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The Large Cutting Tools from Wonderboom, South Africa 来自南非Wonderboom的大型切割工具
IF 1.7 3区 社会学
Lithic Technology Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2021.1973782
M. Lotter, M. Caruana, M. Lombard
{"title":"The Large Cutting Tools from Wonderboom, South Africa","authors":"M. Lotter, M. Caruana, M. Lombard","doi":"10.1080/01977261.2021.1973782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2021.1973782","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Wonderboom remains largely excluded from discussions about the Earlier Stone Age of southern Africa, despite having one of the largest Acheulean assemblages for the region. With this contribution, we revisit its large cutting tool assemblage (namely the handaxes, cleavers, picks and knives) and investigate some of the tool manufacturing preferences of the hominins who used the site during the Earlier Stone Age. We also provide an inter-site comparison of handaxes with another later and two early Acheulean sites from South Africa, wherein the Wonderboom assemblage clusters with the later Acheulean and is distinguished from the early Acheulean assemblages. This tentatively places Wonderboom within the South African Acheulean chronology and provides the first characterization of later Acheulean LCT production strategies for the region that includes the Cradle of Humankind.","PeriodicalId":45597,"journal":{"name":"Lithic Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42040791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Seasonal Aggregation Site in Late Paleolithic – Intrasite Analysis of Large Hamburgian Encampment in Myszęcin, Western Poland 旧石器时代晚期的季节性聚集点——波兰西部Myszęcin大型汉堡营地的遗址内分析
IF 1.7 3区 社会学
Lithic Technology Pub Date : 2021-08-26 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2021.1967580
Jakub Mugaj
{"title":"Seasonal Aggregation Site in Late Paleolithic – Intrasite Analysis of Large Hamburgian Encampment in Myszęcin, Western Poland","authors":"Jakub Mugaj","doi":"10.1080/01977261.2021.1967580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2021.1967580","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The pioneering colonization of the North European Plain by the communities of the Hamburgian culture was considered a cultural phenomenon related archaeologically to episodic short-term occupations. The camps resulting from this mobility were to be characterized by little differentiation. The presented article shows the results of a spatial analysis of the Hamburgian culture site in Myszęcin, in western Poland. The use of the refitting method to analyze the flint inventory made it possible to determine the relative chronology of concentrations and to reconstruct the spatial organization of the camp. The results of the analysis indicate the existence of large encampments in the settlement system of the Hamburgian societies. The presence of such structures suggests that the Hamburgian groups functioned within a dualistic settlement model with seasonal aggregation, which was a permanent element of the post-Magdalenian traditions of the Late Paleolithic communities.","PeriodicalId":45597,"journal":{"name":"Lithic Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46488754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Rock Music: An Auditory Assessment of Knapping 摇滚音乐:敲击的听觉评估
IF 1.7 3区 社会学
Lithic Technology Pub Date : 2021-08-26 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2021.1967581
Heather Smith, Alyssa Perrone, Michael Wilson, M. Raghanti, C. Lovejoy, M. J. Rosen, Sharad J. Shanbhag, David S. DeForrest, R. Lyman, M. Eren
{"title":"Rock Music: An Auditory Assessment of Knapping","authors":"Heather Smith, Alyssa Perrone, Michael Wilson, M. Raghanti, C. Lovejoy, M. J. Rosen, Sharad J. Shanbhag, David S. DeForrest, R. Lyman, M. Eren","doi":"10.1080/01977261.2021.1967581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2021.1967581","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We explore and describe the auditory landscape that emerges from stone tool making. Using two trained musicians, we identify the pitches and octaves produced from percussion knapping. We also analyze whether knapping sounds vary by raw material, knapper skill level, or by flake size. Our results show that our chosen stone material types each displayed a single fundamental pitch (E or G) with one or two additional octaves present, and each individual nodule maintained the same pitch throughout reduction. Knappers of different skills produced no differences in pitch, but there were significant differences in octaves present. Different raw materials showed significant differences in both pitch and octaves present. Flake size did not seem to influence either pitch or octaves present. The acoustic landscape resulting from knapping was certainly even more diverse than what we documented here, and likely influenced hominin stone tool production and learning, cognition, language, and music.","PeriodicalId":45597,"journal":{"name":"Lithic Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46977701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Heat Treatment and Changes in Siliceous Rock Quality in the Southern End of the Deseado Massif (Patagonia, Argentina) 阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚Deseado地块南端硅质岩石热处理及质量变化
IF 1.7 3区 社会学
Lithic Technology Pub Date : 2021-08-11 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2021.1961412
L. Vetrisano, N. Franco
