Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia最新文献_第8页

Ocher in Late Paleolithic Contexts at the Kovrizhka IV Site, the Baikal-Patom Highlands (Eastern Siberia, Russia) 俄罗斯东西伯利亚贝加尔湖-帕托姆高原科夫里日卡4号遗址旧石器时代晚期的赭石

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Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia Pub Date : 2020-10-04 DOI: 10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.3.033-042

A. Tetenkin, E. Demonterova, E. Kaneva, A. Henry, E. Gauvrit Roux

{"title":"Ocher in Late Paleolithic Contexts at the Kovrizhka IV Site, the Baikal-Patom Highlands (Eastern Siberia, Russia)","authors":"A. Tetenkin, E. Demonterova, E. Kaneva, A. Henry, E. Gauvrit Roux","doi":"10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.3.033-042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.3.033-042","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with numerous ocher remains found in cultural layers 6, 2G, and 2B of the Paleolithic site Kovrizhka IV on the Vitim River, in the Baikal-Patom Highlands (Eastern Siberia). These layers are dated by radiocarbon to the interval of ~19.2–18.3 ka cal BP. In cultural layers 2B and 2G, ocher colored the living fl oors and combustion areas. Stratigraphic observations indicate that this was done at the very beginning of the occupation. In layer 6, traces of ocher were present on an anthropomorphic fi gurine made of mammoth ivory, and pieces of ocher were found near the head of another such fi gurine. In layer 2B, a large piece of ocher was unearthed at the edge of the hearth. Ocher residues were also detected by use-wear analysis on certain artifacts. This variety of patterns suggests different functions of ocher, possibly both symbolic and utilitarian. The mineral composition of ocher was assessed by X-ray diffraction analysis. In all three layers, hematite is associated with quartz. In layer 2G, an additional type of ocher was identifi ed, containing impurities, such as calcite and chlorite. Known sources of ocher are located in the distribution areas of magnetite and hematite ores, over 500 km southwest and southeast of Kovrizhka IV. The importance of ocher in the life of these societies is discussed in light of the archaeological evidence and the longdistance raw material acquisition patterns of ocher.","PeriodicalId":45750,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79343248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Use of Computed Tomography for the Study of Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis: Based on Crania from the Pucará De Tilcara Fortress, Argentina 计算机断层扫描在慢性上颌窦炎研究中的应用:基于阿根廷pucar<s:1> De Tilcara要塞颅腔

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Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia Pub Date : 2020-10-04 DOI: 10.17746/1563-0110.2020.48.3.143-153

A. Zubova, N. Ananyeva, V. Moiseyev, I. K. Stulov, L. Dmitrenko, A. Obodovskiy, N. Potrakhov, A. Kulkov, E. Andreev

{"title":"The Use of Computed Tomography for the Study of Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis: Based on Crania from the Pucará De Tilcara Fortress, Argentina","authors":"A. Zubova, N. Ananyeva, V. Moiseyev, I. K. Stulov, L. Dmitrenko, A. Obodovskiy, N. Potrakhov, A. Kulkov, E. Andreev","doi":"10.17746/1563-0110.2020.48.3.143-153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/1563-0110.2020.48.3.143-153","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss the methodological advantages of using X-ray computed tomography (CT) for diagnosing chronic maxillary sinusitis (CMS) of various etiologies on skeletal samples. A CT examination of 20 crania from the Pucara de Tilcara fortress, Argentina (late 8th to 16th centuries AD), was carried out. Criteria for identifying CMS included osteitic lesions in the form of focal destruction, and thickened and sclerotized walls of maxillary sinuses. To determine the etiology of the disease, a tomographic and macroscopic examination of the dentition and bones of the ostiomeatal complex were performed, the presence or absence of facial injuries was assessed, and the co-occurrence of various pathologies was statistically evaluated. Five cases of CMS were identified. Four of these may be of odontogenic origin; in two cases, a secondary infection of the maxillary sinuses is possible. In one instance, the etiology was not determined. No indications of traumatic infection were found. Statistical analysis revealed a relationship of CMS with apical periodontitis and the ante-mortem loss of upper molars and premolars. An indirect symptom of CMS may be the remodeled bone tissue and porosity of the posterior surface of the maxilla.","PeriodicalId":45750,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia","volume":"45 1","pages":"143-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87165831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Bridal Symbols in the Don Cossack Wedding 顿河哥萨克婚礼中的新娘标志

