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The Roman siege system of Masada: a 3D computerized analysis of a conflict landscape 马萨达的罗马攻城系统：对冲突景观的三维计算机分析
IF 0.7 2区 历史学
Journal of Roman Archaeology Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1017/s1047759424000084
Hai Ashkenazi, Omer Ze'evi-Berger, Boaz Gross, Guy D. Stiebel
{"title":"The Roman siege system of Masada: a 3D computerized analysis of a conflict landscape","authors":"Hai Ashkenazi, Omer Ze'evi-Berger, Boaz Gross, Guy D. Stiebel","doi":"10.1017/s1047759424000084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1047759424000084","url":null,"abstract":"The 1st-c. CE Roman siege system of Masada exhibits a high degree of preservation due to its remote location and the arid climate. However, unlike the thoroughly excavated Masada fortress, the siege system has not received due attention. This article is part of a research project aimed at advancing our understanding of the conflict landscape around Masada using contemporary archaeological methods. Following a comprehensive surface survey and photogrammetric 3D modelling, we show that the circumvallation wall stood to a height of 2–2.5 m and served several functions – as an obstacle, a means of psychological warfare, and a platform from which to mount counterattacks. Based on our measurements and workload estimations, we argue that the construction of the siege wall and the camps around Masada occurred fairly quickly.","PeriodicalId":45533,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Roman Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Debating the domus ecclesiae at Dura-Europos: the Christian Building in context 辩论杜拉-欧罗巴斯的教会建筑：基督教建筑的来龙去脉
IF 0.7 2区 历史学
Journal of Roman Archaeology Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1017/s1047759424000126
Camille Leon Angelo, Joshua Silver
{"title":"Debating the domus ecclesiae at Dura-Europos: the Christian Building in context","authors":"Camille Leon Angelo, Joshua Silver","doi":"10.1017/s1047759424000126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1047759424000126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>At Dura-Europos, homes were architecturally adapted across the late 2nd and 3rd c. CE by different religious groups to serve the needs of their communities. Although the Synagogue, Mithraeum, and Christian Building all began as domestic structures and share a similar architectural development, the origins of the latter have received unique attention through its classification as a <span>domus ecclesiae</span> or house church. This (hyper)focus on the structure's past use as a house does not do full justice to the archaeology of the building. Through an analysis of architectural adaptations, including before-and-after 3D reconstructions and daylight simulations, the authors show how the renovations significantly differentiated the Christian Building from its domestic antecedent and from Dura's houses more broadly. This approach is meant to shift attention away from more generalized, translocal, evolutionary models of Christian architectural development to micro-level archaeological analysis that situates structures within the spatial vernacular of their local contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":45533,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Roman Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141941998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Down the drain: reconstructing social practice from the content of two sewers in a Late Antique bathhouse in Jerash, Jordan 下水道：从约旦杰拉什一个晚期古代澡堂的两个下水道内容重建社会实践
IF 0.7 2区 历史学
Journal of Roman Archaeology Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1017/s104775942400014x
Louise Blanke, Pernille Bangsgaard, Stephen McPhillips, Raffaella Pappalardo, Tim Penn
{"title":"Down the drain: reconstructing social practice from the content of two sewers in a Late Antique bathhouse in Jerash, Jordan","authors":"Louise Blanke, Pernille Bangsgaard, Stephen McPhillips, Raffaella Pappalardo, Tim Penn","doi":"10.1017/s104775942400014x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s104775942400014x","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution examines social practices in the Central Bathhouse in Jerash in Late Antiquity based on the ceramic assemblage, vessel glass, faunal remains, and small finds retrieved from two sections of the bathhouse's sewer. We argue that although the bathhouse underwent significant architectural alterations from its construction