International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment最新文献

{"title":"A hybrid risk assessment approach for assessing the earthquake risks in worn-out urban fabrics: a case study in Iran","authors":"Jalal Sadeghi, M. Oghabi, H. Sarvari, M. Sabeti, H. Kashefi, Daniel W. M. Chan, A. Lotfata","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-09-2021-0128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-09-2021-0128","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000To reduce financial and human losses, managing risks associated with earthquakes is essential in practice. However, in using common risk management methods, experts are often faced with ambiguities that can create profound challenges for risk management. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a logical and straightforward risk assessment model to provide scientific and accurate answers to complex problems. This study aims to recommend an innovative combined method based on the probability-impact (P-I) approach and intuitionistic fuzzy set theory to identify and prioritize the essential earthquake risks associated with worn-out urban fabrics in the context of Iran.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The opinions of 15 experts in the fields of civil engineering and urban construction were gathered during brainstorming sessions. These brainstorming sessions were conducted to determine the probability of risks and the effect of identified risks. After calculating the severity of risks using the P-I approach and converting them to intuitionistic fuzzy sets, the risks were measured and prioritized based on their individual scores.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The study results indicated that risk of damage due to buildings’ age and flooding risk had the highest and lowest priorities in causes of financial damage, respectively. Furthermore, the risk of damage due to building quality (demolition) and building age was the most important. The risk of flooding and damage to communication networks has the lowest importance among causes of fatalities in worn-out urban fabrics.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The study findings and recommendations can be served as a policy and consultative instrument for the relevant stakeholders in the area of urban management.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46379758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A local smart city approach in the context of smart environment and urban resilience","authors":"Mücella Ateş, Deniz Erinsel Önder","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-07-2021-0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-07-2021-0064","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Although smart city studies have increased recently, smart city discussions are made based on general concepts not specific to the region. The region-specific local smart city strategy in the built environment is key to climate resilience in the built environment in the face of natural disasters. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the smart environment, which expresses the spatial dimension of smart cities. This research defines a region-specific smart city model and revealing the role of this model in the resilience against disasters of the built environment.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method was conducted in four steps. In Step 1, the authors suggested new smart environmental assessment criteria with climatic and geographical data within the scope of the collective mind of the region. In Step 2, they determined the expert group to evaluate within the scope of the AHP method and then compared the significance levels of the current and suggested smart environmental assessment criteria by the AHP method.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000From the results, it turned out that smart urbanization processes, which are trying to relate to local characteristics, are of great importance in terms of ensuring urban resilience. The results also highlight that the existing smart environmental assessment criteria in the literature are insufficient to ensure the climatic resilience of the built environment in the face of natural disasters.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The study is in an intermediary section, which has a gap in the literature due to its subject. Although it has focused on an acute problem and a current research problem, the lack of literature on the field has been a limitation. Determining the cities where the field studies would be conducted has been a major limitation. For an objective hypothesis test within the scope of the AHP method, the sample group should consist of experts working in smart city projects in cities that are in the top 3 in five different smart city rankings, where field studies are conducted. Within this limited cluster, creating a large sample group was an important limitation.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This research looks into the existing gaps of the relation between climate resilience of the built environment and the local smart city approach. This examination will foster a holistic approach in the practice of sustainable smart city in the built environment, thus reinforcing urban resilience and climate studies in the context of smart cities.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43736255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the impacts of post-disaster relocation on family dynamics and resilience","authors":"P. Samonte","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-03-2021-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-03-2021-0026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study is to arrive at a conceptual roadmap that may be used to analyze the impacts of post-disaster relocation on a family’s dynamics and how this, in turn, affects their resilience to future disasters. Existing literature shows that the role of the family as a social unit is often overlooked in disaster research. Ultimately, this paper seeks to elevate the place of the family and its internal dynamics as a vital determinant of family resilience in a post-disaster relocation setting.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The study is a result of a systematic literature review of four interrelated topics, namely, families in disasters; post-disaster relocation; disaster resilience and family resilience.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The literature review resulted in an exploration of the experiences of families amidst post-disaster relocation. Such findings were linked towards potential impacts on family dynamics, which then resulted in the study’s proposed roadmap.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The study is a novel attempt at coming up with a conceptual framework that may guide future scholars in determining the effects of family dynamics on a family’s overall disaster resilience amid post-disaster relocation. It is hoped that the use of such a framework will guide policymakers in crafting institutional reforms that take into account family cohesion in disaster relocation efforts.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41673532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land use change and precipitation implication to hydro-meteorological disasters in Central Java: an overview","authors":"I. H. S. Putri, I. Buchori, W. Handayani","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-12-2020-0125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-12-2020-0125","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to prove that land-use change plays a role in the occurrence of hydro-meteorological disasters in Central Java, especially in relation to its upstream and downstream.