KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY最新文献_第10页

From State to Society: The Komsomol in Yeltsin’s Russia 从国家到社会:叶利钦时期俄罗斯的共青团

IF 0.3 3区历史学

KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/kri.2022.0022

Kristiina Silvan

{"title":"From State to Society: The Komsomol in Yeltsin’s Russia","authors":"Kristiina Silvan","doi":"10.1353/kri.2022.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2022.0022","url":null,"abstract":"In September 1991, Vladimir Elagin, the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Leninist Communist Youth League of the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic (LKSM RSFSR), was speaking to a sparse audience. It was the first time in the organization’s history that the attendance was so low: only two-thirds of both the Central Committee and the Central Control Committee members had arrived to hear what Elagin had to say about the organization’s future a week after the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) had been outlawed on Soviet territory.1 Contrary to one contemporary interpretation,2 he did not, however, take the floor to confirm the youth league’s liquidation but instead urged his listeners to revive it: “To keep up with the current turbulent time, we need to make serious, responsible, and radical decisions on the transformation of the Union.... We must transform ourselves into a public organization [obshchestvennaia organizatsiia] ... [and] say that we will continue to develop and participate in the youth movement and help revive it.”3 Speaking almost three decades after the meeting, one of the members of the organizing committee of the LKSM RSFSR, interviewed for this study, claimed that the dismantling of the Russian Komsomol organization was never even considered. “It was because they were real organizations that genuinely worked with youth. They were real organizations, projects, and programs. The activity was real.”4","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":"23 1","pages":"289 - 314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44505567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Collaboration, Resistance, and Imperial Power 合作、抵抗与帝国权力

IF 0.3 3区历史学

KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/kri.2022.0025

I. Campbell

{"title":"Collaboration, Resistance, and Imperial Power","authors":"I. Campbell","doi":"10.1353/kri.2022.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2022.0025","url":null,"abstract":"Graduate school recruitment is an odd time to make a friend. Yet in 2005, drinking overpriced beer at an off-campus bar in Ann Arbor with Maya Peterson, I knew immediately that I had found one. In the years that followed, she proved to be a brilliant, generous, and supportive colleague, with whom it was always a joy to think through the nature of Russian imperialism in Central Asia. It is still hard to believe and unbearably sad that we must talk about these questions—about the issues that her work helped us understand— not with her on an adventurous hike or after a full day of conference panels, but without her. Indeed, Peterson’s wonderful first book, Pipe Dreams, sheds light on several perennial issues not only in the historiography of the Russian Empire but in the history of imperialism more generally.1 In particular, it highlights the importance of cooperation and collaboration in sustaining imperial ventures, and the potential for resistance to such ventures in both the inhabitants and environment in Russian Turkestan. In Pipe Dreams, neither water nor people can be easily coerced to achieve a desired outcome. Since the publication of Ronald Robinson’s seminal piece in 1972, it has become a commonplace that “imperialism was as much a function of its victims’ collaboration or non-collaboration ... as it was of European expansion.”2 This is an insight applicable not only to the forms that imperial rule took (i.e., settlement, occupation, or the “imperialism of free trade”) but to the fate of specific ventures within a colony. This is not to say that such cooperation, when it occurred, took place on equal terms; Peterson rightly follows Arjun Appadurai’s argument that “cooperation is a state of affairs that","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":"23 1","pages":"345 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44002958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infrastructures of Empire in Central Asia 中亚帝国的基础设施

IF 0.3 3区历史学

KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/kri.2022.0028

M. Reeves

{"title":"Infrastructures of Empire in Central Asia","authors":"M. Reeves","doi":"10.1353/kri.2022.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2022.0028","url":null,"abstract":"There is a proverb from a retired Kyrgyz water engineer that I jotted down during fieldwork in the Ferghana Valley a decade ago: “It’s better to be the head of the water than the head of the people” (el bashchysy bolgucha, suu bashchysy bol ). The engineer who shared this piece of local wisdom had been describing the system of sluices that regulated the flow of water between the Isfara River and the Soviet-built irrigation canal that provided water for a swath of agricultural land downstream. In this mountainous corner of Central Asia, water is a materially scare and symbolically loaded resource. During the spring snowmelt, natural drainage channels often flood, leaving homes and gardens in peril. Limited summer rainfall can make sown fields and domestic garden plots dependent upon irrigation water that is distributed, household to household, by the hour. The skilled suu bashchy or mirob (the “head of the water”), the engineer explained, could anticipate flow depending on the season and snowmelt; he could predict demand according to the phase of the agricultural cycle. He and his fellow engineers, who regulated the allocation of water between river and irrigation canal at the headwater sluice, wielded considerable responsibility for sustaining local livelihoods and thus maintaining local peace. I was reminded of the water engineer’s comment, and the delicate challenge of “heading the water” to which he alluded, while reading the late Maya Peterson’s magisterial Pipe Dreams.1 Imperial and Soviet programs for transforming Central Asia through irrigation continue to haunt the region’s landscapes and livelihoods in myriad ways.2 Beyond the desiccation of the Aral Sea, which has come to serve as an icon of late Soviet hubris and environmental devastation, that ambition is visible in the crumbling concrete water","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":"23 1","pages":"364 - 370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42537748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Marxism, Psychology, and the Soviet Mind 马克思主义、心理学和苏联人的思想

