{"title":"Artificial-coloring in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia.","authors":"Coşkun Araz, Yavuz Gürkan, Alparslan Kuş","doi":"10.14744/agri.2021.25826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/agri.2021.25826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Ultrasonography (US) is an important visualization technique in regional anesthesia. Increasing in quality of images may lead to better conclusions. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the effect of artificial-coloring on image quality and practitioner's preferences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ultrasound images of five block regions, interscalene, supraclavicular, infraclavicular, femoral, and popliteal were taken on a volunteer using gray scale. Then, the images were colored in seven different color scales using artificial-coloring technique. All participants were asked to fill in the structured questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All created images were assessed by three specialist and 14 resident anesthesiologists. The highest scores about nerve recognition, distinguishing nerve from surrounding tissues, and visual clarity of fascicles were obtained with blue scale images; however, these findings were not significant compared to gray scale (p>0.05). Blue scale was chosen as a favorite scale by 53% of participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increasing the image quality and resolution while performing regional anesthesia under ultrasound guidance increases success and reduces complications. Artificial-coloring is one of the adjustments that can improve image quality. In our study, the results of coloring with blue were remarkable. However, more importantly than the color chosen, we believe that routine adjustments such as gain, depth, and focusing will bring important advantages.</p>","PeriodicalId":45603,"journal":{"name":"Agri-The Journal of the Turkish Society of Algology","volume":"35 1","pages":"10-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10865337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultrasound-guided interfascial blocks of the trapezius muscle for cervicogenic headache.","authors":"Tülin Arıcı, Çetin Kürşad Akpınar, Adnan Burak Bilgiç, İdris Şevki Köken","doi":"10.14744/agri.2021.21957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/agri.2021.21957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Disorders in the cervical muscles, such as myofascial trigger points and tightness, are common factors in patients with cervicogenic headache (CEH). We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided interfascial blocks of the trapezius muscle in patients with CEH who showed tenderness in the upper cervical muscle groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 23 patients were evaluated in the prospective observational trial. The injection was performed between the trapezius muscle and levator scapula muscle fascia with a disposable 25-gauge, 10-cm Quincke-tip spinal needle. 10 mL of 0.125% bupivacaine was injected between the muscle fascia. Numeric rating scale (NRS), neck disability index (NDI), pain frequency, and analgesic consumption in the pre-treatment and post-treatment period were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NRS scores at 10 min, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks after treatment were significantly better than the pre-treatment NRS score. The NDI scores at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after treatment were significantly better than the pre-treatment NDI score. The pain frequency at 1 and 2 weeks after treatment was significantly lower than that recorded in the pre-treatment period. Statistically significant reductions were observed in analgesic consumption at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after treatment, in comparison with consumption in the pre-treatment period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We suggest that an ultrasound-guided interfascial block of the trapezius muscle is effective for the treatment of CEH caused by muscle disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":45603,"journal":{"name":"Agri-The Journal of the Turkish Society of Algology","volume":"35 1","pages":"16-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10569789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An unusual obstacle to the thoracic interlaminar epidural injection for the treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia.","authors":"Serhad Bilim, Savaş Şencan, Osman Hakan Gündüz","doi":"10.14744/agri.2020.68878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/agri.2020.68878","url":null,"abstract":"Interlaminar epidural steroid injections corresponding to dermatomes affected by post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) were found effective in reducing pain. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a non-inflammatory condition that mainly occurs with calcification and ossification of spinal ligaments such as anterior and posterior longitudinal, interspinous, supraspinous ligament, and ligamentum flavum. In this case, it is presented that the failure of the access to the T7-T8 interlaminar space due to the supra/interspinous ligament calcification and ossification accompanied by thoracic DISH in a 73-year-old male for the treatment of PHN.","PeriodicalId":45603,"journal":{"name":"Agri-The Journal of the Turkish Society of Algology","volume":"35 1","pages":"44-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10569788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resul Yılmaz, Gökhan Kocadağ, Şule Arıcan, Mustafa Özdemir, Ruhiye Reisli, Sema Tuncer Uzun
