Health SA Gesondheid最新文献

{"title":"Challenges hindering family involvement in the hospital nursing care of a child with autism.","authors":"Neil A Williams, Dudu G Sokhela, Thembelihle S P Ngxongo","doi":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2731","DOIUrl":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Family involvement is crucial in a child's treatment; however, many professional nurses still neglect to involve families in their child's care. Studies have indicated that the perceived lack of family involvement in hospitalised children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a problem in many countries. Few studies have been conducted in Africa with none relating to family involvement, highlighting the need for further research.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To develop in-depth insights into the challenges regarding family involvement in hospital nursing care of children with ASD, in the South African context.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Paediatric wards at selected private hospitals and family homes in the eThekwini District of KwaZulu-Natal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An interpretative phenomenological analysis method was used. A sample of 10 professional nurses and 10 family members was achieved by purposive sampling. Data were collected from participants using semi-structured in-depth interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The following challenges were identified by the participants: the lack of knowledge of nurses regarding ASD, nurses not listening to family, uncaring attitude of nurses, nurses' lack of time and shortage of nursing staff.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nurses play a pivotal role in overcoming the challenges to family involvement, in the hospital nursing care, of a child with ASD. Making nurses aware of the challenges will help improve family involvement in hospitals nursing for the child with ASD.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This study added to the body of knowledge by identifying the challenges to the involvement of families in the hospital nursing care of a child with ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":45721,"journal":{"name":"Health SA Gesondheid","volume":"30 ","pages":"2731"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting the wounded: Parents of adolescents recovering from substance use disorder.","authors":"Faith Mathibela, Jan Masombuka","doi":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2787","DOIUrl":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2787","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The increase of adolescent substance use disorders (SUDs) around the world has a lot of negative effects on the parents and frequently degrades their quality of life. Substance use disorder is a critical issue recognised as a chronic, complex health and social condition. Parents of adolescents recovering from SUD may suffer significantly as a result of the wide range of negative emotions that come with having adolescents recovering from SUD. From the extant literature, there is little evidence of the strategies used to address the support needs of parents who carry the burden of adolescent SUD care.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The authors focused on exploring the support needs of parents living with adolescents recovering from SUD.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The study was conducted in Tshwane, where they struggling with adolescent SUD issues, making it challenging to foster stable communities and social cohesion. Data were collected at the three in-patient treatment centres.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Qualitative reseach was used to understand the phenomenon using ecological systems theory. The researchers conducted face to face interviews with parents, employing semi-structured method through purposive sampling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings highlighted the following themes: The findings highlighted the following them: experiences of parenting an adolescent recovering from SUD, the support needed for parents and the desired services to help them cope.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Parents expressed feeling overwhelmed and struggling to cope with adolescents recovering from SUD.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>The study benefits the social work profession in the field of substance dependency by finding ways to support parents of adolescents recovering from SUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":45721,"journal":{"name":"Health SA Gesondheid","volume":"30 ","pages":"2787"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Dietary habits among primary school learners in the Tshwane West District of Gauteng, South Africa.","authors":"Morentho C Phetla, Linda Skaal, Paul K Chelule","doi":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2989","DOIUrl":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v29i0.2746.].</p>","PeriodicalId":45721,"journal":{"name":"Health SA Gesondheid","volume":"30 ","pages":"2989"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational stress among Namibian diagnostic radiographers during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Festus Shidolo, Aladdin Speelman, Valdiela Daries","doi":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2823","DOIUrl":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly affected the health care sectors, causing stress among professionals such as diagnostic radiographers who helped fight this disease.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study explored occupational stress and stressors caused by the COVID-19 pandemic among diagnostic radiographers including coping strategies used and interventions that may be used to mitigate the effects of stress during future pandemics.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The study was conducted among Namibian diagnostic radiographers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An electronic survey was used to collect data using a quantitative descriptive research approach. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26 was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 90 diagnostic radiographers who responded to the survey, an increase in the workload, fear of contracting the virus and spreading it to others, were the main contributors of COVID-19 occupational-related stressors. Spending quality time with family and friends, developing hobbies and meditating and taking part in spiritual or religious activities were some coping strategies used to reduce stress. The introduction of incentives, social networking and provision of psychological support were preferred interventions that could mitigate the effects of occupational stress during similar pandemics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diagnostic radiographers endured significant occupational stress because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Health care employers are encouraged to provide certain incentives and psychological support during similar pandemics as described in this article.