Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis最新文献_第5页

A Benefit-Cost Analysis of Tulsa Pre-K, Based on Effects on High School Graduation and College Attendance 基于高中毕业率和大学出勤率影响的塔尔萨学前教育收益-成本分析

IF 3.4 4区经济学

Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.17848/pol2022-029

T. Bartik, W. Gormley, S. Amadon, Douglas Hummel-Price, J. Fuller

{"title":"A Benefit-Cost Analysis of Tulsa Pre-K, Based on Effects on High School Graduation and College Attendance","authors":"T. Bartik, W. Gormley, S. Amadon, Douglas Hummel-Price, J. Fuller","doi":"10.17848/pol2022-029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17848/pol2022-029","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper presents new benefit–cost estimates for the Tulsa universal pre-K program. These calculations are based on estimated effects, from two recent papers, of Tulsa pre-K on high-school graduation rates and college attendance rates of students who were in kindergarten in the fall of 2006. In the current paper, educational effects from these prior papers are used to infer lifetime earnings effects. Our conservative estimates suggest that per pre-K participant, the present value of earnings effects in 2021 dollars is $25,533, compared with program costs of $9,628, for a benefit–cost ratio of 2.65. Compared to prior benefit–cost studies of Tulsa pre-K, this benefit–cost ratio is below what was predicted from Tulsa pre-K’s effects on kindergarten test scores, but above what was predicted from Tulsa pre-K’s effects on grade retention by ninth grade. This fading and recovery of predicted pre-K effects as children go through K-12 and then enter adulthood is consistent with prior research. It suggests that pre-K may have important effects on “soft skills,” such as persisting in school, and reminds us that short-term studies of pre-K provide useful information for public policy.","PeriodicalId":45587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90378009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three Criteria for Evaluating Social Programs 评估社会项目的三个标准

IF 3.4 4区经济学

Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/bca.2022.18

J. García, J. Heckman

引用次数: 0

The Weak Spot of Infrastructure BCA: Cost Overruns in Seven Road and Railway Construction Projects 基础设施BCA的薄弱环节:七个公路铁路建设项目的成本超支

IF 3.4 4区经济学

Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.1017/bca.2022.10

J. Nilsson

{"title":"The Weak Spot of Infrastructure BCA: Cost Overruns in Seven Road and Railway Construction Projects","authors":"J. Nilsson","doi":"10.1017/bca.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/bca.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article describes the process from first proposals in the early 1990s to project completion many years later for seven large Swedish road and railway projects. The purpose is to find reasons for the massive cost overruns as well as explanations for why projects are brought to completion despite much higher costs than when the decision to build was made. Cost overruns are set in an institutional context to highlight the interplay among national, regional, and local policymakers. National investment programs are seen as promises by other parts of society, irrespective of whether project costs increase during the process toward procurement and implementation. Another aspect is that the infrastructure manager’s administrative framework currently makes it impossible to compare costs in contracts with final cost, meaning that there is no institutionalized learning process in place. Design preparations and the estimation of costs for new projects must therefore be done without an understanding of what has been working well in the implementation of previous projects. While Benefit-Cost Analysis (BCA) played no role in the planning of the seven projects, the article sends a stark warning that early cost estimates provide poor input for assessing project rate of return.","PeriodicalId":45587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79672074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Dynamic Versus Static Modeling of Mortality-Related Benefits of PM2.5 Reductions in the USA and Chile: 1990 to 2050 1990年至2050年美国和智利PM2.5减少对死亡率相关益处的动态与静态建模