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The paper presents empirical findings from quantitative research using a spatial analysis and descriptive analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The upstream and downstream area of Central Java is categorized as a rapid development area that results in changes in land use and land cover. The findings showed that there was an increasing number of hydrometeorological disasters such as floods and landslides as the impact of land-use change and rainfall conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000Analysis of the relationship between rainfall and disaster events with more technical and specific analysis could be done in the further research.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000In this study, more analysis in the context of river basin systems including upstream and downstream in different periods to examine the linkage between them have been considered and incorporated.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48412180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping direct flood impacts from a 2020 extreme flood event in Central Vietnam using spatial analysis techniques","authors":"Chinh Luu, Quynh Duy Bui, Jason K von Meding","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-07-2021-0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-07-2021-0070","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000In October 2020, Vietnam was repeatedly hit by large storms, including Linfa, Nangka, Saudel and Molave, causing heavy rains and whirlwinds in the Central provinces of Vietnam. The heavy rain led to severe flooding in many localities. The water levels on major rivers broke records of historical flood events in 1950, 1979, 1999, 2007, 2010 and 2016. In response, this paper aims to quantify the impacts of 2020 flooding to support flood risk management activities and the relief agencies that can use the analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study demonstrates an approach to quickly map flood impacts on population, schools, health-care facilities, agriculture, transportation and business facilities and assess flood risks using available data and spatial analysis techniques.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results show that all districts of Quang Binh were affected by the event, in which 1,014 residential areas, 70 schools, 13 health-care facilities, 32,558 ha of agriculture lands, 402 km road length, 29 km railway, 35 bridges on roads and 239 business facilities were exposed within flooded areas.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000This study is limited to direct or tangible impacts, including flooded residential areas, schools, health-care facilities, agriculture land categories, road networks and business facilities. Indirect or intangible impacts such as health, flood pollution and business disruption should be considered in further studies.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000These detailed impact maps can support decision-makers and local authorities in implementing recovery activities, allocating relief and devoting human resources and developing flood risk management action plans and land-use planning in the future.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000This study investigates the context of flood impacts on population, schools, health-care facilities, agriculture, transportation and business facilities. Based on this research, decision-makers can better understand how to support affected communities and target the most at risk people with interventions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This paper presents a framework to quantify the impacts of the 2020 extreme flood event using available data and spatial analysis techniques in support of flood risk management activities.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41595444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey on the dissemination of Web-based information on “evacuation and sheltering” in the context of COVID-19 by the Japanese Government","authors":"H. Sano, Yohei Chiba, Sachiko Maeda, Chiharu Ikeda, Nobuyuki Handa, Shinya Miura, Y. Usuda","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-01-2021-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-01-2021-0005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study examines the websites of central government ministries, prefectures and municipalities to obtain a comprehensive bird’s-eye view of how they are preparing for natural disasters in the context of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study examines the websites of central government ministries, prefectures and municipalities in Japan to survey the actual status of information dissemination on “evacuation and sheltering” in the context of COVID-19.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000This study found that the central government issued many notices, notifications and administrative communications to prefectures, cities with public health centers and special wards, which were mainly related to opening, securing and operating evacuation centers and improving the environment. It was found that most prefectures disseminated information on both survival and living evacuation and did so from June onward, when the flood season was approaching. Among the municipalities, there were differences in information dissemination tendencies by prefecture, and it became clear that smaller municipalities were especially incapable of fully disseminating information via the Web.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The data from the prefectures and municipalities surveyed in this study were collected from websites and do not necessarily represent the actual response to disaster-related evacuation in the context of COVID-19 in those areas. To clarify this evacuation, more detailed surveys are needed.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study is unique because no research has been conducted on the response of Japanese administrative agencies to disaster-related evacuation in the context of COVID-19; the actual situation was analyzed in this study by examining central government ministries, prefectures and municipalities as administrative agencies and comparing their responses.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45725841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental concerns among the entrepreneurs: a disaster resilience and environment building during the second wave of the COVID-19","authors":"B. Soomro, Naimatullah Shah","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-02-2021-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-02-2021-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose\u0000Nowadays, nearly the whole globe is confronting a severe threat of the COVID-19. The purpose of this paper is to explore the predictors of environmental concerns during the COVID-19 among the entrepreneurs during a second pandemic wave.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The deductive approach is applied based on cross-sectional data. An online response is gotten from entrepreneurs of Pakistan. A convenience sampling is applied to target the entrepreneurs. In total, 220 usable answers ensue for the outcome. The structural equation model (SEM) is used for the assessment of hypotheses.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results of this study highlight a significant and positive effect of uncertainty of COVID-19 (U19), Perceived vulnerability (PV), Risk perception of COVID-19 (RP) and Fear of COVID-19 (F19) on environmental concerns (EC) among the entrepreneurs.