{"title":"Effects of Shareholdings on the Relationship between Accounting Quality and Trade Credit: Evidence from Japan","authors":"M. Enomoto","doi":"10.2308/jiar-2021-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jiar-2021-111","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study investigates the effects of cross- and stable shareholdings on the relationship between accounting quality and trade credit in Japan. Cross- and stable shareholdings are well-known features of Japanese corporate governance, as a private information-sharing system. The results indicate that the trade credit of customers without either cross- or stable shareholdings increases with accounting quality, and in most cases, such shareholdings weaken the relationship between accounting quality and trade credit. These findings suggest that close ties to cross- and stable shareholders reduce the importance of accounting information through sharing private information. The findings will enhance the understanding of ownership structure’s potential impact. Overall, this study contributes to the literature by demonstrating the role of accounting quality in financing and the factors that reduce this role. In addition, this study highlights policy implications for the regulatory initiatives to unwind cross-shareholdings, which may affect private information sharing.\u0000 Data Availability: Data are available from sources indicated in the text.\u0000 JEL Classifications: G34; M41.","PeriodicalId":45457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140761084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Study of Diversity and Performance in Internal Audit Teams: Insights from Chief Audit Executives","authors":"Annika Bonrath, Marc Eulerich","doi":"10.2308/jiar-2023-019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jiar-2023-019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Given heterogeneous findings on how diversity impacts performance, we investigate diversity in internal audit teams. Using responses from 302 chief audit executives, we analyze demographic and cognitive diversity’s effects on perceived internal audit performance. Our metrics go beyond gender diversity to include nationality and education. National diversity gains importance with the increasing internationalization of companies and the global focus of internal auditing. Our findings highlight that gender diversity is conducive to team performance, whereas a skewed gender composition may impede it. We find that national and educational diversity might enhance perceived performance. However, our results indicate that in certain configurations, such as gender-uniform groups, perceived performance may be higher, revealing a complex relation between our measures for diversity and perceived performance. Our findings reveal diversity may induce biases to exclude minority groups, such that teams do not integrate additional perspectives to improve decision-making and offset the expected benefits of diversity.\u0000 Data Availability: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the authors upon request.","PeriodicalId":45457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140770580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Do Short Sellers Target Firms with High Climate Risks? International Evidence","authors":"Haiyan Jiang, Le Luo","doi":"10.2308/jiar-2022-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jiar-2022-006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Using an international sample of firms from 36 countries over the period 2002 to 2018, we investigate whether short sellers take firms’ climate risk into consideration when making investment decisions. Our empirical results show that short sellers increase their short-selling interest in firms with high carbon emission intensity but shun good carbon performers. Furthermore, the effect of climate risk on short-selling interest is more pronounced for firms operating in countries or regions that have adopted an emission trading scheme (ETS) as well as in countries characterized by higher regulatory quality and greater media pressure. We also document that short sellers in countries with stringent carbon regulations, higher environmental awareness, and superior environmental performance are more sensitive to climate risk. Our channel analyses highlight that stock overvaluation and an opaque information environment are two potential motives for short-selling interest in carbon-risky firms.","PeriodicalId":45457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140267939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does Integrated Report Quality Matter for Supplier Financing?","authors":"S. Bose, Amir Hossain","doi":"10.2308/jiar-2022-049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jiar-2022-049","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study examines the relationship between integrated report quality (IRQ) and supplier financing using 603 firm-year observations from firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) between 2011 and 2021. We find that IRQ has a positive association with supplier financing, indicating that firms with higher IRQ are more likely to attract increased supplier finance. This positive IRQ-supplier financing relationship is further intensified by lower information asymmetry, implying that firms’ information environment plays a pivotal role. Mediation analysis indicates that information asymmetry and creditworthiness serve as underlying channels through which IRQ affects supplier financing. The IRQ-supplier financing interaction is also found to increase firms’ value. The study’s findings are crucial for stakeholders, such as report preparers, regulators, policymakers, the IIRC, IASB, ISSB, and JSE. These findings highlight IRQ’s importance in enhancing supplier finance and indicate further steps to enhance IRQ for fostering financial stability and sustainable development worldwide.\u0000 Data Availability: All data are publicly available from the sources mentioned in the paper.\u0000 JEL Classifications: G32; M41; M42.","PeriodicalId":45457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140269815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial Policy","authors":"","doi":"10.2308/1542-6297-23.3.