EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES最新文献

{"title":"The Limits of Familiarity: Authorship and Romantic Readers by Lindsay Eckert, and: Sister Novelists: The Trailblazing Porter Sisters, Who Paved the Way for Austen and the Brontës by Devoney Looser (review)","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.a909456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.a909456","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: The Limits of Familiarity: Authorship and Romantic Readers by Lindsay Eckert, and: Sister Novelists: The Trailblazing Porter Sisters, Who Paved the Way for Austen and the Brontës by Devoney Looser Stephanie Insley Hershinow Lindsay Eckert, The Limits of Familiarity: Authorship and Romantic Readers ( Lewisburg, PA: Bucknell Univ. Press, 2022). Pp. 258; 6 b/w, 3 color illus. $120.00 cloth, $34.95 paper. Devoney Looser, Sister Novelists: The Trailblazing Porter Sisters, Who Paved the Way for Austen and the Brontës ( New York: Bloomsbury, 2022). Pp. 576; 16 pp. insert. $30.00 cloth. How did Romantic writers imagine their readers? How did Romantic readers imagine those writers? Scholars working in book history and on print culture, on celebrity and on reception have illuminated our understanding of the relationships between artists, their intimates, and their admirers. It is no longer considered anachronistic to talk of the \"fandoms\" that grew around certain illustrious figures; rather, historicizing such subcultures is understood to be a mission worthy of serious study. The two books under consideration in this review tackle these questions via different genres and at different scales. Lindsay Eckert's The Limits of Familiarity: Authorship and Romantic Readers is a monograph, a study of the thorny subject of \"familiarity\" in Romantic-era writing and culture. Devoney Looser's Sister Novelists: The Trailblazing Porter Sisters, Who Paved the Way for Austen and the Brontës is a biography—the first, somehow—of Jane and Maria Porter, prolific writers whose names were well known in Regency parlors as both celebrated authors and as subjects of rumor and speculation. Eckert offers an expansive view of the era, treating both the usual suspects (like Wordsworth and Byron) and those less often analyzed in their own right (like Lady Caroline Lamb or Hazlitt-as-novelist). Zooming in on a single case, Looser shapes the scattered but extensive correspondence between Jane and Maria Porter into an immersive account that tracks a single family but also, given the sisters' many famous and infamous correspondents, opens up to capture their broader milieu. Read together, [End Page 107] Looser and Eckert give us a complex, enticing picture of Romantic celebrity—one that expands the terrain beyond the stories we're used to. Eckert argues that successful authorship in the Romantic era depended on the careful navigation of challenging expectations about how best to establish connections—in and outside of the printed text—between authors and readers. One way to think of Eckert's study is as a prehistory of parasocial relationships (though this is not a term she employs). Social media has, as countless op-eds have warned us, encouraged fans to foster unhealthy relationships to celebrities they have never actually met (and likely never will meet). The seemingly direct access granted by social media can appear to flatten hierarchies (or, put more optimistically, to d","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"375 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"It Is Now Time for Music","authors":"Joseph Roach","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.a909452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.a909452","url":null,"abstract":"It Is Now Time for Music Joseph Roach (bio) What an extraordinary honor it is to be remembered so generously for a book about the persistence of forgetting. My gratitude wells up proportionately. Each of the distinguished contributors remembers something of horizon-expanding importance that I forgot to know: Lisa Freeman, that the neologism glocal would have more clearly expressed the geohistorical relationships I had in mind, had I thought to use it; Kathleen Wilson, that performance—transportable, adaptable, irresistible—both proselytized for the British Empire and fomented resistance to it across all the oceans of the world, \"from the Caribbean to the bay of Bengal, and the South Atlantic to the China Sea\"; Elizabeth Dillon, that a walk in Ralph Waldo Emerson's footsteps along the \"Freedom Trail\" across America's oldest park traverses a regional palimpsest of hemispheric racial violence; Amy Huang, that our mapping of the transoceanic flows of cultural substitutions must include Asian peoples; and Daniel O'Quinn, that Jessye Norman's Dido verifies Afro-diasporic surrogation. Perspicaciously, O'Quinn queries my omission of the haunting curse that Virgil's Dido puts on the departing Aeneas and his descendants, calling on her avenger to rise from her bones. My excuse is as abject as it is pertinent to the occasion: I forgot. Indeed, none of these or other similarly recovered memories should ever be taken for granted. \"What Americans mean by 'history,''' James Baldwin wrote, \"is something that they can forget.\"1 Today, when the latest instant newsfeeds reenact scenarios of the Enlightenment's greatest failure, scholars of performance, past and present, have it in their power to challenge such refractory postponements of racial reckoning. In the Prologue to her transformative Strolling Players of Empire: Theater and Performances of Power in the British Imperial Provinces, 1656–1833 (2022), for instance, Kathleen Wilson remembers what generations of theater historians forgot: the \"good ship Charming Sally,\" which famously [End Page 41] delivered the first professional acting company to American shores in 1752, was a slaver. Daniel O'Quinn navigates another quadrant of the same sea of tears when he evokes the cries of the drowning jetsam in NourbeSe Philip's Zong! Did their avengers arise from their bones? Do they still? Will they always? And Amy Huang maps an oceanic Asian current that runs so far and so deep, reminding her senior colleagues not to forget that the next wave of scholarly research in the field is already building