{"title":"Heat Treatment and Changes in Siliceous Rock Quality in the Southern End of the Deseado Massif (Patagonia, Argentina)","authors":"L. Vetrisano, N. Franco","doi":"10.1080/01977261.2021.1961412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2021.1961412","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The use of high-quality rocks and heat-treatment by hunter-gatherers during the initial exploration of America has been emphasized by different authors. Here we present the case of the Southern End of the Deseado Massif (Patagonia, Argentina), where human occupations have been dated from the Pleistocene-Holocene transition until historical times. An intense survey of lithic resources has shown the presence of primary and secondary sources of high quality siliceous rocks, most of them of hydrothermal origin. These siliceous rocks have a highly localized occurrence. In most cases, their quality does not match the one found at the archaeological record, which encompasses caches of artifacts, logistic and multiple activity sites. We present the results of heat treatment experiments on samples from local primary sources. Results obtained are compared with the artifacts found, in order to evaluate the potential utilization of the sources and the presence of heat treatment in the archaeological record.","PeriodicalId":45597,"journal":{"name":"Lithic Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48443217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Beyond the Mighty Projectile Point: Techno-functional Study in a Late Pleistocene Artifact, Pilauco Site, Osorno, Northwestern Chilean Patagonia 超越强大的抛射点:一件晚更新世器物的技术功能研究，皮劳科遗址，Osorno，智利西北部巴塔哥尼亚
IF 1.7 3区 社会学
Lithic Technology Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2021.1958133
Antonio Pérez-Balarezo, Ximena Navarro-Harris, E. Böeda, Mario Pino
{"title":"Beyond the Mighty Projectile Point: Techno-functional Study in a Late Pleistocene Artifact, Pilauco Site, Osorno, Northwestern Chilean Patagonia","authors":"Antonio Pérez-Balarezo, Ximena Navarro-Harris, E. Böeda, Mario Pino","doi":"10.1080/01977261.2021.1958133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2021.1958133","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Pilauco site, in northwestern Chilean Patagonia, presents evidence of human occupation in South America ca. 16,500 cal yr BP. This article presents the techno-functional analysis of a unifacial artifact belonging to a 17,300 cal yr BP level, found in association with five other lithic pieces. Artifacts of this type have long been considered expedient rather than formal or curated pieces. These artifacts remain in the shadow of bifacial pieces, particularly so-called projectile points. The results of the techno-functional analysis made it possible to diagnose the unifacial artifact as a plano-convex volumetric structure with two parallel backs, on which two different tools were produced at different manufacturing stages via the technical operations of affordance, debitage, and shaping. The detailed description of this type of artifact is crucial for a more complete definition of the technical phenomena associated with the first occupations in South America.","PeriodicalId":45597,"journal":{"name":"Lithic Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01977261.2021.1958133","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48367790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Can One See the Wood for the Trees in Prehistoric Egypt? A Study of Fayum Neolithic Axes 在史前埃及，人们能以木换木吗？法尤姆新石器时代斧头研究
IF 1.7 3区 社会学
Lithic Technology Pub Date : 2021-07-16 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2021.1946289
N. Shirai
{"title":"Can One See the Wood for the Trees in Prehistoric Egypt? A Study of Fayum Neolithic Axes","authors":"N. Shirai","doi":"10.1080/01977261.2021.1946289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2021.1946289","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Fayum has been known as the oldest center of cereal cultivation in prehistoric Egypt. How Egypt’s earliest Neolithic farmers lived a life is still a subject of controversy. This article focuses on Neolithic stone axes from Kom W, the type site of the Fayum Neolithic. These axes were collected and insufficiently published by the British archaeologist Gertrude Caton-Thompson in the early twentieth century, and are presently stored in the Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology at University College London. A new study elucidates how these axes were made, used, repaired and recycled. These axes suggest that there was woody vegetation around Kom W and the inhabitants of this site needed to fell trees and work wood.","PeriodicalId":45597,"journal":{"name":"Lithic Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42564821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Confined Pressure Compression Scratches: A New Observation in Lithic Analysis 限压压缩划痕:岩屑分析中的新观察
IF 1.7 3区 社会学
Lithic Technology Pub Date : 2021-05-28 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2021.1924453
Sofus Stenak
{"title":"Confined Pressure Compression Scratches: A New Observation in Lithic Analysis","authors":"Sofus Stenak","doi":"10.1080/01977261.2021.1924453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2021.1924453","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT During the Late Neolithic in southern Scandinavia and northern Germany, flint daggers reached an exceptionally high quality of craftsmanship. The blades of these daggers were pattern flaked using a pressure technique, which has been replicated by several archaeologists and flint knappers. Observations of scratches caused by the pressure flaking technique can be pointed out on the archaeological finds, and explained as a consequence of the holding position. This grants archaeology a new insight into the techniques of the ancient craftsmen and the interaction between the material and the individual. The “confined pressure compression scratches” suggests that a consistent pressure flaking technique was used throughout the late Neolithic in the region, regardless of the dagger morphology. The observations presented in this article can be extended to other pressure flaked lithics of the world.","PeriodicalId":45597,"journal":{"name":"Lithic Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01977261.2021.1924453","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45470873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
