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Information Technologies & International Development最新文献

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A Model of How Children Acquire Computing Skills from Hole-in-the-Wall Computers in Public Places 儿童如何从公共场所的墙洞电脑中获得计算技能的模型
Information Technologies & International Development Pub Date : 2005-07-01 DOI: 10.1162/154475205775249319
Ritu Dangwal, S. Jha, Shiffon Chatterjee, Sugata Mitra
{"title":"A Model of How Children Acquire Computing Skills from Hole-in-the-Wall Computers in Public Places","authors":"Ritu Dangwal, S. Jha, Shiffon Chatterjee, Sugata Mitra","doi":"10.1162/154475205775249319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/154475205775249319","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the possibility of constructing a \"minimally invasive\" learning model from the results of a Graphical User Interface (GUI) Icon Association Inventory (devised by Dangwal and Inamdar [Mitra 2003]). We discuss the results obtained from four playground (hole-in-the-wall) computer kiosk sites in southern India, made freely available to children, without supervision, for nine months. Computing skills acquisition, as measured by the Icon Association Inventory, was plotted for each month and the learning curves are reported in the paper. The observed curves were fitted to predicted curves to understand the rates and stages of learning. Results indicate uniform improvement in the computing skills of the children who used these kiosks.","PeriodicalId":45625,"journal":{"name":"Information Technologies & International Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"41-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64442485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 36
The Persistence of Traditional Gender Roles in the Information Technology Sector: A Study of Female Engineers in India 传统性别角色在信息技术领域的持续存在:对印度女性工程师的研究
Information Technologies & International Development Pub Date : 2005-03-01 DOI: 10.1162/1544752054782457
Reena Patel, M. Parmentier
{"title":"The Persistence of Traditional Gender Roles in the Information Technology Sector: A Study of Female Engineers in India","authors":"Reena Patel, M. Parmentier","doi":"10.1162/1544752054782457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1544752054782457","url":null,"abstract":"As women in India enter the rapidly expanding Information Technology (IT) workforce, it could be predicted that their active participation in this sector will change their socio-economic status within the employing organization and the communities in which they reside. It is often expected that women's participation in the professional realm will contribute to a breakdown of traditional gender roles. And indeed, the data illustrate that women are working in the IT sector in India in increasing numbers. However, data collected in 1992 and again in 2002 by the Indian Institute of Technology suggest that not only does women's participation fail to occur at the same speed as IT expansion, but that their participation is based on a continuation of traditional gender roles, which places women on the periphery of an employing organization. Questioning the paradigm of technological determinism, this paper examines how technology and its development can adapt to the existing social structure. The persistence of such gender divides perpetuate the notion of gender segregation and do not enhance women's socio-economic and political status, nor provide equal participation in the information economy.","PeriodicalId":45625,"journal":{"name":"Information Technologies & International Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"29-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64442292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 87
License-Exempt Wireless Policy: Results of an African Survey 免许可证无线政策:非洲调查结果
Information Technologies & International Development Pub Date : 2005-03-01 DOI: 10.1162/1544752054782475
Isabel Neto, M. Best, S. Gillett
{"title":"License-Exempt Wireless Policy: Results of an African Survey","authors":"Isabel Neto, M. Best, S. Gillett","doi":"10.1162/1544752054782475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1544752054782475","url":null,"abstract":"New radio technologies and public policies have, in many countries, allowed transmission on specific frequencies by individuals without a license. These license-exempt, or \"unlicensed,\" bands (including 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz in the United States and much of Europe) are increasingly used for data and voice communications through technologies such as Wi-Fi. We surveyed all African countries on the regulation and use of these bands to assess the implications of unlicensed wireless for telecommunications and Internet development in Africa. Responses from differing country informants, though mostly from regulators, were received from nearly every country on the continent. Responses showed significant policy diversity across countries, with wide variation observed in licensing and equipment certification requirements, enforcement, and restrictions on power output, range, and service offerings. We argue that this regulatory diversity across the continent inhibits economies of scale and may discourage large entrants. Furthermore, lack of clarity and enforcement discourages innovation and small entrepreneurs.","PeriodicalId":45625,"journal":{"name":"Information Technologies & International Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"73-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64442345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Moving Beyond The Real Digital Divide 超越真正的数字鸿沟
Information Technologies & International Development Pub Date : 2005-03-01 DOI: 10.1162/1544752054782448
E. J. Wilson, M. Best, D. Kleine
{"title":"Moving Beyond The Real Digital Divide","authors":"E. J. Wilson, M. Best, D. Kleine","doi":"10.1162/1544752054782448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1544752054782448","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45625,"journal":{"name":"Information Technologies & International Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"3-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64442284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Wireless Networks and Rural Development: Opportunities for Latin America 无线网络与农村发展:拉丁美洲的机遇
Information Technologies & International Development Pub Date : 2005-03-01 DOI: 10.1162/1544752054782420
H. Galperin
