FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA最新文献

{"title":"Professional profile and expectations of members associated to Pharmaceutical Care in Infectious Diseases group of the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy.","authors":"Iván Oterino-Moreira, Álvaro-Eloy Monje-López, Beatriz Mejuto, Alba Pau-Parra, Leonor Periañez-Parraga, Sonia Luque","doi":"10.1016/j.farma.2025.09.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.farma.2025.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Pharmaceutical Care in Infectious Diseases Group (AFinf) is composed of a coordinating group of 11 pharmacists, 1 fellow, 1 resident pharmacist intern, 4 senior consultants and 221 associate members (July 2025). The aim is to understand and describe the profile of the members as a basis for defining future strategic lines to improve their participation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey was distributed to all AFinf group members, including questions about their professional activity, expectations and potential contributions to the group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 41.7% of associated professionals participated in the survey. The median length of experience in the area of infectious diseases was 5 years (RIC 2-10). Antimicrobial stewardship programmes represented the main area of expertise (73.9%; 95% CI: 63.2-84.5), followed by pharmacokinetic monitoring (16.9%; 95% CI: 7.8-26.0). The priorities of the adherents were to receive training and education (52.3%; 95% CI: 40.2-64.5%) as well as the need to share doubts and experiences (27.7%; 95% CI: 16.8-38.6). Among the respondents, 50.0% (95% CI: 39.0-61.0) consider that they could contribute ideas and experiences, while 31.3% (95% CI: 21.1-41.4) research/collaborate on projects and 18.7% (95% CI: 10.2-27.3) participate in teaching and other group activities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study has allowed us to better understand the professional profile of pharmacists who are members of the AFinf group and to analyze their concerns and possible contributions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45860,"journal":{"name":"FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world effectiveness and safety of atezolizumab-carboplatin-etoposide regimen in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.","authors":"María Belén Aznar de la Riera, Carmen María Valencia Soto, Adela García-Avello Fernández-Cueto, María Victoria Villacañas Palomares, Nerea Muñoz Unceta, Víctor Fernández Martínez, Sara Barbadillo Villanueva, María Rioja Carrera, Marta Valero Dominguez, Virginia Martínez Callejo","doi":"10.1016/j.farma.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.farma.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective is to describe the real-world effectiveness and safety of atezolizumab in combination with carboplatin and etoposide as first-line treatment for patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective observational study of 48 patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer treated with atezolizumab, carboplatin, and etoposide between March 2022 and May 2024 at a tertiary care center. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival and overall survival, analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Safety outcomes and clinical predictors of survival were also assessed using software SPSS v26.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After a median follow-up of 7.6 months (range: 1.5-28.4), median progression-free survival was 5.8 months and median overall survival was 7.1 months. Baseline ECOG performance status (ECOG 1 and 2) and the presence of brain metastases were associated with reduced overall survival. Patients who received ≤2 cycles of maintenance atezolizumab showed inferior survival outcomes. Grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 60.4% (n = 29) of patients, with hematologic toxicity being the most frequent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this real-world cohort, atezolizumab in combination with carboplatin and etoposide demonstrated feasibility and a manageable safety profile in first-line treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. Longer follow-up and larger sample sizes are warranted to confirm these findings and further define prognostic markers in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":45860,"journal":{"name":"FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146041725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the Basel Statements self-assessment questionnaire in eight hospitals in Latin America.","authors":"Esteban Zavaleta-Monestel, Arturo Villalobos-Madriz, Abigail Fallas-Mora, Ernesto Martínez-Vargas, Amil Munich-Calvo, Vania Teixeira, Silvestre Dalmaso-Neto, César Sánchez, Jorge Morales-Vallespín, Antonella Milano-Gil, Dadier Arroyo-Monterroza, Gladys Delgado-Pérez, Michael Stepanovic, Stephen Eackel, Marianne Ivey","doi":"10.1016/j.farma.2025.11.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.farma.2025.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The standardization of hospital pharmacy practice remains a challenge in Latin America due to the heterogeneity of healthcare systems. The Basel Statements, developed by the International Pharmaceutical Federation, provide guidelines aimed at improving patient safety and medication management; however, their implementation across the region is inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the application of the Basel Statements Self-Assessment Questionnaire in hospitals across Latin America and identify priority areas for improvement.