in the 4th c. CE to its abandonment in the late 7th, the activities taking place inside the building remained largely the same. Our study shows that even towards the end of the bathhouse's lifespan, bodily grooming remained integral to the bathing experience, while food and drink were consumed on the premises even though the bathing facilities had been reduced to a bare minimum. The faunal remains indicate the type of food consumed, while the small finds illustrate a lively environment where gaming and gambling took place in a social space frequented by men, women, and children.","PeriodicalId":45533,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Roman Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141505108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the inside looking out: gendered space and virtuous femininity in the Pompeian house 从内向外看：庞培宅邸中的性别空间与贤淑的女性气质
IF 0.7 2区 历史学
Journal of Roman Archaeology Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1017/s1047759424000138
Kristina Milnor
{"title":"On the inside looking out: gendered space and virtuous femininity in the Pompeian house","authors":"Kristina Milnor","doi":"10.1017/s1047759424000138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1047759424000138","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the question of how to find “women's space” in the Roman house by looking at a painting of the myth of Pero and Mycon in a small cubiculum off the atrium of Pompeii's House of Marcus Lucretius Fronto. It argues that the combination of the image with an ecphrastic poem functions to draw viewers into the enclosed room, so that they experience the painting from a position of interiority. This echoes the interiority which is thematized in the myth and presented as an important aspect of the virtuous femininity it celebrates. By communicating gendered meaning through both images of place and the viewer's physical experience, the painting offers a way of understanding women's space as simultaneously material and representational.","PeriodicalId":45533,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Roman Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Un gruppo di materiali architettonici in stucco e la più antica basilica di Tusculum 一组灰泥建筑材料和图斯库伦最古老的大教堂
IF 0.7 2区 历史学
Journal of Roman Archaeology Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1017/s1047759424000096
Francesco De Stefano, A. Pizzo
{"title":"Un gruppo di materiali architettonici in stucco e la più antica basilica di Tusculum","authors":"Francesco De Stefano, A. Pizzo","doi":"10.1017/s1047759424000096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1047759424000096","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Tra il 2019 e il 2022 un nuovo programma di ricerche nell'area monumentale di Tusculum è stato dedicato all'indagine del versante sud-orientale della piazza forense, occupato dalla basilica di epoca imperiale e da un edificio la cui interpretazione è da lungo tempo incerta. Le indagini archeologiche hanno consentito di acquisire dati di rilevante interesse ai fini della ricostruzione delle fasi di occupazione di questo settore della città e sulla successione dei monumenti che qui furono edificati nel corso del tempo. Tra le scoperte effettuate spicca un gruppo di frammenti pertinenti a un apparato architettonico in stucco policromo caratterizzato dalla presenza di capitelli corinzieggianti di tipo figurato. Lo stato di conservazione e le caratteristiche tecniche e stilistiche di tali materiali, consentono di sviluppare alcune riflessioni sul contesto monumentale cui essi appartenevano e l'orizzonte storico-culturale entro il quale questo sistema decorativo venne realizzato. In questo contributo, dunque, proponiamo un'analisi tecnica e stilistico-formale di questi reperti, un tentativo di ricomposizione dello schema architettonico che essi componevano e un'ipotesi di attribuzione di quest'ultimo a uno degli edifici più dibattuti del foro tuscolano, il cosiddetto “Edificio porticato”. L'esame del contesto stratigrafico di provenienza dei reperti e la ricomposizione dell'impianto del monumento sulla base dei dati archeologici aprono nuove prospettive per la conoscenza della più antica basilica tuscolana.","PeriodicalId":45533,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Roman Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Before the Dressel 20: pottery workshops and olive oil amphorae of the Guadalquivir valley between the Late Republic and Augustan-Tiberian times 德雷斯勒 20 世之前：共和国晚期至奥古斯都-太古时代瓜达尔基维尔河谷的制陶作坊和橄榄油长颈瓶
