction and tourist satisfaction had a positive influence on loyalty. However, quality\u0000 and social values had negative effects on satisfaction. In addition, the significant moderating effect of Muslim religiosity on the relationship between perceived value and tourist satisfaction was established. The results of the study validate the viability of Islamic tourism practices that\u0000 would build positive intention to revisit or recommend destinations among potential Muslim tourists for future Islamic tourism market. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":46032,"journal":{"name":"Tourism Review International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3727/154427220x15845838896341","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42525999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Overtourism: An Analysis of Its Coverage In the Media by Using Framing Theory","authors":"Connor Clark, Gyan P. Nyaupane","doi":"10.3727/154427220x15845838896314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427220x15845838896314","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to obtain a deeper understanding of how the media frames the recent overtourism phenomenon and to theorize the impacts of such framing on policy making and mitigation by using framing theory. We conducted a content analysis of 85 media articles to compare the negative impacts of overtourism across destination types. The results revealed media reports of critical environmental impacts at national parks, beach destinations, and archaeological sites; high socioeconomic impacts at archaeological sites, island destinations, and urban destinations; and high infrastructural impacts at national parks, archaeological sites, and island destinations. Differences in the severity of impacts by destination type have implications for destination planning and management frameworks. We also used Entman's classification of frames to analyze the media's portrayal of the phenomenon. Results revealed that the media overemphasizes redefining overtourism and fails to cover a range of possible solutions for properly managing the complex issue, especially by major news sources. These findings suggest that the media continuously redefines overtourism as a new phenomenon and oversimplifies its complexity, which prevents addressing the root cause of the problem and misleads policy implications. Theoretical implications of media framing are discussed, as are remedial strategies for destination management.","PeriodicalId":46032,"journal":{"name":"Tourism Review International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3727/154427220x15845838896314","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46718044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Domestic Tourism Statistics: A Comparative Analysis of Demand Data Coverage and Method","authors":"Adla Ragab, S. D. Smith, A. Ragab, S. Meis","doi":"10.3727/154427220x15791346544752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427220x15791346544752","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic tourism is the mainstay of tourism demand for many destinations. However, it does not receive as much attention as international tourism does in either academic or governmental research. There is no global database on domestic tourism statistics and no global view of overall volume and value trend statistics based on integrated measurements that include both domestic and international tourism travel. To begin to address this lacuna, this article assesses the domestic tourism demand data coverage and methods in 20 selected countries. Through exploratory comparative analyses and based on the findings, the study develops a list of critical success indicators to be used as inputs to a data-driven strategy for domestic tourism. This list includes 17 indicators grouped into three categories (basic data, indices, and market intelligence data). Furthermore, the study proposes methodological aspects to be considered when measuring domestic tourism: data source, the operational definition of usual environment, sampling techniques, and data collection methods. These proposed aspects offer potential guidelines to countries that plan to conduct new domestic tourism surveys or to improve current survey methodologies.","PeriodicalId":46032,"journal":{"name":"Tourism Review International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43517349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thailand's New Approach of Domestic Tourism for The Sustainability of Military Bases: A Critique of Restricted Areas Turned Into Leisure Destinations","authors":"K. Muangasame, S. Amnuay-ngerntra","doi":"10.3727/154427220x15835131172105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427220x15835131172105","url":null,"abstract":"Military forces in Thailand have had an important role in national defense, social development, and environmental protection for many years. Military-based tourism is a new form of domestic tourism in Thailand. Within this trend, the article aims to explore the occurrence of \"military tourism\" in Thailand and propose a military-based tourism development model, adapted from Ritchie and Crouch's model to a case study at Sattahip Naval Base. Specific attention is given to factors determining destination competitiveness and sustainability of the base including the transformation of restricted areas turned into leisure destinations. Triangulation methods are derived through a focus group discussion with 25 naval personnel involved in domestic tourism, document analyses, direct observations, and an in-depth interview with a senior naval officer. The findings show that militarybased tourism at Sattahip is more competitive in destination capability featuring natural, cultural, and created resources, but less competitive in tourism management capability concerning accessibility, transportation for tourism, and staffing shortage in tourism services. The article also discusses critical issues related to military-based tourism development, including leadership, nationalism, domestic tourist typology, and degree of sustainability. A military-based tourism development model is also proposed for future studies, and recommendations are also provided to address the challenges in domestic tourism at military bases.","PeriodicalId":46032,"journal":{"name":"Tourism Review International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44482859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Chowdhary, Rahul Pratap Singh Kaurav, Shailja Sharma
{"title":"Segmenting the Domestic Rural Tourists in India","authors":"N. Chowdhary, Rahul Pratap Singh Kaurav, Shailja Sharma","doi":"10.3727/154427220x15791346544761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427220x15791346544761","url":null,"abstract":"Rural tourism in India is increasingly becoming competitive. Customers expect better services and unique experiences. It is therefore essential for the service providers to better understand the expectations of the visitors and carefully match their offers. Segmentation and targeting of the market are accepted principles of business and there has been a lot of research on the basis of segmentation. The primary objective of this article is to identify the profile of the different clusters (popularly known as segments) of motivations of tourists traveling within rural India. The intention is to decipher the causative clusters, which influences the tourists to visit the rural areas. These variables are used to identify the various rural domestic tourist market segments. A self-administered instrument was used to collect the data. Four factors have been identified through exploratory factor analysis: socialization, escape, rural experience, and self-indulgence. After identifying