IF 3.4 4区经济学

Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI: 10.1017/bca.2022.5

H. Roman, J. Neumann, Stefani Penn, A. White, N. Fann

{"title":"Dynamic Versus Static Modeling of Mortality-Related Benefits of PM2.5 Reductions in the USA and Chile: 1990 to 2050","authors":"H. Roman, J. Neumann, Stefani Penn, A. White, N. Fann","doi":"10.1017/bca.2022.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/bca.2022.5","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Economic and health benefits assessments of air quality changes often quantify and report changes in deaths at a given point in time. The typical approach uses a method that attributes air pollution-related health impacts to a single year air quality change (or “pulse”). The perspective on benefits from these static pulse analyses can be enhanced by conducting a dynamic population assessment using life tables. Such analyses can provide a richer characterization of health risks across a population over a multiyear time horizon. In this article, we use the life table approach to quantify cumulative counts of reductions in PM-attributable deaths and life-years gained due to overlapping impacts of PM2.5 changes over a multiyear period, using case studies of air quality improvements in the USA and Chile. Our comparison of health risk and economic valuation for the two approaches shows life table analysis can be a valuable adjunct analysis to the pulse approach though both come with their own set of uncertainties and limitations. If applied jointly, they provide a broader characterization of how air quality actions can change populations in terms of life-years lost, life expectancy, and age structure. The value of these metrics is illustrated using case studies with dramatically different air quality reduction trajectories.","PeriodicalId":45587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79354644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Broad Impacts of Disposable Lighter Safety Regulations 一次性打火机安全法规的广泛影响

IF 3.4 4区经济学

Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis Pub Date : 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.1017/bca.2022.6

W. Viscusi, R. Dalafave

引用次数: 1

Time Savings vs. Access-Based Benefit Assessment of New York’s Second Avenue Subway 纽约第二大道地铁的时间节约与交通效益评估

IF 3.4 4区经济学

Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis Pub Date : 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.1017/bca.2022.3

Yadi Wang, D. Levinson

{"title":"Time Savings vs. Access-Based Benefit Assessment of New York’s Second Avenue Subway","authors":"Yadi Wang, D. Levinson","doi":"10.1017/bca.2022.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/bca.2022.3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Under the current practice of benefit-cost analysis, the direct economic benefits produced by a newly built transit facility are assessed based on how it affects travel time and various costs that are associated with transport needs and travel behavior. However, the time-saving-based benefit calculation approach has been questioned and criticized. Given the strong correlation between accessibility and land value, we propose the access-based land value benefit assessment as an alternative, and apply this assessment method to analyzing the Second Avenue Subway project in Manhattan, New York. The primary principle of the access-based method is that the economic value of a transport project’s intangible gains is largely capitalized by nearby properties’ value appreciation, which is directly caused by improved transport accessibility. We find that: (i) the actual travel time saving is lower than originally forecast; (ii) a strong positive correlation between residential property value and job accessibility by transit is observed; (iii) the appreciation in sold property value and rented property value both far exceed total project cost; and (iv) such results support the decision to approve and construct the Second Avenue Subway.","PeriodicalId":45587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis","volume":"39 1","pages":"120 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90710726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Prospective Evaluation of Health Communication Effects on Market Outcomes 健康传播对市场结果影响的前瞻性评估

IF 3.4 4区经济学

Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis Pub Date : 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.1017/bca.2022.1

Rosemarie L. Summers, D. Wood, Nellie Lew, S. Karns, M. Muth, C. Nardinelli, Janet G. Peckham, C. Wolff

引用次数: 0

Categorizing and Ranking Graphs in Economics Research: The American Economic Review over the Last Century 经济学研究中的分类和排序图:上个世纪的美国经济评论

IF 3.4 4区经济学

Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1017/bca.2021.17

Jonathan A. Schwabish

引用次数: 0

Is California’s Electric Vehicle Rebate Regressive? A Distributional Analysis 加州电动汽车退税是累退的吗?A分布分析

IF 3.4 4区经济学

Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.1017/bca.2022.2

A. L. Ku, J. Graham

引用次数: 2

When Can Benefit–Cost Analyses Ignore Secondary Markets? 什么时候收益-成本分析可以忽略二级市场?

IF 3.4 4区经济学

Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/bca.2022.22

Matthew J. Kotchen, Arik Levinson

引用次数: 0