{"title":"Evaluation of pupil diameter for pain assessment in interventional headache management.","authors":"Resul Yılmaz, Gökhan Kocadağ, Şule Arıcan, Mustafa Özdemir, Ruhiye Reisli, Sema Tuncer Uzun","doi":"10.14744/agri.2022.37880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/agri.2022.37880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Pain is a subjective experience. Besides, sensory, affective and behavioral responses, and autonomic response are part of pain response to noxious stimuli. Evaluation of pupil diameter by pupillometry has been used as an alternative method for pain assessment. In algologic procedures like interventional headache management have not been addressed in the literature. Herein, we investigated changes in pupil diameter during interventional headache management as an objective method for pain assessment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Demographic data of the patients were collected before the bilateral major occipital nerve blockage (MONB) procedure. Numeric rating score (NRS) and pupil diameter measurements by pupillometer were recorded before MONB. Standard MONB procedure was applied to all patients. Pain assessment and pupillary diameter measurements were obtained after nerve blockage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-eight patients were included in this study. Mean age was 41.03+-12.63 years. There is no difference between the hemodynamic parameters before and after the procedure. Post-procedure NRS and pupil diameter values were significantly lower than pre-procedure values. There was a positive correlation between changes in NRS scores and changes in the right and left pupil diameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a significant correlation between NRS score and pupil diameter in patients who underwent MONB. Monitoring of pupil diameter can be used for pain assessment during headache treatment. Evaluation of pupil diameter is a new approach in pain palliation. Future research is needed to study the effect of other parameters, that is, gender, age, origin of pain, acute, and chronic pain on pupil diameter and to evaluate its application in different algological procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":45603,"journal":{"name":"Agri-The Journal of the Turkish Society of Algology","volume":"35 1","pages":"22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10865339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of the levels of low back pain, depression, and burnout of the personnel providing formal care for children with disability and elderly individuals.","authors":"Seda Karaman, Özlem Çınar Özdemir","doi":"10.14744/agri.2021.68094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/agri.2021.68094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the low-back pain, depression, and burnout levels among formal caregivers of elderly individuals and children with disability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive and cross-sectional study included 29 caregivers of children with disabilities (Group 1) and 26 caregivers of elderly individuals (Group 2). The sociodemographic characteristics of the participants were questioned. The part of low back pain in the Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to estimate of low back pain. Beck Depression Inventory and Maslach Burnout Inventory were used to evaluate the levels of depression and burnout, respectively. In analysis, percentage values, mean, standard deviation, frequency, and t-test for comparative statistics and Chi-square and Fisher Exact test for categorical variables were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant difference between the two groups only for the frequency of pain (p=0.039). There was a significant difference in depression levels between the groups (p=0.001) and no difference in the burnout level of the among groups (emotional exhaustion p=0.21; depersonalization p=0.95; and personal achievement p=0.066).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was observed that the disabled and elderly care personnel included in this study similarly experienced moderate burnout, and they also had similar complaints in terms of low back pain, except for the frequency of pain. It was found that the depression levels of the disabled child caregivers were higher than the elderly caregivers. As a result, it has been seen that care work can cause both physical and psychosocial problems in both groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":45603,"journal":{"name":"Agri-The Journal of the Turkish Society of Algology","volume":"34 4","pages":"298-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40666321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
İlteriş Ahmet Şentürk, Egemen Ünal, Mahmut Cem Tarakçıoğlu, Müge Kepekçi, Edibe Pembegül Yıldız