{"title":"Wireless Networks and Rural Development: Opportunities for Latin America","authors":"H. Galperin","doi":"10.1162/1544752054782420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1544752054782420","url":null,"abstract":"Recent developments in wireless local area network (WLAN) technologies are raising new hopes for sustainable Internet diffusion in the rural areas of the developing world. These technologies allow drastic reductions in network deployment costs, particularly for last-mile connectivity in low-density areas. More important, the technologies make possible an infrastructure development model based on community-shared resources, small-scale investments, and user experimentation. This paper argues that the new generation of WLAN technologies can significantly alleviate the constraints that limit Internet connectivity in Latin America to the wealthy, urbanized areas. Yet for this potential to be realized governments must rethink current assumptions about spectrum management and universal service policies.","PeriodicalId":45625,"journal":{"name":"Information Technologies & International Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"47-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64442745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 107
Telecommunications, Public Health, and Demand for Health-Related Information and Infrastructure 电信，公共卫生，以及对健康相关信息和基础设施的需求
Information Technologies & International Development Pub Date : 2005-03-01 DOI: 10.1162/1544752054782466
M. Micevska
{"title":"Telecommunications, Public Health, and Demand for Health-Related Information and Infrastructure","authors":"M. Micevska","doi":"10.1162/1544752054782466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1544752054782466","url":null,"abstract":"The paper investigates the proposition that complementarities exist between information technologies and public health promotion. The results of the cross-country analysis indicate that an increase in the stock of telecommunications infrastructure is positively correlated with an improved health status of the population. To integrate more realism into the macrolevel analysis, the paper utilizes household surveys conducted in two emerging market economies: Bangladesh and Laos. The analysis at the household level shows that a basic telephone service offers opportunities in delivering timely information on health services to households with relatively greater demand for this type of information. Telephone access is also associated with an increased demand for telecommunications infrastructure and medical facilities.","PeriodicalId":45625,"journal":{"name":"Information Technologies & International Development","volume":"22 1","pages":"57-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64442305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
Creating Necessary Knowledge 创造必要的知识
Information Technologies & International Development Pub Date : 2004-12-01 DOI: 10.1162/1544752044193452
E. J. Wilson, M. Best
{"title":"Creating Necessary Knowledge","authors":"E. J. Wilson, M. Best","doi":"10.1162/1544752044193452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1544752044193452","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45625,"journal":{"name":"Information Technologies & International Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"3-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64442613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Information Needs Assessment Model (INAM) for Identifying the Information Needs of Rural Communities 识别农村社区信息需求的信息需求评估模型(INAM
Information Technologies & International Development Pub Date : 2004-12-01 DOI: 10.1162/1544752044193461
Anjali Dhingra, Anjali Misra
{"title":"Information Needs Assessment Model (INAM) for Identifying the Information Needs of Rural Communities","authors":"Anjali Dhingra, Anjali Misra","doi":"10.1162/1544752044193461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1544752044193461","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45625,"journal":{"name":"Information Technologies & International Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"77-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64442652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Leveraging the Open Source Software Movement for Development of China's Software Industry 利用开源软件运动促进中国软件产业发展
Information Technologies & International Development Pub Date : 2004-12-01 DOI: 10.1162/1544752044193470
Mingzhi Li, Zhangxi Lin, M. Xia
{"title":"Leveraging the Open Source Software Movement for Development of China's Software Industry","authors":"Mingzhi Li, Zhangxi Lin, M. Xia","doi":"10.1162/1544752044193470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1544752044193470","url":null,"abstract":"The software industries in developing countries face enormous challenges in order to grow amid fierce competition of imports from software manufacturers in developed countries. In this paper, using China as an example, we identify the issues that must be addressed for the software industry, as well as the special characteristics of software products that must be dealt with carefully. We propose promoting Open Source Software as a strategy the government should adopt to foster the software industry and we then recommend a course of actions.","PeriodicalId":45625,"journal":{"name":"Information Technologies & International Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"45-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64442666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
Measuring the Contribution of Infoplazas to Internet Penetration and Use in Panama 衡量资讯广场对巴拿马互联网普及与使用的贡献
Information Technologies & International Development Pub Date : 2004-12-01 DOI: 10.1162/1544752044193443
Norma L. Miller
{"title":"Measuring the Contribution of Infoplazas to Internet Penetration and Use in Panama","authors":"Norma L. Miller","doi":"10.1162/1544752044193443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1544752044193443","url":null,"abstract":"Infoplazas arose in Panama as a means to combat the digital divide by providing Internet connectivity to the economically disadvantaged and geographically remote. Yet there is a dearth of information regarding their actual performance. This study constitutes a first attempt to assess the contribution of infoplazas to the diffusion and use of the Internet in Panama. In so doing, this study sets the ground for the development of a more rigorous measurement tool that might obtain better estimates of the dynamics of infoplazas and similar community information centers. Our research suggests that infoplazas account for approximately 7% of Panama's Internet users, that infoplazas might constitute the only connectivity option for at least 25% of users, and that the annual number of serviced visits might be considerably higher than the official figure. This study also draws attention to a number of challenges faced by the Infoplaza Project.","PeriodicalId":45625,"journal":{"name":"Information Technologies & International Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64442602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
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