SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing最新文献

{"title":"Peculiarities of the Design of Housing Parts of Large Direct Current Machines","authors":"Oleksii Tretiak, Serhii Serhiienko, Anton Zhukov, P. Gakal, Yevhen Don, Mariia Arefieva, I. Tretiak, Stanislav Kravchenko, Oleg Bohozhavets","doi":"10.4271/05-17-01-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/05-17-01-0005","url":null,"abstract":"In the given work the design and stress–strain calculation of housing parts of large machines during operation are considered. At the same time, both classical electromagnetic forces and technological operations necessary for mechanical processing and assembly of such objects as well as transportation processes are taken into account for the first time. The task of analyzing of the stress–strain state of the framework was solved in the three-dimensional setting using the finite element method by the SolidWorks software complex. The three-dimensional analysis of the stress–strain state of the structure for technological operations, namely tilting, lifting, and moving the large DC machines frame without poles and with poles, showed that the values of mechanical stresses that arise in the connections of the frame exceed the permissible limits, resulting in significant deformation of the structure. The work proposed the modernized frame design with additional stiffeners and re-calculated the stress–strain state of the unit. The analysis, that was carried out, showed that when performing technological operations, the mechanical stresses that arise do not exceed the permissible ones, and all deformations are in the elastic zone for the given metal.","PeriodicalId":45859,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing","volume":"95 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Characterization for Multiple Cones and Cone Portions\u0000 Utilizing X-Ray Diffraction in Single Point Incremental Forming","authors":"Radhe Shyam Bhasker, Yogesh Kumar, Fariborz Forouhandeh","doi":"10.4271/05-17-01-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/05-17-01-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Single point incremental forming (SPIF) is a robust and new technique. In the\u0000 recent research scenario, materials properties such as microstructure,\u0000 micro-texture analysis, and crystal structure can be accessed through\u0000 characterization non-destructive techniques, e.g., scanning electron microscope\u0000 (SEM), electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), and X-ray diffraction (XRD).\u0000 XRD is a non-destructive method for analyzing the fine structure of materials.\u0000 This study explores how process variables such as wall angle, step size, feed\u0000 rate, and forming speed affect the parts of large-, medium-, and small-sized\u0000 truncated cones of aluminum alloy AA3003-O sheet. Several cone parts of\u0000 truncated cones are used in this investigation to implement Scherrer’s method.\u0000 The two primary determining factors peak height and crystallite size are\u0000 assessed for additional analysis in the present research. Observing and\u0000 evaluating different types of large-, medium-, and small-sized truncated cones\u0000 are to comprehend the thickness distribution, intensity, crystallinity,\u0000 dislocation density, and micro strain affected by the forming depth at which\u0000 they developed. The medium-sized truncated cones exhibit dual characteristics\u0000 when employed as the middle and bottom for intensity, crystallinity, dislocation\u0000 density, and micro strain.","PeriodicalId":45859,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing","volume":"42 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138597633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Two-Step Austempering Process on the Microstructure and\u0000 Mechanical Properties of Low-Carbon Equivalent Austempered Ductile\u0000 Iron","authors":"Lakshmiprasad Maddi, Vinayak Dakre, A. Likhite, Shailkumar Pathak","doi":"10.4271/05-17-01-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/05-17-01-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Low-carbon equivalent austempered ductile iron (LCE-ADI) exhibits high modulus of\u0000 elasticity than conventional austempered ductile iron (ADI) due to less graphite\u0000 content. Austempering parameters of temperature and time significantly influence\u0000 the mechanical properties of LCE-ADI. In the present work, response of the\u0000 material to two-step austempering in the range of 350–450°C was studied, and a\u0000 comparison was made to single-step austempering. Reduction in ferrite cell size,\u0000 increase in % carbon in carbon-stabilized austenite (CSA) and increase in volume\u0000 fraction of CSA led to increase in tensile strength (10%) and hardness (20%), in\u0000 addition to improved toughness (10%).","PeriodicalId":45859,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing","volume":"10 S8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138623017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of High-Strength, Low-Alloy Steel on Fatigue Life at a Non-Load-Bearing Transverse Welded Attachment","authors":"Gareth Allan Ramsay, Gerhard Venter, Johann Bredell","doi":"10.4271/05-17-01-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/05-17-01-0002","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the influence of high-strength low-alloy steel on the fatigue life of a load-bearing member with a non-load-bearing transverse welded attachment (T-joint). It compared high cycle fatigue data to two fatigue design codes, namely BS 7608 and Eurocode EN 1993-1-9. Different base and filler material combinations of varying material strengths were investigated, resulting in a total of three different specimen configurations. Two material combinations had a high-strength steel (Strenx® 700 MC D) for the base material, with one combination having a matched filler material and the other having an undermatched filler material. The third material combination had a lower-strength steel (S 355 JR AR) for the base material, with a matched filler material. Tensile tests were performed to confirm the base material mechanical properties and weld quality of the manufactured specimens. The investigation showed that there was no significant benefit to using high-strength steel as the base material for a fatigue loaded T-joint with a non-load-bearing welded attachments.","PeriodicalId":45859,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing","volume":"70 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139263549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Dual Extrusion Fused Filament Fabrication Process Parameters for 3D Printed Nylon-Reinforced Composites: Pathway to Mobile and Transportation Revolution","authors":"Ashish Kaushik, Pardeep Kumar, Sumit Gahletia, Ramesh Kumar Garg, Ashish Kumar, Mohit Yadav, J. Giri, Deepak Chhabra","doi":"10.4271/05-17-01-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/05-17-01-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Nylon polymer with an optimal blend of Kevlar, fiberglass, and high-speed, high temperature (HSHT) Fiberglass offers improved characteristics