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Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia Pub Date : 2020-06-26 DOI: 10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.114-121

M. Ryblova

{"title":"Bridal Symbols in the Don Cossack Wedding","authors":"M. Ryblova","doi":"10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.114-121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.114-121","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a new interpretation of symbols of the bride-maiden, already known in the Eastern Slavic, speciﬁcally Don Cossack tradition. It is based on ﬁndings of ethnographic expeditions of the 1980s–2000s to areas where Don Cossacks are concentrated, and on 19th-century periodicals published in the Don Region. To interpret the essence and meaning of bridal symbols, ritual practices and folklore texts are integrated, viewing both in the context of two principal passages that the bride undergoes during the wedding: 1) transition from the state of maidenhood to that of a married woman; and 2) transition from one family clan to another. Both transitions are related to the ideas of “beauty” (krasota), supposed to be lost during the ceremony, and “lot” (dolya)—part of the life force and beneﬁts allotted to the bride from her family/clan during the rite and added to the common lot of her new family. Material embodiments of “beauty” (the braid, ribbon, and wreath) can be interpreted as symbols of freedom and virginity. These qualities are lost during the rite, whereas their material symbols are either destroyed or passed on to others. Symbols such as a small tree and twig (referring to the folkloric image of the “garden”) can be related to the idea of “lot”, and rituals in which they feature can be interpreted as a gradual disruption of the braid’s ties with her family clan, deprivation of her familial “lot” (symbolic death), followed by rebirth manifested in the acquisition of a new “lot”—that of a married woman in a new family clan. Existing classiﬁcations of bridal symbols are revised, while new ones are revealed and interpreted.","PeriodicalId":45750,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80000773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Celebration of Nowruz in Bukhara and Samarkand in Ritual Practice and Social Discourses (the Second Half of the 19th to Early 20th Centuries) 布哈拉和撒马尔罕的诺鲁孜节庆祝仪式实践和社会话语(19世纪下半叶至20世纪初)

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Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia Pub Date : 2020-06-26 DOI: 10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.122-129

A. Malikov

{"title":"Celebration of Nowruz in Bukhara and Samarkand in Ritual Practice and Social Discourses (the Second Half of the 19th to Early 20th Centuries)","authors":"A. Malikov","doi":"10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.122-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.122-129","url":null,"abstract":"Celebration of Nowruz across a vast territory from the Ottoman Empire to Xinjiang had both common features and differences. This study focuses on distinctions between the festive traditions of two major cities of the Zerafshan Valley (Bukhara and Samarkand) in the late 1800s and early 1900s, when, after Russia’s annexation of the region, the Nowruz ritual practices were transformed and subjected to critical discourses among theologians and enlighteners. On the basis of unpublished archival sources, memoirs, and studies of Imperial Russian history, I analyze two types of Nowruz: ofﬁcial and folk. In the Emirate of Bukhara, a broad ofﬁcial celebration of Nowruz was started by Emir Muzaffar, who sought to strengthen the image of the Manghit dynasty during the crisis of political legitimacy. This gave rise to disputes among Islamic intellectuals about the need for a large-scale and prolonged celebration of Nowruz, which they felt went beyond the borders of Islamic tradition. In Samarkand, closer contacts between the settled Tajiks and Uzbeks, on the one hand, and the semi-nomadic Turkic-speaking population, on the other, enhanced the synthesis of agricultural and pastoral elements in the ritual practice of Nowruz. The festival was legitimized by prayers at mosques, and visits to the mazars of Muslim saints and to sacred streams. In Samarkand, following its annexation by the Russian Empire, there was no ofﬁcial celebration of Nowruz, and the scale of popular celebration decreased.","PeriodicalId":45750,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72718319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Marfa Kurgan in the Stavropol Territory: An Example of an Ancient Architectural Structure 斯塔夫罗波尔地区的马尔法库尔干:古代建筑结构的一个例子

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Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia Pub Date : 2020-06-26 DOI: 10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.038-048