North American Clovis Point Form and Performance II: An Experimental Assessment of Point, Haft, and Shaft Durability 北美克洛维斯点形式和性能II:点，轴和轴耐久性的实验评估
IF 1.7 3区 社会学
Lithic Technology Pub Date : 2021-05-24 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2021.1926724
M. Eren, Michelle R. Bebber, D. Wilcox, B. Story, Briggs Buchanan
{"title":"North American Clovis Point Form and Performance II: An Experimental Assessment of Point, Haft, and Shaft Durability","authors":"M. Eren, Michelle R. Bebber, D. Wilcox, B. Story, Briggs Buchanan","doi":"10.1080/01977261.2021.1926724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2021.1926724","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study presents the results of an experimental assessment of Clovis projectile durability, or the ability of Clovis point forms and their hafts to withstand impact damage. This work is the second contribution in a series of experimental studies aimed at shedding light on the functional performance of distinct Clovis point forms. For this experiment we fired seven replica Clovis point forms, representing the average and extremes of observed Clovis form, into wood boards until damaged. The resulting damage to the point, haft lashings, and shaft were recorded on each of the 203 specimens. Statistical comparison of the damage indicated differences among the point forms in the amount of damage to the points, haft lashings, and shafts. We show that these results indicate a broad inverse relationship with penetration capability, suggesting a functional trade-off that may have influenced Paleoindian point design.","PeriodicalId":45597,"journal":{"name":"Lithic Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01977261.2021.1926724","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43135555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
A Trampling Experiment to Assess Fractures and Edge Damage in Quarry’s Lithic Assemblages 评价采石场岩屑组合裂缝和边缘损伤的践踏实验
IF 1.7 3区 社会学
Lithic Technology Pub Date : 2021-05-17 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2021.1926702
Celeste Weitzel, Aitor Sánchez
{"title":"A Trampling Experiment to Assess Fractures and Edge Damage in Quarry’s Lithic Assemblages","authors":"Celeste Weitzel, Aitor Sánchez","doi":"10.1080/01977261.2021.1926702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2021.1926702","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 We present a trampling experiment aimed at evaluating the overall morphological modifications on stone artifacts discarded forming big piles of lithic materials like the ones in intensive quarrying contexts. In this experiment, in contrast with most of the many trampling experiments developed so far, we laid orthoquartzite and silicified limestone artifacts in a nine- layered pile that included cores, flakes, different tools, and chunks. In this research, we focused on breakage and analyzed fracture rates and fracture types. Also, we contrasted the metric characteristics of fractured specimens against the model proposed for trampling fragmentation potential. The preliminary analysis presented for edge damage considered amount, distribution, location, scars width and length, and the identification of pseudo-tools. Results suggest that trampling over lithic artifact piles – a hard, irregular, and highly dynamic substrate – produces very high frequencies of modifications in lithic artifacts especially edge damage, including the production of pseudo-tools.","PeriodicalId":45597,"journal":{"name":"Lithic Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01977261.2021.1926702","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42042428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A Review of Splintered Pieces from Two Lithic Assemblages in Mediterranean Europe: Grotta Della Serratura (Marina di Camerota, Italy) and Cueva de Nerja (Málaga, Spain) 欧洲地中海地区两个石器组合的碎片:Grotta Della Serratura (Marina di Camerota，意大利)和Cueva de Nerja (Málaga，西班牙)
IF 1.7 3区 社会学
Lithic Technology Pub Date : 2021-05-14 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2021.1924477
M. Vadillo Conesa, Giuliana Ricci, Mariel Bencomo Viala, J. E. Aura Tortosa, F. Martini
{"title":"A Review of Splintered Pieces from Two Lithic Assemblages in Mediterranean Europe: Grotta Della Serratura (Marina di Camerota, Italy) and Cueva de Nerja (Málaga, Spain)","authors":"M. Vadillo Conesa, Giuliana Ricci, Mariel Bencomo Viala, J. E. Aura Tortosa, F. Martini","doi":"10.1080/01977261.2021.1924477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2021.1924477","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The interest of this paper lies in the analysis of variability detected within the group of splintered pieces, establishing distinctions within this broad category. A technological and traceological reading has been used for this purpose. These analyses have been applied to two geographically distant, chronologically disparate assemblages, which make up our case study, Grotta della Serratura, (Italy) and Cueva de Nerja (Spain). Addressing these assemblages together has allowed us to compare the different contexts in which they developed. We have found that the presence of these pieces can be correlated with different points in the chaîne opératoire, knapping, retouch or use; they may all be found at the same site or may be the consequence of a single phase. We have taken these sites as the basis for defining the different categories. This work is therefore intended to be used as a reference for researchers studying lithic assemblages containing such pieces.","PeriodicalId":45597,"journal":{"name":"Lithic Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01977261.2021.1924477","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59141316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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