Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Reliability of region of interest calculations in the right atrium on post-mortem CT","authors":"Linda Kelly , Tom Sutherland , Matthew Dimmock , Linda Iles , Chris O’Donnell","doi":"10.1016/j.jofri.2018.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jofri.2018.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45371,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jofri.2018.01.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49204271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normal variant mimicking a depressed skull fracture","authors":"Cheryl Main,&nbsp;Joanna J. Fairhurst","doi":"10.1016/j.jofri.2018.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jofri.2018.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Inca bones are a recognised anatomical variant of the interparietal part of the occipital bone. They can be variable in appearance and along with other normal variants and artefacts, can be mistaken for </span>skull fractures<span><span>. A knowledge of anatomical variants which may mimic injury is important especially in the setting of post mortem examinations and cases of suspected non-accidental injury. This case report reviews a post mortem </span>skeletal survey and CT head examination in an infant who presented with sudden and unexplained death. An unusually large, and depressed abnormality of the skull was found with a differential diagnosis of an unexplained, depressed skull fracture or an unusual variant of an Inca bone. The imaging and post-mortem findings are reviewed.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":45371,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jofri.2018.02.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47505887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Forensic 3D documentation of bodies: simple and fast procedure for combining CT scanning with external photogrammetry data. [Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging (2017) 47–51]","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jofri.2017.11.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jofri.2017.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45371,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jofri.2017.11.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136918347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-mortem diffusion MRI of the cervical spine and its nerve roots","authors":"Wieke Haakma ,&nbsp;Martijn Froeling ,&nbsp;Michael Pedersen ,&nbsp;Lars Uhrenholt ,&nbsp;Perla Douven ,&nbsp;Alexander Leemans ,&nbsp;Lene Warner Thorup Boel","doi":"10.1016/j.jofri.2018.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jofri.2018.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The aim of this work is to examine the architectural configuration and the microstructural substrate of the cervical spine and its nerve roots with post-mortem (PM) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in non-fixed subjects and to compare these findings with histology.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were acquired on a 1.5 T MRI scanner in five non-fixed non-trauma deaths. Two different areas were evaluated: 1) <em>the cervical spinal cord and ventral and dorsal nerve roots</em> with a “high in-plane” DTI and a multi-echo fast field echo protocol, and 2) <span><em>the cervical </em><em>peripheral nerves</em></span> with an “isotropic” DTI and a 3D turbo spin echo protocol. Histology samples were obtained matching the anatomical level of the slices of the ‘high in-plane’ DTI protocol.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We were able to show detailed reconstructions of the dorsal and ventral nerve roots with the ‘high in-plane’ protocol and identified a low fractional anisotropy<span> (FA = 0.30 ± 0.08) in the grey matter and a high FA (0.51 ± 0.13) in the white matter. Both grey and white matter configurations correlated with the anatomical MRI, the diffusion MRI, and with the histological sections. Using the ‘isotropic’ DTI protocol, it was feasible to reconstruct the spinal cord, cervical nerves, and nerve roots in all PM subjects.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We were able to generate detailed architectural configurations of the ventral and dorsal nerve roots. Anatomical and diffusion MR scans showed good qualitative agreement with histology. We believe that PMDTI will be helpful in the assessment of head and neck injuries in a forensic setting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45371,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jofri.2018.02.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47752020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forensic 3D documentation of bodies: Simple and fast procedure for combining CT scanning with external photogrammetry data","authors":"Chiara Villa,&nbsp;Mitchell J. Flies,&nbsp;Christina Jacobsen","doi":"10.1016/j.jofri.2017.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jofri.2017.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents a procedure for combining 3D models obtained from CT scanning (internal and external data) and photogrammetry (external data). 3D data were acquired at different times, without the support of reference points. The procedure has been tested on 30 injured areas caused by different wounding mechanisms. The alignment of the different 3D models was in most of the cases very precisely (mean distance around 1<!--> <!-->mm, SD around or lower than 2<!--> <!-->mm). Ad hoc procedures should be followed in case of injuries on the head, joints and back.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45371,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jofri.2017.11.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44712998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aims and scope/Editorial board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2212-4780(17)30094-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-4780(17)30094-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45371,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S2212-4780(17)30094-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137125841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public awareness of the use of clinical CT machines for postmortems","authors":"Hiroshi Ikegaya,&nbsp;Stuart McLean,&nbsp;Tsunakuni Ikka,&nbsp;Yasuhiko Kakiuchi,&nbsp;Nozomi Idota","doi":"10.1016/j.jofri.2017.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jofri.2017.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Japan has one-third of the world's CT machines and the highest number of CT devices per million population. The lack of medical examiners to meet the needs of Japanese police authorities has therefore led to requests that CT scanners be used for both clinical and postmortem examination. However, hospitals believe that patients might feel uncomfortable with this dual use, so they usually advocate performing postmortem cases at night and not informing patients of the dual use of CT scanners. In this study, we investigated people's thoughts about the dual use of CT scanners.