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>Radiography managers may consider the introduction of flexible working hours, provision of adequate staffing, participation and shared decision-making to mitigate stress during similar future pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":45721,"journal":{"name":"Health SA Gesondheid","volume":"30 ","pages":"2823"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dry eye: A hospital-based sociodemographic, risk and clinical classification profile.","authors":"Phindile P Mdlalose, Vanessa R Moodley","doi":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2793","DOIUrl":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dry eye, a multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular surface, is considered a significantly growing public health problem worldwide.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of dry eye disease (DED) in a population attending an eye hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The study was conducted at McCord Provincial Eye Hospital in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted between July 2023 and August 2023. Diagnosis was confirmed with a SPEED score of ≥ 4 and a monocular tear break up time (TBUT) ≤ 10 s or Schirmer 2 ≤ 15 mm/5 min. Data were managed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 28.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of DED was 82.3% and highest in those > 65 years of age (odds ratios [OR] = 3.17; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.45-6.94; <i>p</i> = 0.04). Risk factors significantly associated with DED were age (<i>p</i> < 0.009), systemic diseases (diabetes [<i>p</i> < 0.01], HIV [<i>p</i> < 0.02], hypertension [<i>p</i> < 0.02] and medication [<i>p</i> < 0.01]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study revealed a high DED prevalence, which increased with age. Diabetes, hypertension and HIV were identified as significant risk factors for DED. Routine tear function evaluation should be an integral part of the assessment protocols of these highly susceptible patients. Furthermore, public health education in DED is essential to help reduce prevalence through the promotion of behaviour modifications.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This study provides knowledge regarding the prevalence and risk factors of DED in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":45721,"journal":{"name":"Health SA Gesondheid","volume":"30 ","pages":"2793"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stakeholder perspectives on vision screening for drivers in Gauteng: Policy review implications.","authors":"Gloria T Tamenti, Tuwani A Rasengane, Khathutshelo P Mashige","doi":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2826","DOIUrl":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective implementation of vision screening standards at driving licensing testing centres (DLTCs) necessitates adequate administrative and resource management.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To ascertain the perspectives of site managers and driver's licence examiners regarding vision screening standards at DLTCs in Gauteng province, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The study was conducted in Gauteng province, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative study that utilised interview questionnaires to assess site managers' and driver's licence examiners' perspectives on the vision screening standards at the DLTC sites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 30 participants, comprising 15 site managers and 15 driver's licence examiners, were interviewed from 15 out of 32 randomly selected functional DLTCs in the Gauteng province. The current vision policy and driving practices have remained unchanged since their inception. The vision screening equipment utilised at DLTCs has transitioned from manually operated to automated systems. Nevertheless, frequent machine breakdowns, primarily attributed to inadequate maintenance plans, were among the most frequently reported barriers to efficient vision screening.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the need to review and update vision-related policies and practices for driver licensing in South Africa. This entails establishing a Medical Advisory Board to ensure appropriate vision screening functions for driving and reliable vision screening technology. Specifically, this will include implementing a vision-related examiner's training programme with a certificate of competence, an electronic eye-testing interface, proactive equipment maintenance programmes, improved quality control mechanisms and standardisation of the vision screening process across all DLTCs.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This study identified challenges to the effective implementation of vision screening for driving.</p>","PeriodicalId":45721,"journal":{"name":"Health SA Gesondheid","volume":"30 ","pages":"2826"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech-language therapists' views of oral feeding of infants on high-flow oxygen.","authors":"Andile Dludla, Tarryn B Forman, Mikaela K Lloyd, Savannah O Moodley, Sarveshvari B Pillay, Esedra Krüger","doi":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2809","DOIUrl":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Introduction of oral feeding for young children receiving high-flow oxygen has recently gained interest. With limited literature, there are varied opinions regarding the safety of oral feeding in this population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study describes speech-language therapists' (SLTs) views on oral feeding for infants receiving high-flow oxygen.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>A South African online survey study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive quantitative survey was distributed electronically via social networking sites. Purposive and snowball sampling were used to recruit expert SLTs. Twenty-one South African SLTs working with paediatric swallowing and feeding, from nine provinces responded. Data were analysed descriptively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 21 responses, only nine were fully complete, indicative of how few South African SLTs work with infants on high-flow oxygen. Current oral feeding practices varied with differences between nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC). Strategies for oral feeding included volume and time limitations, monitoring physiological stability and assessing for aspiration. Thin liquids were most commonly used. Varied opinions, with no protocols or guidelines for introduction of oral feeding of young children on high-flow oxygen, are reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SLTs' practices regarding oral feeding in infants/children receiving high-flow oxygen are variable. Professionals share common approaches to determine feeding readiness and monitor tolerance. Without guidelines and standardised protocols, SLTs are left to make decisions based only on experience. A need exists for further research.