O. Khokhlova, A. Nagler

{"title":"The Marfa Kurgan in the Stavropol Territory: An Example of an Ancient Architectural Structure","authors":"O. Khokhlova, A. Nagler","doi":"10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.038-048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.038-048","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the analysis of structural elements of the Marfa kurgan in the Stavropol Territory. We list and examine terms referring to such elements, and suggest our own. A description of the kurgan, its natural environment, excavation techniques, sampling, and analytical methods is provided. The material of which the kurgan was made is assessed, and its advantages over other materials are demonstrated. We studied mud blocks (or “bricks”), their clay coatings, and a striped adobe element from the kurgan. Results of chemical and granulometric analyses are outlined, along with those of the micromorphological analysis of soils underlying the kurgan, of the material of which the “bricks” and the coatings were made. The blocks were molded by thoroughly kneading and compacting a moistened material consisting of loess with the addition of river silt, without plant admixture. Clay coatings were much denser, as it consisted of a coherent ﬁnely dispersed clay-carbonate material. Clay mortar, similar to coatings in composition and properties, was used to connect the blocks and the stones of the crepidoma. The same mortar was used for foundations of clay “bricks” buildings. The adobe element with thinnest variously colored stripes resulted from a destruction of an earlier structure.","PeriodicalId":45750,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83875718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Polychrome Style in Mangystau, Kazakhstan 哈萨克斯坦Mangystau的彩色风格

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Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia Pub Date : 2020-06-26 DOI: 10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.080-088

A. E. Astafyev, E. Bogdanov

{"title":"Polychrome Style in Mangystau, Kazakhstan","authors":"A. E. Astafyev, E. Bogdanov","doi":"10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.080-088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.080-088","url":null,"abstract":"We describe artifacts from a burial from the period of Barbarian Invasions on the northeastern Caspian coast (Mangystau Region, Republic of Kazakhstan), near the contemporaneous settlement of Karakabak. The principal ﬁnds, representing the Shipovo horizon, suggest a date of late 5th to early 6th centuries. They reveal a mixture of Sarmatian and Late Sarmatian features with certain innovations. The origin of the latter is discussed. Metal artifacts belonging to the polychrome style (cloisonné work) make it possible, for the ﬁrst time, to include the Mangystau Peninsula in the distribution range of the “Pontic fashion”. We propose that these artifacts are of local origin, and that the craftsman replicated certain standards without the appropriate tools. The technological characteristics of the pendant and rings had been observed by previous scholars in late Eastern European artifacts associated with the Byzantine school. Their dates (5th–6th centuries) correlate with those of the ﬁfth stylistic group of polychrome artifacts described by I.P. Zasetskaya. Our ﬁndings suggest that Karakabak, a craft and trade center, was the place where Byzantine-style cloisonné artifacts were manufactured. These were supplied to nomadic tribes inhabiting the Aral-Caspian area during the Hun and post-Hun periods.","PeriodicalId":45750,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89049720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Case of Surgical Extraction of the Lower Third Molars in a Cranial Series from the Pucará de Tilcara Fortress (Jujuy Province, Argentina) 阿根廷胡胡伊省pucar<s:1> de Tilcara要塞颅系下第三磨牙手术拔牙1例

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Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia Pub Date : 2020-06-26 DOI: 10.17746/1563-0110.2020.48.2.149-156

A. Zubova, O. L. Pikhur, A. Obodovskiy, A. Malyutina, L. Dmitrenko, K. Chugunova, D. Pozdnyakov, V. Bessonov

{"title":"A Case of Surgical Extraction of the Lower Third Molars in a Cranial Series from the Pucará de Tilcara Fortress (Jujuy Province, Argentina)","authors":"A. Zubova, O. L. Pikhur, A. Obodovskiy, A. Malyutina, L. Dmitrenko, K. Chugunova, D. Pozdnyakov, V. Bessonov","doi":"10.17746/1563-0110.2020.48.2.149-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/1563-0110.2020.48.2.149-156","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the earliest known case of surgical extraction of the lower third molars, observed in a cranial series from Pucará de Tilcara fortress (15th–16th centuries AD), northwestern Argentina, excavated in 1908–1910. Crania were transported to the Kunstkamera in 1910 under an exchange project. Traces of dental surgery were registered in the mandible of a male aged ~40. Both third molars had been extracted after the removal of soft tissues and parts of the alveoli. Teeth were extracted by scraping alveolar walls with semicircular movements. The results of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray ﬂuorescence, and X-ray microanalysis suggest that a stone tool was used. The results of macroscopic and CT analysis suggest that the surgery was motivated by the exacerbation of chronic periodontal disease and probably by caries. The left third molar was extracted without complications 2–3 months before the individual’s death. On the right side, the pathological process continued, culminating in osteomyelitis and its complications. The surgeon’s skill notwithstanding, the extraction of the right third molar did not cure the patient, who died, apparently following the destructive stage of acute osteomyelitis complicated by orofacial phlegmon. Our ﬁndings suggest that the level of dental surgery practiced in the Inca Empire was ahead of the diagnostic expertise.","PeriodicalId":45750,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia","volume":"21 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72406810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the Earliest Use of Plate-Formed Cheekpieces and the Emergence of Horse Riding (Based on Finds from the Novoilyinovskiy II Cemetery in Northern Kazakhstan) 论最早使用板形颧骨与骑马活动的出现(以哈萨克斯坦北部Novoilyinovskiy II墓园为例)

