Intelligent Buildings International最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing the quality of bid evaluation in government refurbishment projects","authors":"G. Alwis, B. Perera, S. Gallage, I. Indikatiya","doi":"10.1080/17508975.2020.1753639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2020.1753639","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In government refurbishment projects, contractors are selected through competitive bidding. The special characteristics of these projects, such as complexity, uncertainty, lack of design details and unclear scope, and the accountability expected from them, make it necessary to have in place a proper procedure for evaluating the bids received for these projects. Some of the major problems encountered when evaluating these projects are the small number of bids received, wide differences noticed among the submissions and the difficulties experienced in the assessment of the impact of non-price factors of the bidders. The adjustment of the weightages given to project requirements; and the determination of the actual capabilities and the impact of the non-price factors of the bidders would improve the quality of the bids, the efficiency of the overall bid evaluation procedure; and the success of the projects.","PeriodicalId":45828,"journal":{"name":"Intelligent Buildings International","volume":"14 1","pages":"375 - 390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17508975.2020.1753639","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46002667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renewable energy adoption in the built environment: a sociotechnical network approach","authors":"R. Weerasinghe, R. Yang, Eric Too, T. Le","doi":"10.1080/17508975.2020.1752134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2020.1752134","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The transition to renewable energy system in the building industry is a complex process comprising various technology elements and influenced by multiple stakeholders and various functions. Without unravelling how technical systems are embedded with social components, the opportunity for successful implementation is compromised. Therefore, this paper examines the influence of sociotechnical elements on renewable energy uptake in the building industry. This study adopts a sociotechnical network perspective and proposes a meta-network analysis (multi-link and multi-node network) to assess complex sociotechnical systems and uses an example of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) uptake to demonstrate the approach. A comprehensive literature review and 20 interviews assisted in the development of the sociotechnical network. The adoption process is transformed to a three-node network,with nodes as social actors, technical artefacts and actions (drivers that influence the deployment). The findings reveal significant sociotechnical elements as adopters/clients: governments, BIPV panels, energy storage systems and the building. The system performances, uniform standards, regulations and building codes, stakeholder collaborations, incentives and upfront cost are highlighted as critical drivers influencing deployment. The goal of the study is to inform practitioners and researchers how social and technical dynamics shape successful renewable energy transition in the building sector.","PeriodicalId":45828,"journal":{"name":"Intelligent Buildings International","volume":"13 1","pages":"33 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17508975.2020.1752134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44090758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lighting in the third dimension: laser scanning as an architectural survey and representation method","authors":"Myriam Rodrigue, Claude M. H. Demers, Mojtaba Parsaee","doi":"10.1080/17508975.2020.1745741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2020.1745741","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper proposes tridimensional (3D) laser scanning to architects and lighting designers as a lighting enquiry and visualization method for existing built environments. The method constitutes a complement to existing lighting methods by responding to limitations of photometric measurements, computer simulation and HDR imagery in surveying and visualizing light in actual buildings. The research explores advantages and limitations of 3D laser scanning in a case study addressing a vast, geometrically complex and fragmented naturally and artificially lit space. Lighting patterns and geometry of the case study are captured with a 3D laser scanner through a series of four scans. A single 3D model of the entire space is produced from the aligned and fused scans. Lighting distribution patterns are showcased in relation to the materiality, geometry and position of windows, walls, lighting fixtures and day lighting sources. The point cloud model of the case study is also generated into a video format representing the entire building as well as different viewpoints. The study shows that the proposed method provides powerful visualization results due to the unlimited number of images that can be generated from a point cloud and facilitates understanding of existing lighting conditions in spaces.","PeriodicalId":45828,"journal":{"name":"Intelligent Buildings International","volume":"14 1","pages":"222 - 238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17508975.2020.1745741","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42539391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substantiation of home occupant