IF 0.7 2区 历史学
Journal of Roman Archaeology Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1017/s1047759424000023
Horacio González Cesteros, Enrique García Vargas, Iván González Tobar, Piero Berni Millet, Rui Roberto de Almeida
{"title":"Before the Dressel 20: pottery workshops and olive oil amphorae of the Guadalquivir valley between the Late Republic and Augustan-Tiberian times","authors":"Horacio González Cesteros, Enrique García Vargas, Iván González Tobar, Piero Berni Millet, Rui Roberto de Almeida","doi":"10.1017/s1047759424000023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1047759424000023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Baetican Dressel 20 is probably the most widely diffused amphora of the Roman period, found in large quantities throughout all the Roman and nearby territories. It is the most powerful evidence of the importance of the olive oil trade for Roman society and of olive oil's extraordinary production in the Baetican countryside. This wide diffusion of the amphora and, in some ways, its ubiquity at many archaeological sites, have hindered the study of the early stages of Baetican olive oil production and diffusion. The protagonists were not these spherical containers, commonly stamped up until the late 3rd c. CE, but previous models that evolved rapidly after their origins in Late Republican times. In this paper, we aim to analyze not only the formal characteristics and evolution of these peculiar and still unstandardized containers, but also other aspects linked to their production, as well as the scope of their diffusion.","PeriodicalId":45533,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Roman Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141117854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
La societas Sisaponensis, los lingotes de Doña Rama-Belmez y la explotación minera de los montes de Corduba 西萨珀斯协会、多纳拉马-贝尔梅兹金锭和科尔杜巴山脉矿业
IF 0.7 2区 历史学
Journal of Roman Archaeology Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1017/s1047759424000035
Antonio Monterroso-Checa, Claude Domergue, Christian Rico, Mar Zarzalejos-Prieto, Fernando Palero-Fernández, Sabine Klein, Isabel María García-Magdaleno, Pier Renato Trincherini, Massimo Gasparini, Francesca Marchegiani, Juan Carlos Moreno-Escribano, Stefano Nisi, José Rafael Ruiz-Arrebola
{"title":"La societas Sisaponensis, los lingotes de Doña Rama-Belmez y la explotación minera de los montes de Corduba","authors":"Antonio Monterroso-Checa, Claude Domergue, Christian Rico, Mar Zarzalejos-Prieto, Fernando Palero-Fernández, Sabine Klein, Isabel María García-Magdaleno, Pier Renato Trincherini, Massimo Gasparini, Francesca Marchegiani, Juan Carlos Moreno-Escribano, Stefano Nisi, José Rafael Ruiz-Arrebola","doi":"10.1017/s1047759424000035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1047759424000035","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen El objetivo principal de este trabajo es presentar importantes novedades sobre el marco histórico y productivo de la explotación minera de la sierra de <jats:italic>Corduba</jats:italic> en época romana, así como de la gestión de sus recursos. Desde hace años y a partir de la documentación epigráfica disponible, se ha venido apuntando una posible presencia en este territorio de la <jats:italic>societas Sisaponensis</jats:italic> y de la explotación de plomo y plata por su parte, a pesar de la afamada vinculación con el beneficio del cinabrio que recoge un conocido pasaje de Plinio. Nuestras investigaciones en el norte de Córdoba y los análisis arqueométricos realizados sobre tres lingotes de plomo recuperados en el paraje de Los Escoriales de Doña Rama, situado en la Sierra de Gata (Belmez-Córdoba), suponen una superación de la frontera del conocimiento sobre los aspectos reseñados, ya que permiten contrastar estas dos hipótesis tradicionales y proponer nuevas cuestiones sobre la explotación de estos parajes y la actividad de esta <jats:italic>societas</jats:italic>. Estos lingotes fueron encontrados en una instalación minero-metalúrgica romana, algo que es excepcional, y conservan una inscripción, S S, que los vincula sin duda con la <jats:italic>societas Sisaponensis.</jats:italic>","PeriodicalId":45533,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Roman Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140833464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Roman-period trade in ceramic building materials on the Levantine Mediterranean coast: evidence from a farmstead site near Ashqelon/Ascalon, Israel 罗马时期地中海沿岸的陶瓷建筑材料贸易：以色列阿什凯隆/阿斯卡隆附近一处农庄遗址的证据