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Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia Pub Date : 2020-06-26 DOI: 10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.049-058

I. Chechushkov, A. A. Ovsyannikov, E. Usmanova

引用次数: 1

Wooden Constructions in Bronze and Iron Age Burials in Japan and Korea 日本和韩国青铜和铁器时代墓葬中的木制建筑

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Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia Pub Date : 2020-06-26 DOI: 10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.059-068

I. Gnezdilova, A. Nesterkina, E. A. Solovyeva, A. I. Solovyev

{"title":"Wooden Constructions in Bronze and Iron Age Burials in Japan and Korea","authors":"I. Gnezdilova, A. Nesterkina, E. A. Solovyeva, A. I. Solovyev","doi":"10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.059-068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.059-068","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the period from 300 BC to 700 AD, signiﬁcant changes took place in the life of population of Japanese Archipelago and Korean Peninsula, which were reﬂected by the burial rite. Speciﬁcally, the practice of using wood in mounded burials became particularly common. Such numerous instances in both regions are analyzed, the placement and several elements of wooden structures, accompanying artifacts, sorts of wood etc. are described in this work. The changes in burial rite practiced in ancient Japan can be seen. During the Yayoi period (300 BC to 300 AD), jar burials gave way to those with wooden structures in Western Japan regions closest to the mainland. It’s established that traditions co-occurred with innovations, as seen from the fact that such structures were coated with clay. Further development took place during the Kofun period (300–538 AD), when ﬁrst log cofﬁns appeared, then composite cofﬁns, and eventually stone cofﬁns. Similar burial practice existed in Korea earlier than in Japan, the peak of this tradition coinciding with the period of Three Kingdoms (200–600 AD). The comparison of the ways the tradition evolved in both regions suggests that it had originated on the mainland, was introduced to Japan by successive immigration waves, and was then adapted to local conditions.","PeriodicalId":45750,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80960321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Multidisciplinary Study of Finds from Suchu Island (1973 Season, Excavation II, Dwelling 1) 苏楚岛考古发现的多学科研究(1973年季节，发掘II，居住1)

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Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia Pub Date : 2020-06-26 DOI: 10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.003-013

V. Medvedev, I. Filatova

{"title":"A Multidisciplinary Study of Finds from Suchu Island (1973 Season, Excavation II, Dwelling 1)","authors":"V. Medvedev, I. Filatova","doi":"10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.003-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17746/1563-0102.2020.48.2.003-013","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze new ﬁnds from a Neolithic dwelling 1 from excavation II at the Suchu Island, on the Amur River. We analyzed an assemblage of 3788 lithics and ceramics, along with ﬁeld records housed at the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of SB RAS. The article continues the series of publications in this journal, outlining the ﬁndings at Suchu—one of the key Neolithic sites in Northeast Asia. Dwelling 1 is a 0.8-meter-deep round semi-underground structure dug into the sandy loam. In its center, there was a hearth, and walls lacked ledges. On the ﬂoor, numerous pits from posts that had supported the roof were found. The stratigraphic and horizontal position of ﬁnds was registered; artifacts were analyzed through morphological typology, petrographic and X-ray analysis, and microscopy. Our analysis reveals hunting, ﬁshing, and butchering tools, those for processing stone, wood, and bone, those for plant processing, and digging tools. Various sedimentary and igneous rocks were used as raw material. In terms of cultural chronology, standard pottery was mostly attributed to the Lower Amur cultures (Malyshevo and Voznesenovskoye), while some was apparently manufactured by immigrants. Principal technological, constructive, morphological, decorative, and functional characteristics of each ceramic type were assessed. Unusual artistic and ritual items clustered in dwelling 1 of the Malyshevo type (late 5th to early 4th millennia BC) are suggestive of a domestic shrine.","PeriodicalId":45750,"journal":{"name":"Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75660174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1