archetypes with the use of generative techniques: analysis and results of focus groups","authors":"M. Ortiz, Dong Hyun Kim, P. Bluyssen","doi":"10.1080/17508975.2020.1747381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2020.1747381","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A previous study clustered home occupants into archetypes with a questionnaire. This study uses qualitative methods to strengthen those previously-found archetypes with data pertaining to the participants’ home experiences. Focus groups were carried out where generative activities were conducted involving the generation of collages. The first activity dealt with the expression of ‘meaning of energy use at home’ and the second one with the ‘ideal home experience’. Analyses were done with content and thematic analysis. Codes were drawn from the data and were assimilated through an affinity diagram. The diagram produced two categories: building themes and human themes, along with five sub-categories (home, financial, energy, psychological, and behavioural aspects). The outcome shows that each archetype expresses needs and meanings of an ideal home experience and energy use differently from each other. The results provide evidence that generative techniques can be used in energy research. In this case, to validate and substantiate the quantitative archetypes previously produced with a questionnaire. Interpretive knowledge in energy research allows for a better understanding of occupants’ differing behavioural patterns in regards to energy use and comfort. It allows customizing interventions to the archetypes’ specific needs to decrease energy consumption while maintaining comfort.","PeriodicalId":45828,"journal":{"name":"Intelligent Buildings International","volume":"14 1","pages":"239 - 257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17508975.2020.1747381","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46237407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial","authors":"D. Clements–Croome","doi":"10.1080/17508975.2020.1741780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2020.1741780","url":null,"abstract":"In earlier issues, I have written about the importance of transdisciplinarity. Different industries move at different paces and some develop technologies much more quickly than others. Cross-sector learning provides vital intersections of knowledge. So what will be the shape of things to come? In previous editorials I have stressed the importance of the Fourth Industrial Revolution but here is another view very closely related. According to Clive Cookson in the FT 4th January 2020, there are five primary scenarios from which other disciplines may learn. Cosmology and space science uses advanced instrumentation which may have lessons for environmental measurements on Earth. In buildings and architecture as we measure more we need to use the most reliable methods which produce useful data with built-in analytics. Artificial intelligence with deep learning programmes and self-generative algorithms can assist in planning, design and operating machines or buildings. Robots can already carry out many tasks such as systems maintenance for example. Digital assistants can relieve people of repetitive administrative work. Patterns in neuroscience are entering many fields including architecture. How connectivity works with billions of neurones to structure human intelligence is a wonder to behold. Imagine neurones as proxies for people then perhaps we can plan cities with ideal connectivity like a healthy brain. Medicine is a priority for Governments and attracts finance. The coronavirus has quickly been very quickly a source of considerable finance. Research in stem cell and gene therapy are just some examples which will lead to discoveries which will over spill into other fields. You can now shop with your DNA using a wrist band which can be used to identify healthy food choices to match your personal DNA profile. This could be a real progressive step to helping people to improve their health and wellbeing. Another area is the growing use of wearables to self-monitor health. Climate change has a chorus of urgency proclamations but actions towards the use of renewals and extinguishing reliance on fossil fuels is still too slow. At present renewables supply about 26% of the global power and this is expected to rise to 30% by 2024 (Towards a Sustainable Future by D. Elliott in Physics World, January 2020, page 19). Energy storage requires a breakthrough. Grid balancing and demand management are other areas under development. The energy mix still needs some inputs from nuclear. There are major research programmes in nuclear fusion which overcome many of the disadvantages of nuclear fission. Much more investment is needed if we are to meet the COP targets and the various zero-carbon deadlines mooted by different countries between 2030 and 2050. However, all these aspirations can fail if there is another global downturn. Human activities at various levels have accelerated climate change beyond the natural cycles of change observed over millennia. Governments, c","PeriodicalId":45828,"journal":{"name":"Intelligent Buildings International","volume":"12 1","pages":"69 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17508975.2020.1741780","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43110735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biophilic design and office planting: a case study of effects on perceived health, well-being and performance metrics in the workplace","authors":"Nalise Hähn, Emmanuel Essah, T. Blanusa","doi":"10.1080/17508975.2020.1732859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2020.1732859","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The philosophy of building ‘lean’ workplaces, to maximise occupant performance, has seen a stripping away of nature within built environments. However, the biophilia hypothesis indicates that a severance in human connection with nature can lead to significant reductions in health, well-being and performance. The aim of this study was to determine whether introducing and removing living plants within an office environment can affect occupants’ perceived health, well-being and performance metrics. 