Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis最新文献

{"title":"Communicating Commander's Intent in a Chain of Command With Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis—An Experiment in Air Combat","authors":"Kai Virtanen,&nbsp;Heikki Mansikka,&nbsp;Mikko Kankaisto,&nbsp;Raimo P. Hämäläinen","doi":"10.1002/mcda.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcda.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Decision making in a chain of command with a rapid time frame is typical in military and emergency contexts, and yet the topic has received almost no attention in the MCDA literature. The commander's intent regarding the implementation of an operation is expressed at the top level of the command chain. Before the intent is put into practice, it must be passed through different levels of the chain. Typically, the intention statement does not provide exact guidance on how the operation should be planned and executed on the lower levels. As a result, behavioural effects and biases can distort the interpretations of the intent at the lower levels. The contribution of this paper is an approach for using MCDA to support communication, planning and decision making in the chain of command. In this approach, criteria weights of an MCDA model are determined on the highest level by the commander. Then, the commander's intent is communicated so that the message from the top level also contains these weights, and the MCDA model is utilised on the lower levels. The approach was evaluated in an air force test case. Two air force commanders expressed their intents and corresponding criteria weights for two defensive counter air operations. The criteria were related to the survival of own aircraft, the destruction of enemy aircraft and the expenditure of missiles. The commanders used five weighting methods, that is, SMARTER, Direct, Swing, SMART and AHP. They preferred the Direct and Swing methods. Air force staff officers planned the air operations by following the standard and MCDA-supported planning procedures. The simulation of these operations revealed that the MCDA-supported ones were in better compliance with the commanders' original intent statements. Thus, the MCDA approach appeared to support the integrity of the command chain as the intent was conveyed through it.</p>","PeriodicalId":45876,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcda.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147564451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Trend Analysis of Rank Reversal in Widely Used Decision-Making Methods","authors":"Bitong Li,&nbsp;Ali Abbas","doi":"10.1002/mcda.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcda.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rank reversal is a phenomenon that can occur with various proposed decision-making methods when the rank order of alternatives changes by the inclusion or removal of an uninformative alternative. This survey provides a trend analysis of five widely used decision-making methods that are subject to rank reversal: (i) the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), (ii) the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), (iii) the Preference Ranking Organisation METHod for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE), (iv) the ÉLimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalité (ELECTRE), which means Elimination and Choice Translating Reality and (v) the VIse Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR), which means: Multicriteria Optimization and Compromise Solution in Serbian. The trend analysis also segments the literature based on three categories: (i) literature that proposes a modified procedure of a decision-making method to correct for rank reversal; (ii) literature that identifies the root cause of rank reversal within a method and (iii) literature that evaluates a proposed method based on its potential for rank reversal. The first observation of this paper is that despite the importance of choosing a method for decision-making that avoids rank reversal, and despite several publications on the effects of this issue, applications using methods prone to rank reversal continue to be widely used. Further, by tracing historical publication trends across the three categories, this paper shows how rank reversal research has developed over time, with research on correcting rank reversal (Category 1) remaining steady and dominant, while root-cause analysis of rank reversal within a method (Category 2) and evaluative work (Category 3) are growing. The survey ends by highlighting other methods that are prone to rank reversal but have not had sufficient literature drawing attention to their susceptibility to this issue. Examples include the Min–Max Regret method and the Characteristic Objects Method (COMET) of decision-making. We hope that this work draws further attention and sensitivity to the implications of rank reversal in newly proposed and existing decision-making applications and that it would enable a discussion that would be beneficial to various researchers and practitioners in the broader field of decision-making.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45876,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146016198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Inconsistency Indices Measure Inconsistency of Preferences?","authors":"Matteo Brunelli,&nbsp;Salvatore Corrente","doi":"10.1002/mcda.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcda.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this manuscript, we question the capacity of well-known inconsistency indices to measure, in a cardinal sense, the inconsistency of preferences. We argue that, at present, axiomatic properties of inconsistency indices only guarantee the good behaviour of an index when it comes to rank matrices according to their inconsistency, and the measurement of the intensity of preferences is not guaranteed. We propose to adapt the concept of measurability, established by Multiple Attribute Value Theory, to define measurable inconsistency indices. We conclude by presenting some methods to obtain measurable inconsistency indices.</p>","PeriodicalId":45876,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcda.70026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145824402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scenario-Focused Decision Analysis: Discussion and Research Questions","authors":"Simon French","doi":"10.1002/mcda.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcda.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Scenarios have been used in risk management for many years, first in scenario planning to identify risks and their possible impacts, which may then be explored using quantitative risk analysis. Qualitative scenario planning has been used in supporting decision-making and strategic deliberations generally, and as a tool in problem formulation for quantitative multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) studies. Until relatively recently, however, scenario thinking has not been more fully combined with quantitative MCDA studies. There are issues to overcome in forming meaningful quantitative comparisons between scenarios and in presenting the results to decision-makers in ways that help them reach a conclusion which they judge to be requisite. This paper discusses these issues and offers a research agenda.</p>","PeriodicalId":45876,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcda.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Supportedness in Multi-Objective Integer Linear Programming","authors":"David Könen,&nbsp;Michael Stiglmayr","doi":"10.1002/mcda.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcda.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper addresses an inconsistency in various definitions of supported non-dominated points within multi-objective integer linear optimization problems (MOILPs). MOILP problems are known to contain supported and unsupported non-dominated points, with the latter typically outnumbering the former. Supported points are, in general, easier to determine, can serve as representations and are used in two-phase methods to generate the entire non-dominated point set. Despite their importance, several different characterizations for supported efficient solutions (and supported non-dominated points) are used in the literature. While these definitions are equivalent for multi-objective linear optimization problems, they can yield different sets of supported non-dominated points for MOILP problems. We show by an example that these definitions are not equivalent for MOILP or general multi-objective optimization problems. Moreover, we analyse the structural and computational properties of the resulting sets of supported non-dominated points. These considerations motivate us to summarise equivalent definitions and characterizations for supported efficient solutions and to introduce a distinction between <i>supported</i> and <i>weakly supported</i> efficient solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45876,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcda.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145572426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bi-Level Multi-Criteria Optimization to Include Linear Energy Transfer Into Proton Treatment Planning","authors":"Mara Schubert,&nbsp;Katrin Teichert","doi":"10.1002/mcda.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcda.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In proton therapy treatment planning, the aim is to ensure tumour control while sparing the various surrounding risk structures. The biological effect of the irradiation depends on both physical dose and linear energy transfer (LET). In order to include LET alongside physical dose in plan creation, we propose to formulate the proton treatment planning problem as a particularly structured multi-criteria bi-level optimization problem, which we call hierarchical. We show that the hierarchical multi-criteria bi-level problem can be reduced to a standard multi-criteria optimization (MCO) problem employing a specific domination cone. As the unfavourable properties of this cone prohibit a direct application of standard MCO solution methods, we further illustrate how a more convenient approximate cone can be constructed. Based on the found reduction to a standard MCO problem, we then describe a novel approach to calculate a representation of the non-dominated points for the hierarchical multi-criteria bi-level problem. As a point of reference, we also discuss a second, more brute-force approach. We apply both approaches to a prostate and a head and neck case and compare the results.</p>","PeriodicalId":45876,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcda.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145572418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consistent Completion of Pairwise Comparison Diagonal Block Matrices","authors":"Julio Benítez,&nbsp;Carlos Serra-Jiménez","doi":"10.1002/mcda.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcda.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this article, we study the problem of how to complete a matrix whose blocks on the main diagonal are reciprocal and known and the blocks outside the main diagonal are unknown. All entries in the main diagonal blocks are known, which means that a partition <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mfenced>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>A</mi>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>…</mo>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>A</mi>\u0000 <mi>r</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mfenced>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ left{{A}_1,dots, {A}_rright} $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> of the set of alternatives is made and all judgements are made on each subset <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>A</mi>\u0000 <mi>i</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {A}_i $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>. First, we study the case when a consistent completion exists and find it. Second, if it is not possible, we find the most consistent completion possible. To this end, we use graph theory.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45876,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145521859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Sensitivity and Robustness Analyses in Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Public Policies”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/mcda.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcda.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Azzini, I. and G. Munda. 2025. “Sensitivity and Robustness Analyses in Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Public Policies” <i>Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis</i> 32: e70006</p><p>Table 1 in Azzini and Munda (2025) was incorrect. The correct table is listed below:</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":45876,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcda.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145469671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theo Stewart's Contributions to Research","authors":"Murat Köksalan,&nbsp;Jyrki Wallenius","doi":"10.1002/mcda.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcda.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We review the contributions to research of Theo Stewart. We distinguish two important streams of research: (1) His work supporting applications of multi-criteria decision analysis and multi-objective optimization often seeking to integrate several related fields and different schools, (2) His applied work based on the use of multi-criteria decision analysis and multi-objective optimization, notably dealing with environment, energy, sustainability, land use, and fisheries.</p>","PeriodicalId":45876,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcda.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145407063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considering Strategic Operational Objectives to Solve a Supplier Selection Problem of a Food Company","authors":"Lucia Reis Peixoto Roselli,&nbsp;Adiel Teixeira de Almeida","doi":"10.1002/mcda.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcda.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In an uncertain and competitive world, operational activities need to be aligned with company strategies. In terms of supply chain management, several strategies have been discussed in the literature to improve the performance of a company. In this context, this study presents a supplier selection problem in the context of strategic operations. The study considers classical objectives of manufacturing strategy to support the supplier selection problem for a food company. The study contributes to the literature by discussing and illustrating the use of Decision Support Systems (DSS) to support strategic Multi-Criteria Decision Making/Aiding problems. The novelty of the study is that it considers the strategic operations objectives in a real supplier selection problem. Hence, five real suppliers are considered and are evaluated against seven criteria, namely: Price, Freight, Accuracy, Quality, Flexibility, Lead Time, and Promptness, to attend to strategic operations. The FITradeoff Decision Support System (DSS) is applied to solve this problem. The DSS presents both paradigms for preference modelling i.e., elicitation by decomposition and holistic evaluation. These give more flexibility to Decision-Makers. Therefore, this study focusses on illustrating the use of this DSS to support a supplier selection process from the strategic operations perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":45876,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcda.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}