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>There is variability in initiation of oral feeds, highlighting the need for further data to inform uniform protocol and guideline development to enhance SLTs' decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":45721,"journal":{"name":"Health SA Gesondheid","volume":"30 ","pages":"2809"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing anxiety and enhancing confidence in paediatric patients through visual schedules.","authors":"Gert C Koekemoer, Ariné Kuyler, Ensa Johnson, Karen van Zijl, Alta J Terblanche, Khetsiwe P Masuku, Juan Bornman","doi":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2841","DOIUrl":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hospitalisation can induce anxiety and trauma in children, complicating their medical experience. Exploring the role of visual schedules as a supportive strategy reveals that these schedules can significantly reduce stress during medical procedures. By providing clear and structured guidance, visual schedules improve communication, foster patient engagement and create a sense of predictability, thereby enhancing the overall patient experience. When tailored to individual needs, they help children navigate healthcare settings with greater confidence. Effective staff training is crucial for successful implementation, ensuring that paediatric patients receive the maximum benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":45721,"journal":{"name":"Health SA Gesondheid","volume":"30 ","pages":"2841"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrient composition of meals served to adult inpatients in public hospitals in North West, South Africa.","authors":"Mantombi J Jiyana, Lindiwe J Ncube","doi":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2842","DOIUrl":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A high-quality meal is essential to patients' food enjoyment and nutritional value. Patients' health and nutritional status depend on the quality of meals provided by the hospital food service providers. Equally, patients are largely inactive and could experience energy imbalances if the 'energy in' exceeds the 'energy out', increasing the chances of the inception of obesity and obesity-related illnesses.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study assessed the nutrient content of meals served in selected public hospitals in the North West province, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The normal diet meals of four district hospitals and one regional hospital in the North West province were collected for this study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Regular adult meals for breakfast, lunch and supper including all snacks for the day were collected from five hospitals. Each edible food item was weighed and recorded on the weighed food records for later nutrient analysis using the South African-based Food Finder 3 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Meals in one hospital met Recommended Dietary Intake (RDI) (6829KJ) requirements for total energy, while in three hospitals, the requirements were exceeded, and in one hospital, meals were below RDI (5734KJ) requirements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Strict adherence to nutritionally adequate meals for hospitalised patients could positively influence and encourage patients to sustain healthy eating habits after discharge to prevent malnutrition.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This study provides relevant information that hospital managers can use to improve processes and procedures for dietary planning and ensure that hospital meals are nutritionally adequate.</p>","PeriodicalId":45721,"journal":{"name":"Health SA Gesondheid","volume":"30 ","pages":"2842"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12242042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress factors among physiotherapy students at a university in Gauteng, South Africa.","authors":"Zander I Collins, Chané Siepker, Kelebogile J Ralehlaka, Boitshoko C Molefe, Tiisetso C Phala, Simphiwe A Vilankulu, Makwena M Sibuyi, Thembelihle S Ntuli","doi":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2803","DOIUrl":"10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physiotherapy students are highly susceptible to experiencing burnout during training. Prolonged exposure to stressful environments predisposes students to psychological morbidities.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study assessed the perceived level of stress and stressors among a cohort of final-year physiotherapy students, registered at a medical university in Gauteng province, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The study was conducted at a single medical university in Gauteng province with registered final-year undergraduate physiotherapy students for the 2024 academic year.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study with a total population sample of 42 physiotherapy students. Data were collected through an online anonymised self-administered questionnaire. The Cronbach alpha coefficients for each subscale were 0.99 for physical, 0.72 for interpersonal relationships, 0.85 for academic and 0.81 for environment. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM Corp's Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Software version 25.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of participants was 22 years (iqr ± 3.8) with 69.0% of them being females. Perceived stress levels ranged between low (<i>n</i> = 24, 57.14%) to moderate (<i>n</i> = 18, 42.85%) with females being at risk, as measured by the Student Stress Inventory. Academic and environmental factors contributed to perceived moderate to severe stress levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found the severity of stress levels to be slightly below what has been reported in other studies. However, attention needs to be directed to female students to develop emotional self-efficacy skills. Early identification of psychosomatic disorders could indicate the need for interventions to prevent psychological and physiological morbidities.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>The study adds to the body of knowledge pertaining to the mental health of students at higher institutions of learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":45721,"journal":{"name":"Health SA Gesondheid","volume":"30 ","pages":"2803"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}