40 occupants took part within a modern office building with 2 potted plants per person introduced into individual offices, and 8 in break-out spaces. Changes in occupants’ perception were tested using questionnaires. Whether the location of planting impacted measured parameters and occupants’ workplace satisfaction was also investigated. Introducing plants into offices had significantly positive effects on occupants’ perceived attention, creativity and productivity; plants’ removal elicited significantly negative effects in perceived attention, productivity, stress and efficiency. Planting had no significant effect on perceived health, tiredness, motivation or well-being. Furthermore, interactions with plants during break times had no significant effect on perceived performance metrics. This study showed occupants to have improved satisfaction with their overall workplace environment when they have physical and visual access to plants within their offices and break-out spaces.","PeriodicalId":45828,"journal":{"name":"Intelligent Buildings International","volume":"55 12","pages":"241 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17508975.2020.1732859","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41297927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘User-Home relationship’ regarding user experience of smart home products","authors":"Hatice Sadikoglu-Asan","doi":"10.1080/17508975.2020.1726724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2020.1726724","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Technological developments in recent years have radically advanced the design of smart home products. With the help of artificial intelligence, the interaction between user and product has been raised to a new level. While AI has been changing the type of interaction, the relationships between user, product and home have gained importance to provide useful and meaningful outputs for smart home systems. This paper proposes a new approach by focusing on a specific relationship. The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between the user and the home to obtain insight into improving the user experience quality. The research explores specific characteristics such as home-occupancy status, home type and number of members of a household. This study consists of a literature review on the concept of smart home and a field study. The field study was conducted with 48 participants in the Bay Area, San Francisco. Following this, multiple-choice questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were conducted. With the findings of the study, the impact of the user-home relationship on the user experience of smart home products is discussed. We propose that this relationship should be taken into consideration as a new dynamic dimension for developing user experience strategies.","PeriodicalId":45828,"journal":{"name":"Intelligent Buildings International","volume":"14 1","pages":"114 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17508975.2020.1726724","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44583308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on building energy consumption prediction model based on fractal theory","authors":"Junqi Yu, Sen Jiao, Yue Zhang, Xisheng Ding, Jiali Wang, Tong Ran","doi":"10.1080/17508975.2019.1709406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2019.1709406","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nowadays, the energy problem is becoming more and more serious, and the actual energy consumption of the building is one of the important links in the field of building energy conservation. At present, most prediction algorithms fail to fully consider the complex characteristics of building energy consumption, resulting in unsatisfactory prediction results. Fractal theory can directly analyze some rules of abstract composite complex nonlinear things and then analyze and predict them correctly. Therefore, it is also a new way to analyze fractal theory and solve the problem of large-scale public construction energy consumption prediction. Taking a building as the object, an energy consumption prediction model using the fractal collage principle and fractal interpolation algorithm is proposed. In order to verify the validity of the model, a prediction model of traditional mature BP neural network is established, and the experimental results of the two models were compared. Mean relative error (MRE) and root mean square error (RMSE) basis are used to evaluate the performance of the model on the daily. The results show that the fractal prediction model has good prediction effect and accuracy. The energy prediction data provided by the model can provide a scientific basis for energy management and energy conservation control of such buildings.","PeriodicalId":45828,"journal":{"name":"Intelligent Buildings International","volume":"12 1","pages":"309 - 