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/1542-6297-23.3.225","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140456723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What’s in It for Me? CEOs’ Rent-Seeking Motivations and Corporate Social Responsibility Decisions","authors":"Wenjing Li, K. Lin, Joseph H. Zhang, Manni Zheng","doi":"10.2308/jiar-2023-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jiar-2023-027","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Prior research has argued that companies in transition economies engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities to achieve political goals, such as building connections with the government. However, it is unclear why chief executive officers (CEOs) agree to make these politically driven CSR decisions that mainly benefit the controlling shareholders. We show that controlling shareholders may “bribe” the CEOs with greater compensation or perks—a form of economic rents extracted by the CEOs—to make CSR decisions, and such a pattern is more salient in local government-owned companies. We reason that these CSR activities reflect implicit contracting between the controlling shareholders and the CEOs. Through cross-section analyses, we find that the CEO’s economic rents vary with local government fiscal needs, the firm’s governance structure, and CEO power. Furthermore, we demonstrate that increases in CSR-linked compensation lead to a decline in shareholder value.\u0000 Data Availability: All data are available from public databases identified in the paper.\u0000 JEL Classifications: D72; M12; P26.","PeriodicalId":45457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139880338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What’s in It for Me? CEOs’ Rent-Seeking Motivations and Corporate Social Responsibility Decisions","authors":"Wenjing Li, K. Lin, Joseph H. Zhang, Manni Zheng","doi":"10.2308/jiar-2023-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jiar-2023-027","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Prior research has argued that companies in transition economies engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities to achieve political goals, such as building connections with the government. However, it is unclear why chief executive officers (CEOs) agree to make these politically driven CSR decisions that mainly benefit the controlling shareholders. We show that controlling shareholders may “bribe” the CEOs with greater compensation or perks—a form of economic rents extracted by the CEOs—to make CSR decisions, and such a pattern is more salient in local government-owned companies. We reason that these CSR activities reflect implicit contracting between the controlling shareholders and the CEOs. Through cross-section analyses, we find that the CEO’s economic rents vary with local government fiscal needs, the firm’s governance structure, and CEO power. Furthermore, we demonstrate that increases in CSR-linked compensation lead to a decline in shareholder value.\u0000 Data Availability: All data are available from public databases identified in the paper.\u0000 JEL Classifications: D72; M12; P26.","PeriodicalId":45457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139820634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Covers and Front Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.2308/1542-6297-23.1.i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/1542-6297-23.1.i","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PCAOB International Inspections and the Market Value of Cash Holdings","authors":"Yiye Liu, Yangxin Yu, Xindong Zhu","doi":"10.2308/jiar-2022-047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jiar-2022-047","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study examines whether and how Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) international inspections mitigate the market value discount in cash holdings. We find that shareholders value internal cash holdings more highly for the non-U.S.-listed clients of inspected auditors after the public disclosure of the auditors’ inspection reports. We show that the decreased agency frictions and the increased financial reporting credibility are potential mechanisms. Further, we find that the effect of PCAOB international inspections on the market value of cash holdings is stronger in countries with weaker legal institutions and less sound information environment. Since investors’ valuation of cash mirrors how they expect the cash to be used, our results suggest a unique role of PCAOB oversight in mitigating unresolved agency problems and safeguarding corporate resources, thereby lessening investors’ markdowns of cash assets. Our findings help identify the real economic impacts of PCAOB oversight in enhancing global stock market confidence.\u0000 Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.\u0000 JEL Classifications: G34; M42; M48.","PeriodicalId":45457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139633438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cross-Border Regulatory Cooperation and Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","authors":"X. Chen, Le Luo, Albert Tsang","doi":"10.2308/jiar-2022-041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jiar-2022-041","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study investigates the impact of the SEC’s regulatory cooperation and enforcement on the corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting practices of U.S.-listed foreign firms using a country’s Multilateral Memorandum of Understanding (MMoU) signing as a catalyst. The MMoU, a cooperative agreement among global securities regulators, enhances the SEC’s ability to engage in cross-border enforcement actions in collaboration with foreign counterparts. Our findings reveal a significant enhancement in both the quantity and quality of CSR reporting among U.S.-listed foreign firms after their home country signs the MMoU. This improvement sets them apart from their non-U.S.-listed counterparts in the same foreign location. Notably, this positive change is more pronounced among foreign firms from signatory countries with weak country-level institutions. This study contributes to the understanding of how regulatory changes, specifically MMoU adoption, influence CSR reporting, emphasizing the strategic role it plays for firms in the face of heightened regulatory cooperation and enforcement.\u0000 Data Availability: Data subject to third-party restrictions.\u0000 JEL Classifications: M41; G18; P48; G32.","PeriodicalId":45457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139455980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}