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A multicenter study was conducted in eight hospitals from eight countries. A 33-item questionnaire based on the Basel Statements was electronically distributed to clinical and hospital pharmacists. A descriptive analysis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only 25% of hospitals reported effective integration of pharmacists into clinical decision-making. Fewer than one-third had adequate medication traceability systems. Additionally, only 37.5% reported having regulations for the use of dietary supplements. Lack of standardization in medication storage and administration was also observed, increasing the risk of medication errors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Implementation of the Basel Statements in Latin America is heterogeneous and requires targeted interventions. Strengthening pharmacists' involvement in multidisciplinary teams, improving traceability systems, and developing stronger regulations to support the safe use of medications are essential steps to enhance patient safety in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":45860,"journal":{"name":"FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145985234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dosing interval optimization and persistence with faricimab in age-related macular degeneration: An observational study in real-world clinical practice.","authors":"Silvia Cornejo-Uixeda, Joaquín Borrás-Blasco, Alejandro Valcuende-Rosique, Leonor Perez Gil, Nuria Monteagudo-Martinez, Virginia Merino","doi":"10.1016/j.farma.2025.12.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.farma.2025.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate treatment persistence and dosing interval extension with faricimab in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in real-world practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective observational study conducted in a tertiary hospital (March 2024-March 2025). Patients receiving faricimab (treatment-naïve or pre-treated with anti-VEGF therapy), with ≥1 post-loading dose, were included. Dosing intervals were analyzed at baseline, 6 and 12 months, Adherence was assessed with the medication possession ratio (MPR), with >80% considered adherent. Persistence was defined as the time from treatment initiation to discontinuation or end of follow-up. Persistence was estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 129 patients (148 eyes), mean age 74.5 ± 8.85 years; 55% were female. A total of 39 patients (30.2%) were treatment-naïve and 90 (69.8%) were pretreated. At 12 months, 48.8% of naïve and 55.5% of pretreated patients achieved 8-12 weeks intervals. Mean persistence was 12.2 months (SD 0.2; 95% CI: 11.8-12.6). The median was not reached by the end of the study. Persistence rate was 93% at 6 and 12 months. Only one patient discontinued due to inefficacy. No serious adverse events or endophthalmitis occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Faricimab showed excellent persistence and extended dosing intervals in real-world practice. This is the first study specifically evaluating faricimab real-world persistence in nAMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":45860,"journal":{"name":"FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145949396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety of Bruton kinase inhibitors in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Real world clinical practice.","authors":"Rocío Bello-Calvo, Rita González-Resina, Araceli Rubio-Martínez, Itziar Larrodé-Leciñena, María Pilar Delgado-Beltrán, María Reyes Abad-Sazatornil","doi":"10.1016/j.farma.2025.11.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.farma.2025.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) have replaced immunochemotherapy in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The safety profile, particularly in monotherapy indications under real-world clinical practice conditions, is key to optimizing outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the safety and tolerability of continuous/indefinite BTKi therapy in patients with CLL treated in the first line and relapse/refractory (R/R) conditions with BTKi monotherapy, within labeled indications, at a tertiary care hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Observational, retrospective, single-centre study including patients with CLL treated with iBTK (2015-2024). Demographic data, previous lines of treatment, dose adjustments and suspensions, and adverse events (AEs) by system and severity were recorded. Proportions were compared using Fisher's exact test. Treatment continuation was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank tests, and Cox regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-three patients (50.6% male) were included, with a mean age at diagnosis of 67.2 years. Forty-eight (58%) received iBTK as first-line therapy and 35 (42%) in R/R. The most commonly used iBTK was ibrutinib (62.5% in first-line and 88.6% in R/R). Median follow-up was 20.8 months. Overall, 28,9% required dose adjustment, with no differences between the two groups (p = 0.158). Treatment discontinuation was more frequent in patients with R/R patients (74.3% vs 39.6%; RR 1.81; 95% CI: 1.23-2.66; p = 0.002). AE were the most common reason for treatment discontinuation (15.7%). A total of 161 AEs were recorded, with infectious AE being the most frequent category. Respiratory infections were significantly more incident in R/R patients (p = 0.046). Patients with prior exposure to immunochemotherapy had an increased risk of treatment discontinuation (HR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.18-3.89; p = 0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BTKi showed a manageable safety profile, with infections as the most common toxicity and secondary malignancies occurring at rates comparable to those reported in the literature. Treatment discontinuation was less frequent in the frontline setting, underscoring the influence of clinical context and prior therapies. Despite the limitations of a retrospective, single-centre design, this study provides information applicable to daily practice and highlights the importance of close follow-up to optimize both safety and treatment continuity.</p>","PeriodicalId":45860,"journal":{"name":"FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145946535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sterility of repackaged faricimab for intravitreal administration.","authors":"Antonio Raymundo, Lourdes Cervera, Francisco Crespillo, Sara Esplá, Mariola Sirvent","doi":"10.1016/j.farma.2025.10.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.farma.2025.