IF 0.3 3区历史学

KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-02-18 DOI: 10.1353/kri.2022.0008

Garrett McDonald

引用次数: 0

The Many Shades of Soviet Dissidence 苏联不满的多重阴影

IF 0.3 3区历史学

KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-02-18 DOI: 10.1353/kri.2022.0013

Benjamin Nathans

引用次数: 0

The Provinces in Russian Fiction 俄国小说中的省份

IF 0.3 3区历史学

KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-02-18 DOI: 10.1353/kri.2022.0010

John Randolph

{"title":"The Provinces in Russian Fiction","authors":"John Randolph","doi":"10.1353/kri.2022.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2022.0010","url":null,"abstract":"At the beginning of the 18th century, Peter I and his advisers sought to transform the governance of the Russian Empire. They turned to examples drawn from other states and imported terminology for the new administration they planned. Some of this new vocabulary never made it far beyond the project stage (for example, the Swedish inspiration of calling a local military commander the landsgevding). The loanword guberniia, meanwhile, was a great success, used to describe the Russian Empire’s largest units of administration (its territorial “governments”) right through 1917. A middling fate awaited the kindred calque provintsiia. Employed in the Petrine era to create smaller, more manageable divisions (or provinces) within the gubernii, provintsiia was ultimately discarded by Catherine II. Catherine right-sized her territorial governments not by subdividing them but by shrinking them and increasing their number, thereby superannuating the original Russian “province.”1 That might have been it for provintsiia, which could have shared the fate of many other imperial projects: to be given to the archive to be forgotten forever. Instead, as Anne Lounsbery shows in this wondrous and incisive study, a much grander destiny awaited “the provinces” in modern Russian culture. Life Is Elsewhere explores “the process by which nineteenth-century Russian writers imagined the provinces into being” (243), taking an abandoned administrative term of art and making it into one of the central tropes","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":"23 1","pages":"167 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44876451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"A Dishonor to You and to the Church": Patriarch Tikhon, Pogroms, and the Russian Revolution, 1917–19 “对你和教会的耻辱”：季洪牧首、大屠杀和俄罗斯革命，1917–19

IF 0.3 3区历史学

KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-02-18 DOI: 10.1353/kri.2022.0001

Francesca Silano

引用次数: 0

Good Intentions Gone Wrong: Russian Historical Scholarship and the Proliferation Effect 善意出错:俄罗斯历史学术与扩散效应

IF 0.3 3区历史学

KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-02-18 DOI: 10.1353/kri.2022.0006

Evgenii A. Krestiannikov

{"title":"Good Intentions Gone Wrong: Russian Historical Scholarship and the Proliferation Effect","authors":"Evgenii A. Krestiannikov","doi":"10.1353/kri.2022.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2022.0006","url":null,"abstract":"The beginning of the new millennium witnessed unprecedented changes for Russian journals, driven not by shifts in scholarship or publishing technology but by external factors. By far the most of important of these has been an overt initiative on the part of the Russian government to disincentivize low-impact publication and raise the general level, visibility, and competitiveness of Russian scholarship in the international arena. Given the critical importance that state policy has accorded to numerical/statistical measurement (naukometriia) in this area, journals and authors have found themselves forced to pay attention to their work in new ways, developing the skills and knowledge necessary to succeed in what has become an increasingly scrutinized and quantified publishing environment. Although this essay focuses on publication in the historical field, the developments affecting history are similar to those affecting other disciplines. At issue is the unprecedented decision by the government to transform academic journals into the arbiters and regulators of the quality of national research. The shift began some 15 years ago, when the Supreme Commission for Accreditation (Vysshaia attestatsionnaia komissiia [VAK]) of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education determined that successfully defended dissertations could be announced only in a select list of journals—the so-called “VAK list”—that met a number of formal expectations established by the commission. Though the reform prompted some grumbling at first, most prospective authors—that is, advanced graduate students and scholars like myself studying or working in Russian academia—ultimately accepted the commission’s decision and adapted to the new development.","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":"23 1","pages":"119 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45470460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Russian Religion in Interdisciplinary Perspective 跨学科视角下的俄罗斯宗教

IF 0.3 3区历史学

KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-02-18 DOI: 10.1353/kri.2022.0009

N. Kizenko

引用次数: 0

Maya K. Peterson (1980–2021) 玛雅·k·彼得森(1980-2021)

IF 0.3 3区历史学

KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-02-18 DOI: 10.1353/kri.2022.0015

S. Cameron, Jennifer L. Derr, J. Obertreis

引用次数: 0