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The research outcomes would provide the guidelines to policymakers and planners to develop the policies for reducing the fear, vulnerability, risk and uncertainties during the waves of the COVID-19. The findings of the study would make disaster resilience which COVID-19 creates. The results would provide the re-built environment guidelines by reducing fear, vulnerability, risk and uncertainties. Besides, the findings would help provide the knowledge and practical aspects of disasters in terms of anxiety, exposure, risk and uncertainties, which are hazardous for humans and the environment.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study provides the empirical evidence which is the first time conducted among the entrepreneurs. Besides, this study highlights the predictors such as fear, vulnerability, risk and uncertainties towards EC in the COVID-19 scenario.","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62629040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evacuation of vulnerable people during a Natech: a case study of a flood and factory explosion in Japan","authors":"Nobuhito Ohtsu, A. Hokugo, A. M. Cruz, Yukari Sato, Yuko Araki, Hyejeong Park","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-04-2021-0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-04-2021-0043","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study investigated pre-evacuation times and evacuation behaviors of vulnerable people during the 2018 flooding in Shimobara, Okayama, Japan, and the flood-triggered factory explosion, a natural hazard-triggered technological accident known as a natural-hazard-triggered technological accidents (Natech). This study examined factors that affected evacuation decisions and pre-evacuation time, estimated the evacuation time in case of no explosion and identified community disaster prevention organization response efforts for vulnerable people.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Interviews with all 18 vulnerable people who experienced the event were conducted. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the effect of six factors on evacuation time and reasons for delayed evacuation.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Factors affecting evacuation decisions included the sound of the explosion, followed by recommendations from relatives and the community disaster prevention organization. Explosion-related injuries delayed early evacuation, but experience of previous disasters and damage had a positive effect on early evacuation. The explosion sound accelerated evacuation of non-injured people; however, explosion-related injuries significantly delayed evacuation of injured individuals. The Shimobara community disaster prevention organization’s disaster response included a vulnerable people registry, visits to all local households and a multilayered approach that enabled monitoring of all households.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This is the first study to examine the evacuation behavior of vulnerable people and community responses during a Natech event.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48982560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender-based perception of civil engineering and construction students towards infrastructure and community resilience","authors":"Saeed Rokooei, F. Vahedifard, S. Belay","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-03-2021-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-03-2021-0030","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of gender differences in the perception of civil engineers and construction (CEC) students toward resilience to natural hazards and extreme events in a changing climate. This study also explores to what extent CEC students perceive the status of the US infrastructure systems similar to an external evaluation model (i.e. American Society of Civil Engineers Infrastructure Report Card).\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000An empirical study was conducted to examine the perception of resilience among 103 females and 279 male CEC students from 15 universities across the USA. The obtained data were quantified, and different statistical methods were used to explore the similarities and differences in the gender group responses.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results indicated a significant mean difference (disagreement) between male and female groups in the importance of community resilience, management and handling of natural hazards. In addition, while there was no meaningful difference between female and male students in their content knowledge, female students showed a more accurate perception about impacting factors involved.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The findings of this study offer new insight into the impacts of gender differences in the perception of resilience, which can be used to enhance the educational experience of CEC female students in areas related to community and infrastructure resilience.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43263224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying gaps in early warning mechanisms and evacuation procedures for tsunamis in Sri Lanka, with a special focus on the use of social media","authors":"R. Jayasekara, Gaindu Saranga Jayathilaka, Chandana Siriwardana, D. Amaratunga, R. Haigh, C. Bandara, R. Dissanayake","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-02-2021-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-02-2021-0012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The current National Early Warning System for Sri Lanka (NEWS: SL) was established after the devastations of the Indian Ocean Tsunami in 2004. Although early warning (EW) systems and evacuation procedures are in place, several areas which need improvements have been emphasized in recent studies carried out in the country. Therefore, this paper aims to outline the gaps in existing EW and EP related to tsunami and other coastal hazards with a special focus on the use of social media for disaster communication based on age groups.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study has drawn on a review of past studies carried out by the same research team to identify the scope of the study. In addition to that, a conceptual framework was developed for the use of social media in the event of a disaster. Based on this conceptual framework, an online questionnaire was administered to identify the current status of the use of social media in Sri Lanka during a disaster situation. In total, 408 responses were collected and analyzed using the binary logistic regression method to evaluate the variation of different predictors associated with the use of social media for disaster communication.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Findings of the study revealed that the use of social media for disaster communication depends on the previous experience of users and their age. The gender of users does not affect the use of social media for disaster communication. Therefore, the accuracy and timeliness of disaster information distributed via social media should be improved further to enhance the use of social media for disaster communication. Moreover, the findings have highlighted unaddressed issues in areas such as governance; communication of technical agencies; evacuation and shelters; and response of the community.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This paper has identified key areas that need attention in the process of enhancing the use of social media for disaster communication. More use of technological platforms such as social media for receiving disaster-related information can address issues such as bottlenecks in communication, poor awareness and lack of last-mile dissemination. Furthermore, this paper has proposed recommendations for addressing the identified gaps in the overall EW mechanisms and EP pertaining to tsunamis and other coastal hazards to enhance the coastal disaster resilience in Sri Lanka.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46436422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}