even as ours crests. Anyone's memory can fail, but forgetting to remember differs from remembering to forget. Forgetting to remember might arise from unconscious repression, inattention, infirmity, or, as is so often the case, intractable cluelessness. Remembering to forget, by contrast, requires volition. I remembered to forget the Puritans, for instance, as Elizabeth Dillon points out. But the best antidote to forgetting, a","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slavery and the Making of Early American Libraries: British Literature, Political Thought, and the Transatlantic Book Trade, 1731–1814 by Sean D. Moore (review)","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.a909462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.a909462","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Slavery and the Making of Early American Libraries: British Literature, Political Thought, and the Transatlantic Book Trade, 1731–1814 by Sean D. Moore Matthew Sangster Sean D. Moore, Slavery and the Making of Early American Libraries: British Literature, Political Thought, and the Transatlantic Book Trade, 1731–1814 ( Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2019). Pp. 288; 21 b/w illus. $91.00 cloth. Slavery and the Making of Early American Libraries argues convincingly that \"the African slave was the property that created the sovereign, virtuous, agrarian white civic republican\" (15). It achieves this by bringing to light forms of exploitation that both subsidized and informed eighteenth-century literary culture. The book constructs its argument by considering interconnected material and ideological spheres, examining the sources of wealth that allowed well-to-do subscription library members access to expensive cultural luxuries alongside analyzing literary works that were held in and circulated from such libraries. An extensive preface and introduction work in concert to set out the book's principal contentions and parameters. In the introduction, the careful discussions of historiography and the commitment to clarity of argument are particularly impressive. Each of the five chapters features \"an introduction, an explication of its major literary text for analysis, a history of the library it explores, and evidence of reading books in the library's particular socio-cultural contexts\" (xiii). The first chapter examines the Salem Social Library (founded in 1760) alongside Oroonoko, considering both Aphra Behn's original fiction (1688) and John Hawkesworth's 1759 play. The second chapter reads Alexander Pope's use of slavery metaphors and his defenses of the status quo in Windsor Forest (1713) and the Essay on Man (1733–4) in the context of the Redwood Library in Newport, Rhode Island (founded in 1747). The third chapter pairs Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe (1719) and the [End Page 127] New York Society Library (founded in 1754), focusing particularly on possessive individualism. The fourth chapter considers Charles Johnstone's Chrysal; or, The Adventures of a Guinea (1760 and 1765), reading the politics of the it-narrative through the lenses of the Charleston Library Society (founded in 1748) and the South Carolina practice of using enslaved people to back paper money. The final chapter considers the Library Company of Philadelphia (founded in 1731) alongside Olaudah Equiano's Interesting Narrative (1789). This chapter pays particular attention to generic mixing and to the uses Equiano made of the work of Philadelphia-based abolitionist Anthony Benezet, whose books representing African civilizations in a positive light were compiled in part using Library Company holdings. Moore marshals an entirely persuasive case that all five libraries he examines—and by implication most other early American subscription libraries—were founded and supported b","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utopianism for a Dying Planet: Life after Consumerism by Gregory Claeys (review)","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.a909458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.a909458","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Utopianism for a Dying Planet: Life after Consumerism by Gregory Claeys Jason Pearl Gregory Claeys, Utopianism for a Dying Planet: Life after Consumerism ( Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 2022). Pp. 608. $39.95 cloth. The latest book by Gregory Claeys gives an impression of summation and culmination. At over 600 pages, it returns to and reexamines many of the texts and topics that Claeys, a historian of radical and socialist thought, has spent a lifetime researching. His work across five decades as author and editor has helped us to see the significance of social idealism in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Dystopia: A Natural History (2016), itself over 500 pages, examines the history of the concept in both creative literature and actual political regimes—that is, governments that have made real the sorts of scenarios that writers have only imagined. The book discussed here, Utopianism for a Dying Planet, is likewise bleak in tone, despite its concern with speculations we might think of as positive or optimistic. Indeed, for Claeys, it will take the boldest aspirations—the kind that are sometimes dismissed as unrealistic—to address what are in fact our realest problems. The bulk of the book is a survey of utopian ideas and practices, with a chapter at the end that distills useful lessons and applies them to the climate crisis. Historically, Claeys starts in ancient Sparta and ends with the counterculture of the 1960s, giving ample attention to debates over luxury in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Europe and the United States. Thematically, he moves from literature and political philosophy to cultural movements and governmental institutions, finding worthwhile, though admittedly dated, proposals for equity and sustainability in an array of sources that go far beyond the parameters of Thomas More's Utopia (1516). This range is the strength of the book: in my view, no one but Claeys could have covered the subject so knowledgeably, so expansively. In some ways, despite the focus on consumption and the environment, Utopianism for a Dying Planet is a good introduction