factors, K-means clustering was used to segment the market. The researchers have identified two relevant segments of domestic rural tourists. These are family retreaters and rural escapists. The study advances the understanding of the Indian domestic rural tourism market. It will help policymakers and practitioners to design products and marketing programs matching the expectations of these targeted markets.","PeriodicalId":46032,"journal":{"name":"Tourism Review International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47893321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Domestic Tourism: Challenging the Notion Through a Geopolitical Lens","authors":"D. Timothy","doi":"10.3727/154427220x15845838896251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427220x15845838896251","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues that the traditional way of defining and measuring domestic tourism may be overly simplistic and is not necessarily as straightforward as is commonly thought. This discussion provides insights into certain geographic conditions and spatial anomalies that give cause to rethink situations that might be labeled \"domestic tourism\" but that in reality may not be truly domestic, or that might deviate from the strictest tenets of the domestic tourism phenomenon. Conditions of travel between noncontiguous territories, the effects of a country's size or shape, a country's physical geography and accessibility, visiting contested territories or sections of partitioned states, and international sameday excursions while visiting a domestic destination call into question the customary measure of travel within one's country of residence as the only defining criterion of domestic tourism. These exceptions to the normative practices of domestic travel have important policy, legislative, management, and research implications.","PeriodicalId":46032,"journal":{"name":"Tourism Review International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49661257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction: Special Issue on Domestic Tourism in Asia","authors":"Gyan P. Nyaupane, Cody Morris Paris, X. Li","doi":"10.3727/154427220X15845838896305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427220X15845838896305","url":null,"abstract":"Although there is some variation in the ratios between domestic and international tourism reported by organizations such as the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), it is generally agreed that domestic tourism represents around 80% of world tourist arrivals. In terms of tourist spending, it is estimated that domestic tourist spending contributes between 71% to 75% of total travel spending worldwide. The WTTC (2018) reported that in 2017 domestic tourism accounted for 73% of the global tourism spending of USD3.971 trillion, a clear testament to the importance of domestic tourism to the global economy. Since these numbers are based on historic data and domestic tourism is growing faster than international tourism, the actual number of domestic tourist flows and its economic impact could be much higher. There has been a large surge in domestic tourism in Asia in the last few decades, which has been attributed to a rise in the middle class, particularly in populous countries like China and India, the region being the fastest growing economy in the world, and a high cultural value of travel (Chan, 2006; Skanavis & Sakellari, 2011; UNWTO, 2012; Wu, Zhu & Xu, 2000). China is now the global leader in domestic tourism spending, surpassing the United states. Over the past decade, China’s domestic tourism spending has quadrupled to more than USD800 billion (WTTC, 2018).","PeriodicalId":46032,"journal":{"name":"Tourism Review International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48602865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandeep Basnyat, Suryakiran Shrestha, B. Shakya, Reeja Byanjankar, Shubhashree Basnyat
{"title":"Domestic Tourism in Nepal: Issues and Challenges","authors":"Sandeep Basnyat, Suryakiran Shrestha, B. Shakya, Reeja Byanjankar, Shubhashree Basnyat","doi":"10.3727/154427220x15791346544770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427220x15791346544770","url":null,"abstract":"Compared to international tourism, domestic tourism is less susceptible to external changes and provides a more stable business environment for industry stakeholders. Traditionally, the focus of a majority of tourism research has been international tourism. Existing domestic tourism literature predominantly focuses on the potential of domestic tourism and the measurement of its demands, but greatly ignores the issues and challenges in the domestic tourism industry. This article fills this gap and examines the issues and challenges the domestic tourism industry is facing with a focus on Nepal, a South Asian developing country. The data for this study were collected through semistructured interviews with 20 tourism industry practitioners. The findings of this study demonstrate how uncertainties created by the lack of institutional arrangements and prioritization, and confusion around the appropriate ways and means of managing domestic tourism have contributed to the chaos in the private sector tourism industry in Nepal. Implications for the government and other stakeholders in Nepal and other developing countries have been discussed.","PeriodicalId":46032,"journal":{"name":"Tourism Review International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44452105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linda E. McNeely, Jennifer L. Burton, Julia R. Pennington
{"title":"Emotional and Cognitive Drivers of Customer Satisfaction in Adventure Travel","authors":"Linda E. McNeely, Jennifer L. Burton, Julia R. Pennington","doi":"10.3727/154427219x15790218411835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427219x15790218411835","url":null,"abstract":"Customer satisfaction has become the critical outcome variable in tourism where traveler experiences become electronic word of mouth (eWOM) for future visitors, yet the drivers of customer satisfaction in adventure travel are not well established in academic literature. This study relies on both qualitative and quantitative measures to examine visitor perceptions at a wild animal reserve to determine drivers of customer satisfaction in adventure travel. The theoretical framework extends Oliver's expectation disconfirmation theory to this new and growing sector that differs in that consumers are seeking out unexpected experiences in their travel adventures. This research addresses the role of expectations in a context where customers are seeking the unexpected. This work also incorporates Russell's circumplex theory of affect to illustrate the importance of achieving a positive, high activation state on the path to customer satisfaction. Findings indicate that perceptions of novelty, value, conservation focus, authentic cultural experience, and freedom of exploration are drivers of customer satisfaction, but perceptions of tranquility and the presence of animals are not. Results imply that the desire to seek animals or tranquil settings motivate the desire to book an adventure travel experience, but satisfaction with the experience itself will require the delivery of experiences that are undiscovered, unexpected, and go beyond consumers' preconceived notions. These novel experiences produce the high activation and positive disconfirmation that drive customer satisfaction in this unique travel context.","PeriodicalId":46032,"journal":{"name":"Tourism Review International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3727/154427219x15790218411835","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44086009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}