317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17508975.2019.1709406","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41870835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participatory facility design challenges in two university hospitals","authors":"Jori Reijula, V. Ruohomäki, M. Lahtinen, K. Reijula","doi":"10.1080/17508975.2017.1342591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2017.1342591","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Healthcare (HC) providers are expected to enhance their work efficiency, while resources for HC remain scarce. In order to accomplish this, efficient work environments must be developed. Although not yet a common practice in today’s hospitals, participatory design is a useful tool for improving HC facility design (FD). Thematic interviews were used as a study method. Employees from two Finnish central hospitals (n = 14) were interviewed. The interviews were carried out among, for example, hospital and project managers, facility designers and hospital user group representatives. The interviews revealed that participatory design can improve several aspects of FD, such as staff satisfaction, trust and teamwork. Clarifying reasons behind the decision-making process and instilling cohesion among the FD participants seemed beneficial. The hospital units that had systematically listened to the users and involved them in the decision-making process had also gained the users’ commitment and encountered little resistance. The challenges associated with participatory design included, for example, guiding the employees to project-based FD, utilizing users’ know-how, getting everyone involved, and eliminating silo mentality. Several similarities were found in the participatory FD processes in the two target hospitals. The users of hospital facilities provide an important resource for designing new hospitals. The two study target hospitals had significantly benefited from using participatory design in their FD projects.","PeriodicalId":45828,"journal":{"name":"Intelligent Buildings International","volume":"12 1","pages":"16 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17508975.2017.1342591","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42470558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial","authors":"D. Clements–Croome","doi":"10.1080/17508975.2019.1703513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2019.1703513","url":null,"abstract":"I start with a mention of the papers in this issue. In any country the national health provision is the or one of the most important issues. Finland is a country with a small population but is highly organised and we can learn a lot from how they manage their health programmes. In two papers here by Reijula et al. and Ruohoaho et al. we learn how user centric design and mapping value streams can reduce waiting times and meet the needs of staff and patients more effectively. Social care is a continuing problem for society to deal with effectively. This involves some critical decision-making. Huisman et al. in the Netherlands have developed a structural approach which involves healthcare professionals contributing to the design process to ensure the needs of older people who are often frail are accounted for. Climate change are words on everyone’s lips today. Buildings contribute about 39% to world emissions according to the UN so every effort is needed to propel the use of renewable energy sources forward at a faster pace. Solar energy is and will continue to play an important role in this. Ali Khan et al. from India describe ways in which photovoltaic systems can operate more efficiently. Building better homes, towns and cities is another international theme but here focused on Auckland in New Zealand. Ghaffarianhoseini et al. propose a conceptual model to help Auckland to realise this. And now some current debates. Buildings use 50% of materials and generate 45% waste. Developments in materials science and in the processes for making materials are going to impact design and construction. Off site construction using 3D printing saves time, waste and manpower so the embodied energy is less whilst also reducing on site pollution. Traditional materials like hemp, straw and wood remain important. Concrete and brick can reduce their embodied energy by embedding graphene for example in their mix. Film coatings like Titanium Dioxide and other chemical compounds can affect solar reflectance dramatically so reduce cooling loads. Self-healing and self-cleaning materials are now available. The use of biomaterials is another area offering significant advances in sustainability terms. Materials also affect people’s health via emissions of their volatile compounds but they also positively contribute to the look and feel of the space. They affect sound distribution and quality as well as thermal performance. All these issues are the substance of the British Council for Offices Report Making the Future Workplace: Materials and methods towards a circular economy, launched on 3 December 2019, written by professionals from AKT II; AHMM and Reading University The application of digital twins is now frequently in the news. A digital twin is a digital representation of a physical asset and uses data from surveys, BIM and other sources. Emily Ashwell (see New Civil Engineer, December 2019, pages 38–39) describes how a 4D digital twin has been used to model changes to a","PeriodicalId":45828,"journal":{"name":"Intelligent Buildings International","volume":"12 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17508975.2019.1703513","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46464730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}