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>New drugs such as faricimab have been developed to treat ophthalmic neovascular diseases. While these drugs increase treatment success, they also increase costs. Repackaging drugs strikes a balance between technical requirements and treatment flexibility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological stability of repackaged faricimab under controlled conditions in order its already demonstrated chemical, biological, and microbiological stability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective, controlled experimental study. The contents of four vials of faricimab were repackaged into 16 silicone oil-free syringes with a low dead space volume. A bubble adaptor was used to ensure the maximum efficiency from fractioning. All samples were stored at 2-8 °C. Four of the syringes were cultivated on blood and Sabouraud agar at set time points (9 days, 16 days, 23 days, and 30 days). The endpoint of the study was positive microbiological growth in any of the samples. Negative and positive controls were cultivated alongside the test samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>None of the 16 samples or the negative controls exhibited microbiological growth at any stage of the culturing process. All positive controls showed microbiological growth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>When repackaged in silicone oil-free syringes, faricimab retains microbiological stability for up to 30 days when it is prepared and stored under controlled conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45860,"journal":{"name":"FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145918889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conocimiento, percepción y predisposición a implantar la estrategia MAPEX en residentes de farmacia hospitalaria en España. Proyecto FIRMAPEX","authors":"María Alfonsín Lara ,&nbsp;Vera Áreas del Águila ,&nbsp;Enrique Contreras Macías ,&nbsp;Almudena Mancebo González ,&nbsp;Beatriz Martínez Castro ,&nbsp;Covadonga Pérez Menéndez-Conde ,&nbsp;Patricia Sanmartín Fenollera ,&nbsp;Ramón Morillo-Verdugo","doi":"10.1016/j.farma.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.farma.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the level of knowledge, perception, and willingness of hospital pharmacy residents in Spain to implement the initiatives of the MAPEX project (Strategic Map for Outpatient Pharmaceutical Care) by the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy in the future, as well as to analyze the influence of outpatient pharmacy rotations on these aspects.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A four-phase study was conducted: information review and analysis, questionnaire design, survey administration, and final report development. A questionnaire was designed to assess knowledge, perception, and application of MAPEX, as well as experience in outpatient pharmacy rotations. Factorial and bivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the questionnaire structure and identify associations between variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 143 residents participated. Of these, 78.3% had completed an outpatient pharmacy rotation, which was significantly associated with greater knowledge (<em>p</em> = 0.02) and application (<em>p</em> = 0.01) of MAPEX. However, only 15.4% had a high level of knowledge, and 12.6% frequently applied the Capacity-Motivation-Opportunity (CMO) methodology. Although 71.3% positively valued motivational interviewing, only 28% used it frequently. Willingness to implement MAPEX was high (73.4%), reaching 100% among those with a high level of knowledge about the project (<em>p</em> = 0.04). Factor analysis identified six factors explaining 66.8% of the total variance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Hospital pharmacy residents demonstrated a positive perception and a high willingness to implement MAPEX, highlighting the need for its structured integration into specialized training. Outpatient pharmacy rotations significantly improve knowledge and application of the CMO methodology, emphasizing their importance in pharmaceutical care training.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45860,"journal":{"name":"FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA","volume":"50 1","pages":"Pages 3-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Translated article] Extravasations of non-cytotoxic drugs: A survey on pharmacist involvement in Spanish hospitals","authors":"Inés Jiménez-Lozano ,&nbsp;Jose Manuel Caro-Teller ,&nbsp;Montserrat Pérez-Encinas ,&nbsp;Helena Esteban Cartelle ,&nbsp;Juan Manuel Rodríguez-Camacho ,&nbsp;María José Fernández-Megía ,&nbsp;Sergio Plata Paniagua ,&nbsp;María José Otero","doi":"10.1016/j.farma.2025.06.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.farma.2025.06.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the involvement of hospital pharmacists in the protocolization, management and clinical follow-up of non-cytotoxic drug extravasations in Spanish hospitals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A survey was distributed through the SEFH email list using the REDCap® web platform. The characteristics of the participating hospitals, the availability of a protocol for managing non-cytotoxic drug extravasations, the healthcare professionals involved in developing the protocol, and the pharmacists' involvement and clinical follow-up in response to these incidents were investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 89 complete responses were obtained from hospitals across 14 Autonomous Communities. Only 12 centers (13.5%) had a protocol that included recommendations for the extravasation of non-cytotoxic drugs, and in 11 (91.7%) of these, the pharmacist had participated in its development. The recommendations for extravasation management were mainly based on intrinsic drug properties such as pH and osmolarity, specific properties like vasoconstrictor drugs, or the classification of drugs as vesicants, irritants, or non-irritants. Wide variability was observed in recommendations regarding the application of cold or heat and hyaluronidase dosage. The decision to consult with pharmacy service regarding the management of extravasation depended largely on the individual nurse or physician's judgment, but 20 centers (22.5%) reported that they never received such consultations. A large proportion of Pharmacy Services (73.0%) reported that they participate in extravasation management by providing information by telephone, but 21 centers (23.6%) indicated that the pharmacist never participates in these adverse events. Limited involvement was also noted in the clinical assessment of the patient, follow-up of the extravasation, and documentation in the patient's medical history.