{"title":"Preliminary validation of the Turkish version of the pain catastrophizing scale for children and parents (PCS-C and PCS-P) in primary childhood headache.","authors":"İlteriş Ahmet Şentürk, Egemen Ünal, Mahmut Cem Tarakçıoğlu, Müge Kepekçi, Edibe Pembegül Yıldız","doi":"10.14744/agri.2021.92195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/agri.2021.92195","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES\u0000The aims of this study were to translate the pain catastrophizing scale for children and parents (PCS-C and PCS-P) into Turkish (TurPCS-C and TurPCS-P) and evaluate the psychometric properties in children with primary headache.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Exploratory factor analysis was used to test the construct validity. Reliability was measured using item-total score correlation, internal consistency (Cronbach α coefficient), Cronbach α if the item was deleted, and test-retest correlation. Concurrent validity and convergent validity of the scales were correlated with other scales (Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale [RCADS], RCADS Parent RCADS-P, Quality of Life Scale for Children [PedsQL], and PedsQL-Parents [PedsQL-P]) and some related features (pain intensity, mobile phone usage time, and headache duration).\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Of the 80 children participating in the study, 55 (68.8%) were girls and 25 (31.2%) were boys. It was determined that the original three-factor structure was not supported for TurPCS-C and TurPCS-P. Cronbach α value was 0.871 for TurPCS-C consisting of 12 items, and Cronbach α value was 0.890 for TurPCS-P consisting of 12 items. As the PedsQL score increased, there was a negative correlation (p<0.05, r=-0.575) in all three areas of TurPCS-C, and there was a positive correlation (p<0.05) among the scores from the RCADS scale and TurPCS-C. Similarly, there was a negative correlation with PedsQL-P and TurPCS-P and positive correlation with RCADS-P and TurPCS-P (p<0.05 for each).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000TurPCS-C and TurPCS-P are an evaluation instrument with sufficient validity and reliability, and it can be reliably used to examine pediatric patients with primary headache.","PeriodicalId":45603,"journal":{"name":"Agri-The Journal of the Turkish Society of Algology","volume":"34 4","pages":"278-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40438724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spinal cord stimulator for the treatment of ischemic pain-Burger's disease and Raynaud's disease: A report of two cases and literature review.","authors":"Esra Ertilav, Osman Nuri Aydın","doi":"10.14744/agri.2020.29053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/agri.2020.29053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemic pain is the main symptom of a group of diseases that result in inadequate blood flow to the extremities and ischemia. In this symptomatology, two major diseases are distinguished: Critical vascular disease and Raynaud's phenomenon. Critical vascular disease background of atherosclerosis caused by diabetes mellitus or hypertension. Raynaud phenomenon is divided into primary and secondary form. The primary form is due to vasospasm and there is no underlying cause. Secondary form is associated with underlying connective tissue or rheumatic diseases, peripheral vascular diseases such as thromboangitis obliterans (Burger's disease). Clinical findings in Raynaud's disease are vasomotor changes with cold exposure such as bruising, coldness, painful paresthesias, and ulcers due to chronic ischemia. Clinic presentation in critical ischemic disease is intermittent claudication for earlier stage and resting pain, gangrene, necrosis, and trophic changes were added in advanced stages. The treatment of the Raynaud 's disease in early stage is medical and conservative. In case of advanced stage ischemic vascular disease, medical treatment resistant pain, insufficient response to endovascular treatment, and inoperabl cases, interventions such as sympathectomy and spinal cord stimulation (SCS) can be applicable. SCS reduces vascular resistance through vasodilator mediators and increases blood flow. SCS also suppresses sympathetic vasoconstriction, increases tissue vascularity, reduces tissue damage, provides ulcer healing and pain reduction. In this report, we demonstrated that persistent Raynaud's disease and advanced stage Burger's disease were successfully treated with SCS.</p>","PeriodicalId":45603,"journal":{"name":"Agri-The Journal of the Turkish Society of Algology","volume":"34 4","pages":"316-321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40651736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of musculoskeletal pain and related factors in school-age children (8-12 years).","authors":"Seide Karasel, Nedime Karasel, Dua Cebeci","doi":"10.14744/agri.2021.04378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/agri.2021.04378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of pain and related factors in musculoskeletal system in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 313 primary school students were analyzed in this cross-sectional study conducted in the Famagusta city center and surrounding villages. The physical activity musculoskeletal pain (MSP) level, health-related quality of life weight, height, and school bag weights of the students were measured by a blinded researcher.