to the subject of utopia in general. Part 1, \"Towards a Theory of Utopian Sociability,\" is composed of a meditation on the meaning of utopia; an excavation of its mythical background; and a [End Page 117] commentary on various theoretical models. In chapter 1, Claeys gives a broad and compound but nonetheless minimally complicated definition, so that \"utopia consists in any ideal or imaginary society portrayed in any manner\" (19). It has taken a number of forms: a text, a religion, a mental state, the very notion of progress, the experience of pleasure. At the same time, it is more than an empty placeholder or mere suggestion that things could be otherwise. Claeys insists, against theorists such as Fredric Jameson, on the details of plans and projects, however farfetched, and argues for the practical utility of even fantastical literature. Chapter 2 looks at th","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trading Freedom: How Trade with China Defined Early America by Dael A. Norwood (review)","authors":"Chris Magra","doi":"10.1353/cwe.2023.a905170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cwe.2023.a905170","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"3 1","pages":"125 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82852061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinoiserie and Beyond: Chinese Landskips and Printed Views in Eighteenth-Century British Geography Books","authors":"C. Hsieh, Devin Leigh, Kay Chronister, Arif Camoglu, Hilary Havens, Claude Willan, K. Alves, Eun Kyung Min, Bradley Craig, Misty G. Anderson, Elizabeth Dill, Keenan Burton, Charlotte Trinquet du Lys, Hal Gladfelder, Elena Deanda-Camacho, William Selinger, Carrie Shanafelt, Nora Nachumi, Jordan Green, Antonio T. Bly, Mark Vareschi","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.a900657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.a900657","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Chinese Landskips, a set of twelve prints published between 1750 and 1760, has been regarded as exemplifying the fashion of chinoiserie, continuing the process of pastiche and disseminating imaginary views of China. This article proposes another interpretation by situating these prints in the contexts of printed topographical views and illustrated geography books. An analysis of Chinese Landskips and the illustrations in The Geographical Magazine (1782–83) reveals that the strategies that made the images appear authoritative and credible to eighteenth-century visual habits were more important than the question of whether or not they were pastiche.","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"56 1","pages":"519 - 547 - 549 - 565 - 567 - 582 - 583 - 599 - 601 - 618 - 619 - 623 - 624 - 627 - 629 - 631 - 631"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48836609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data Visualization in Enlightenment Literature and Culture ed. by Ileana Baird (review)","authors":"Mark Vareschi","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.a900677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.a900677","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"56 1","pages":"658 - 660"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46149358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speculative Enterprise: Public Theaters and Financial Markets in London, 1688–1763 by Mattie Burkert (review)","authors":"Carrie D. Shanafelt","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.a900673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.a900673","url":null,"abstract":"realize, not only from our current world, but also from the very question we are naturally prone to ask of it—the question of the origins of modern party democracy. Perhaps in scholarship as in parliamentary politics there is value to having both Tories and Whigs. Thanks to The Persistence of Party, we can at least be hopeful that future theories and grand narratives about modern party politics will be better attuned to the history of party in eighteenth-century Britain.","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"56 1","pages":"649 - 651"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44781116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sifilografía: A History of the Writerly Pox in the Eighteenth-Century Hispanic World by Juan Carlos González Espitia (review)","authors":"Elena Deanda-Camacho","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.a900671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.a900671","url":null,"abstract":"of Enlightenment polemic and exchange. By giving us a nuanced and detailed portrait of Bianchi as a medical and socio-cultural gadfly or rebel, she underlines the radicalism of his non-judgmental account of the Vizzani case, and by extension of his treatment of broader questions about the relations between the body, identity, and desire. One significant discovery Donato has made in this regard is the long-lost text of a Discorso on love between men that Bianchi delivered in Bologna to the curiously named Accademia dei Diffettuosi (Academy of the Defective) in 1719, twenty-five years before writing the Breve Storia. This “apology for same-sex love” (59), as Donato calls it, suggests that Bianchi’s interest in dissident or prohibited forms of desire, and the sexual or gender identities these may create or express, was not incidental but of long standing. Inasmuch as it has never been published, it would have been very useful to have included this text in full (in Italian and English translation) as a fourth appendix, especially as an entire chapter is devoted to it.","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"56 1","pages":"644 - 646"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45612903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Persistence of Party: Ideas of Harmonious Discord in Eighteenth-Century Britain by Max Skjönsberg (review)","authors":"William Selinger","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.a900672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.a900672","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"56 1","pages":"647 - 649"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42274372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}