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results of this survey reflect the limited standardization in the management of non-cytotoxic drug extravasations, as well as significant heterogeneity in the level of involvement of hospital pharmacists in these adverse events across hospitals in our country. The need to establish a national guideline or document on the management of non-cytotoxic drug extravasations is highlighted, along with the importance of promoting interdisciplinary collaboration to improve patient safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45860,"journal":{"name":"FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA","volume":"50 1","pages":"Pages T31-T37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145446071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influencia de la edad en la eficacia de la inmunoquimioterapia en el cáncer de pulmón no microcítico","authors":"Alicia Aguado-Paredes ,&nbsp;Laura Moñino-Dominguez ,&nbsp;Jaime Cordero-Ramos ,&nbsp;Emilio Alegre-Del-Rey","doi":"10.1016/j.farma.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.farma.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>There is uncertainty about how age affects the efficacy of immunotherapy due to the natural process of immunosenescence. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess whether age over 65 years affects the efficacy, in terms of overall survival, of immunotherapy treatments in combination with chemotherapy or double immunotherapy, used in first-line metastatic non-small cell lung cancer without molecular alterations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. A systematic search of PubMed and Cochrane Library until April 30, 2024 was conducted to identify randomized clinical trials comparing an experimental treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy versus a platinum-based chemotherapy doublet in patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, without molecular mutations and with any level of programmed death ligand 1 expression. The primary endpoint was the difference in efficacy between those older and younger than 65 years, measured in terms of difference in overall survival hazard ratio. We calculated the hazard ratio for overall survival with its 95% confidence interval in both age groups and assessed heterogeneity using an interaction test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1,505 publications were identified, of which 7 clinical trials were included. In addition, the European public report evaluating pembrolizumab in combination with platinum and nab-paclitaxel was incorporated. In total, the analysis included 5,572 patients: 2,893 under 65 years of age and 2,679 aged 65 years or older. The pooled Hazard Ratio for overall survival for patients in the first group was 0.68 (95% CI: 0.62–0.74), and for the second 0.77 (95% CI: 0.70–0.84). The p-interaction between the pooled Hazard Ratio of both groups was 0.0551.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both those younger and older than 65 years benefit from immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Although there appears to be greater efficacy in those younger than 65 years, the influence of age is not entirely clear.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45860,"journal":{"name":"FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA","volume":"50 1","pages":"Pages 57-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Translated article] Design and validation of IF-CSS frailty index based on the comprehensive geriatric assessment for its application in nursing homes","authors":"Juan Francisco Peris-Martí ,&nbsp;Elia M. Fernández-Villalba ,&nbsp;Patricia Bravo-José ,&nbsp;Carmen Isabel Sáez-Lleó ,&nbsp;Minerva Espert-Roig ,&nbsp;Pilar Martínez-Antequera","doi":"10.1016/j.farma.2025.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.farma.2025.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To validate the IF-CSS frailty index according to its predictive capacity for mortality and to define the intervals compatible with frailty states.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An observational, retrospective, multicenter study of a cohort of elderly patients from four nursing homes with a follow up between 12 and 38 months was conducted. The IF-CSS comprised 17 variables across four domains from the comprehensive geriatric assessment. Contrast of hypothesis log-rank for survival curves according to IF-CSS index was performed. The predictive model of survival time was performed using a parametric accelerated failure model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>535 patients with a mean age of 83.62 years (SD<!--> <!-->7.84) were included. Mortality rate during the study period was 39.8%. Survival curves by frailty intervals showed significant differences (<em>χ</em>² = 92; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The comparative analysis also showed significant differences for almost all the variables included in the construct. The parametric model of accelerated failure estimated a 29% reduction in survival time for each tenth of an increase in the IF-CSS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The IF-CSS results in a tool with a frailty discriminative and mortality predictive capacity that allows its use in the care programs of nursing homes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45860,"journal":{"name":"FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA","volume":"50 1","pages":"Pages T23-T30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145446033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}