IF 0.7 2区 历史学
Journal of Roman Archaeology Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1017/s1047759424000102
Anat Cohen-Weinberger, Nir-Shimshon Paran, Itamar Taxel
{"title":"Roman-period trade in ceramic building materials on the Levantine Mediterranean coast: evidence from a farmstead site near Ashqelon/Ascalon, Israel","authors":"Anat Cohen-Weinberger, Nir-Shimshon Paran, Itamar Taxel","doi":"10.1017/s1047759424000102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1047759424000102","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The production and distribution of ceramic building materials (CBM) in the Roman period have long attracted the attention of archaeologists, as they provide clues to aspects of trade, identity, and technological and architectural traditions. However, there has been a notable scarcity of studies focusing on plain CBM in the southern Levant, particularly in the Mediterranean coastal region. This study concentrates on CBM (bricks, tubuli, drainage pipes, and roof tiles) from a Roman-period wealthy farmstead (Khirbat Khaur el-Bak) near the city of Ashqelon/Ascalon, apparently owned by a serving member of the military or a veteran. The petrographic analyses indicate that apart from the locally produced drainage pipes, the CBM were imported from overseas, namely Cilicia and Beirut. The results shed light on CBM trade in the Eastern Mediterranean, and on the complex nature of the population and material life in and around Roman Ashqelon, which included local and foreign elements.</p>","PeriodicalId":45533,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Roman Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140833460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Muse of Zenon: from Syracuse to the Museum of Guadalajara 泽农的缪斯：从锡拉库萨到瓜达拉哈拉博物馆
IF 0.7 2区 历史学
Journal of Roman Archaeology Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/s1047759424000060
Julia Lenaghan, Patrick Lenaghan
{"title":"The Muse of Zenon: from Syracuse to the Museum of Guadalajara","authors":"Julia Lenaghan, Patrick Lenaghan","doi":"10.1017/s1047759424000060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1047759424000060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article traces a statue, which Zenon of Aphrodisias carved, from Syracuse to its discovery at the Palace of Cogolludo in 2007. The study of this statue of the Muse Euterpe broadly demonstrates the appreciation for a figure from the classical world to Early Modern Europe and focuses attention on two understudied moments in the history of sculpture. It shows that Zenon carved the figure in the 4th c. CE, and its story reveals new connections between sculptors of Aphrodisias and specific patrons of the period. The statue's subsequent history attests to the high regard for ancient art and epigraphy in the Iberian Peninsula in 1500–1700. Since the statue probably belonged to Luis de la Cerda, ninth Duke of Medinaceli, it draws attention to a remarkable patron and a neglected aspect of Spanish cultural history.</p>","PeriodicalId":45533,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Roman Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140811933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Back to Anemurium in Rough Cilicia: Revisiting Legacy Data - J. RUSSELL 2021. The Canadian Excavations at Anemurium in Cilicia. Archéologie et histoire romaine 45. Toulouse: Éditions Mergoil. Pp. 155. ISBN 978-2-35518-117-7. 回到粗糙的西里西亚的阿内穆里姆：重新审视遗留数据 - J. RUSSELL 2021.加拿大在西里西亚阿内穆里姆的发掘。Archéologie et histoire romaine 45.图卢兹：Éditions Mergoil.Pp.155.ISBN 978-2-35518-117-7。
IF 0.7 2区 历史学
Journal of Roman Archaeology Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1017/s1047759424000072
G. Varinlioǧlu
{"title":"Back to Anemurium in Rough Cilicia: Revisiting Legacy Data - J. RUSSELL 2021. The Canadian Excavations at Anemurium in Cilicia. Archéologie et histoire romaine 45. Toulouse: Éditions Mergoil. Pp. 155. ISBN 978-2-35518-117-7.","authors":"G. Varinlioǧlu","doi":"10.1017/s1047759424000072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1047759424000072","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45533,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Roman Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140689747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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