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study group consisted of 164 (52.40%) boys and 149 (47.6%) girls with a mean age of 9.53±0.82 years. In the present study, MSP frequency was found to be 39.0%. There was no relationship between MSP and the following parameters: Age, sex, body mass index, hours of weekly gym lesson, regular participation in sports, weekly time spent with sports, school bag type, and school bag weight. There was also no relationship between these parameters and region of pain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Excessive walking and sitting were associated with increased MSP. Contrary to popular opinion, it was found that school bag weight and school bag type were not effective on MSP. Our results show that the quality of life of children can be improved by reducing MSP.</p>","PeriodicalId":45603,"journal":{"name":"Agri-The Journal of the Turkish Society of Algology","volume":"34 4","pages":"254-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40666317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The frequency and related factors of primary headaches in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis.","authors":"Rabia Gökçen Gözübatik Çelik, Derya Uludüz Ulu, Esra Hatipoğlu, Yalçın Hacıoğlu, Bengi Gül Alparslan Türk, Mehmet Ali Sungur, Baki Göksan, Sabahattin Saip, Aksel Siva","doi":"10.14744/agri.2021.04874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/agri.2021.04874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of primary headache and potential biomarkers in patients diagnosed with Hashimoto thyroiditis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis referred to the outpatient endocrinology clinic were included in the study. The demographic data, thyroid function test results, and autoantibody titers were recorded. The headache's clinical characteristics were also determined. The same researcher used the visual analog scale for headache severity rating in all patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>155 patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis were included the study. There were 95 (61.3%) cases diagnosed with headache consisting of 20 (21.1%) migraine cases, 17 (17.9%) tension type headaches (TTHs), and 20 (21.1%) new daily persistent headaches (NDPHs). 38 of 155 (24.5%) had hypothyroidism related headaches (HRHs). There was no statistically significant relationship between the headache type and a high blood antibody level anti thyroid peroxidase antibody (p=0.135), while a positive correlation was found with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (p<0.001). Hashimoto patients with migraine (n=14, 70.0%) were found to have higher blood antibody levels, while these ratios were found as 86.8% (n=33) in HRH-patients, 76.5% (n=13) in TTH-patients, and 60.0% (n=12) in NDPH-patients. 86 of 155 (55.5%) patients reported new onset headaches after a Hashimoto's thyroiditis diagnosis, and the headaches persisted without hormone therapy in 48 (84.2%) of these patients. These patients diagnosed with primary headache and this was interpreted as demonstrating comorbidity between Hashimoto's disease and primary headaches.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Detection of only the relationship between TSH level and headache suggested that different mechanisms play a role in the pathophysiology. In the diagnosis of primary headache, it is important to look into secondary reasons.</p>","PeriodicalId":45603,"journal":{"name":"Agri-The Journal of the Turkish Society of Algology","volume":"34 4","pages":"292-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40666318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of antinociceptive effects of vitamin D and EB1089 in rats.","authors":"Seda Gündüz Başçıl, Asuman Gölgeli","doi":"10.14744/agri.2022.60590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/agri.2022.60590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of vitamin D on pain threshold in rats. In addition, to examine, whether EB1089, which is a vitamin D receptor agonist, can contribute to this mechanism by increasing the effects of the receptor.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the study, 24 male Wistar Albino rats of 3 months, an average of 240-260 g, were used. The animals were randomly divided into three groups, eight animals in each group. Groups; control, vitamin D (10 µg/kg), and EB1089 (10 µg/kg). Tail flick and hot plate tests were used to evaluate the antinociceptive effect. Measurements were taken at 0 min before drug administration and at 30, 60, and 90 min after drug administration and times were recorded in seconds. Serotonin levels were also analyzed by ELISA method in plasma obtained from intracardiac blood samples taken at the end of the experiment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vitamin D and EB1089 significantly increased the time to endure pain in the tail flick test compared to the control group (p<0.05). In the hot plate test, EB1089 group significantly extended the pain threshold compared to the control group (p<0.05), while the vitamin D group did not create a significant difference, although it had a higher latency than the control group (p>0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of serotonin levels (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As a result of our study, the administration of vitamin D and EB1089 increased the pain threshold in animals and increased pain resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":45603,"journal":{"name":"Agri-The Journal of the Turkish Society of Algology","volume":"34 4","pages":"229-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40666320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}