such as flexural strength, wear resistance, electrical insulation, shock absorption, and a low friction coefficient. For this reason, the polymer composite manufactured by combining HSHT, Kevlar, and fiberglass with nylon as base material will expand the uses of nylon in the aerospace, automotive, and other industrial applications related to ergonomic tools, assembly trays, and so forth. The proposed work was carried out to investigate the continuous fiber reinforcement (CFR) in nylon polymer using a dual extrusion system. Twenty experimental runs were designed using a face-centered central composite design (FCCD) approach to analyze the influence of significant factors such as reinforcement material, infill pattern, and fiber angle on the fabricated specimen as per American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) standards. The tensile strength, percentage elongation, and surface roughness of each test specimen (ASTM) have been investigated using the universal testing machine (UTM) and a surface roughness tester. A set of regression equations connecting process input factors and output features have been derived using the response surface methodology (RSM). In addition, the MOGA-ANN method is employed to achieve the multi-response targets. The results show that the best tensile strength and surface roughness are achieved with a 64.5-degree fiber angle, fiberglass CFR, and a triangular infill pattern, while the best balance and optimal response are achieved with a 49.2575-degree fiber angle, a rectangular fill pattern, and fiberglass reinforcement using the MOGA-ANN evolutionary hybrid algorithm. With MOGA-ANN, the least surface roughness of 1.43158 microns, maximum tensile strength, and percentage elongation of 37.869 MPa and 51.05% were attained at these parameters, and the same has been validated experimentally.","PeriodicalId":45859,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139277616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviewers","authors":"Yung-Li Lee","doi":"10.4271/05-16-04-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/05-16-04-0028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Reviewers</div>","PeriodicalId":45859,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136347712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Editor-in-Chief: Dr. Mark Barkey","authors":"Mark Barkey","doi":"10.4271/05-16-04-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/05-16-04-0029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>New Editor-in-Chief: Dr. Mark Barkey</div>","PeriodicalId":45859,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing","volume":"50 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135431600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm for Multi-objective Optimization of Multi-pass Face Milling of Polyamide (PA6)","authors":"Aissa Laouissi, Hammoudi Abderazek, Mourad Nouioua, M. Sait Sadiq","doi":"10.4271/05-16-04-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/05-16-04-0027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Milling is a prevalent machining technique employed in various industries for the production of metallic and non-metallic components. This article focuses on the optimization of cutting parameters for polyamide (PA6) using carbide tools, utilizing a recently developed multi-objective, nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm known as the Multi-Objective Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (MOGOA). This optimization process’s primary objectives are minimizing surface roughness and maximizing the material removal rate. By employing the MOGOA algorithm, the study demonstrates its efficacy in successfully optimizing the cutting parameters. This research’s findings highlight the MOGOA algorithm’s capability to effectively fine-tune cutting parameters during PA6 machining, leading to improved outcomes in terms of surface roughness reduction and enhanced material removal rate.</div>","PeriodicalId":45859,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136106812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Medium-Carbon Steel Drawn Wire","authors":"Amina Ourabi, Mosbah Zidani, Salim Messaoudi, Tahar Abid, Mohamed Chaouki Nebbar, François Brisset, Thierry Baudin","doi":"10.4271/05-16-04-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/05-16-04-0026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>In this article, the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of medium-carbon steel wire intended for the spring mattress is investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), X-ray diffraction, Vickers hardness (Hv), and tensile strength. The results indicate that the microstructure elongation along the wire axis is observed with the bending and kinking lamellae at the deformation level of 57.81%, this change appears as a fracture in the microstructure and leads to an increase in hardness, tensile strength, and intensities of diffraction patterns. After heat treatment, we observed a redistribution in the grain, which is almost the same in the wire rod and drawn wires; indeed, this led to a decrease in hardness, tensile strength, and augmentation in intensities of peaks. The EBSD pole figures reveal the development of texture in the cementite slip plane (001).</div>","PeriodicalId":45859,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135294666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced Value Stream Mapping: Development of a Conceptual Model Considering Variability in Production Processes","authors":"Alaa Salahuddin Araibi, A. I. M. Shaiful, Muhanad Hatem Shadhar","doi":"10.4271/05-16-04-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/05-16-04-0025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Recently, lean manufacturing (LM) practices are being combined with tools and techniques that belong to other areas of knowledge such as risk management (RM). Value stream mapping (VSM) is a well-known tool in showing the value, the value stream, and the flow, which represents the three lean principles. VSM and RM, when used in tandem with one another, are more advantageous in covering VSM issues such as the variability of production processes. In this article, a conceptual model that integrates the two is shown and explained. The model helps to generate scenarios of current state map (CSM) and future state map (FSM) in a dynamic way by identifying current and potential risks. These risks might happen in the future, bringing with it negative ramifications including not reaching the main objectives within the defined time. The model has been tested in a coffee production company belonging to health and food sector. The proposed model specified the ranges of variability through the drawing of CSM and FSM. This is quite a milestone because one of the challenges of VSM is that it is a static tool, and, as such, process variability cannot be captured appropriately. This new model is expected to overcome this drawback.</div>","PeriodicalId":45859,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing","volume":"217 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135096427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}