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this internet-based questionnaire study, we wanted to understand public opinion about postmortem CT imaging. Specifically, we sought the opinions of the general public about the Japanese death investigation system and the use of CT machines for both the living and the dead.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>More than 70% of respondents wanted postmortem examinations to identify the cause of death, but only 34% were aware that CT was used for this purpose. Moreover, only 13% knew that postmortem CTs were performed at general hospitals using CT machines that are also used for patients, and 51.6% thought that hospitals should inform patients that CT machines are also used for postmortem examinations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>There are no rules for the use of the clinical CT machines for postmortem examination in Japan. However, we identified that half of our respondents wanted to be informed that hospitals use CT scanners to examine both the living and the dead.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45371,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jofri.2017.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42254499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing radiological images of human cadavers: Is there an effect of different embalming solutions?","authors":"Joy Y. Balta ,&nbsp;Maria Twomey ,&nbsp;Fiachra Moloney ,&nbsp;Owen J. O’Connor ,&nbsp;Kevin P. Murphy ,&nbsp;Michael Cronin ,&nbsp;John F. Cryan ,&nbsp;Michael M. Maher ,&nbsp;Siobhain M. O’Mahony","doi":"10.1016/j.jofri.2017.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jofri.2017.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of different embalming solutions including formalin, Genelyn, Thiel and Imperial College London- Soft Preserving solutions on the quality of radiological images taken from cadavers embalmed with the above mentioned techniques.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Two cadavers per embalming technique were imaged pre and post-embalming using three different imaging modalities including ultrasound, plain radiography and computed tomography (CT). Imaging criteria and a qualitative grading system for each imaging modality were adapted from the European Guidelines on Quality Criteria for Computed Tomography, the European Guidelines on Quality Criteria for Diagnostic Radiographic Images, and according to the AIUM Practice Guideline for the performance of ultrasound. Qualitative analysis was performed independently by three readers on a Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). The readers were blinded to both the embalmment status and the embalming agent used to preclude bias.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>On comparison of images pre and post-embalming, brain CT images showed a significant deterioration in image quality post-embalming, while there was no significant change in chest and abdomen/pelvic images and some improvement was observed in Genelyn embalmed cadavers. No changes were observed when using ultrasound to image the spleen and aorta, while a significant improvement in image quality was observed when examining the kidney in all embalmed cadavers with a small improvement when imaging the liver. No significant difference was observed on plain radiography post-embalming, while a minor deterioration was observed mainly in the chest area.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Different embalming techniques had varying effects on image quality, in human cadavers, with the range of imaging modalities investigated in this study. Thus, no ideal embalming solution was identified, which would improve the quality of images on all imaging modalities. Further research is required to compare the quality of radiological images at different stages of decomposition taking into consideration antemortal pathologies with a larger number of donors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45371,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jofri.2017.08.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43018643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adult stature estimation from radiographically determined metatarsal length in Egyptian population","authors":"Mahrous A. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Azza H. Elelemi ,&nbsp;Mostafa S. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Altaf H. Bandy","doi":"10.1016/j.jofri.2017.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jofri.2017.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Estimation of the stature might be critical in the identification of skeletal remains. Usually, the small bones found among human remains are not only the most numerous, but also the best-preserved parts.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The primary aim of this work is to determine whether metatarsals can be used for the estimation of adult stature in an Egyptian population using radiologically determined metatarsal lengths and to propose regression equations and test the formulae for determining adult stature.</p></div><div><h3>Subjects and methods</h3><p>The 1st and 2nd metatarsals of the left foot of the 220 healthy adult participants were assessed by plain X-ray in a dorso-plantar position utilizing a digital radiography machine commonly used in hospitals. The measurements were obtained by default program on console of the machine that offers manipulation and measurements on the obtained images.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study clearly illustrated that the 1st metatarsal maximum length (M1) in males was the most noteworthy correlation with the true stature. The derived regression equation is as per the following: S = 851.52 + 12.26 M1, R = 0.8904 M1. Our findings in the current study were more accurate when comparing our study statistical findings with the results of other population groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>the regression equations for stature estimation obtained in our study may be utilized for the identification of stature of skeletons among adult Egyptians from medicolegal point of view.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45371,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jofri.2017.10.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44546016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A digital method of measuring the gonial angle on radiographs for forensic age estimation","authors":"Ashith B. Acharya","doi":"10.1016/j.jofri.2017.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jofri.2017.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Age estimation has important legal ramifications and assessing it, particularly in living adults, can prove challenging on occasion. This paper explores the use of gonial angle in age estimation, applying a new digital method which may be suitable in elderly subjects when many/all teeth are missing.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A commercially available and ubiquitous software was used to measure the gonial angle on digital orthopantomographs from 100 subjects (48 males and 52 females; age range 18–89 years) which was subjected to linear regression analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The correlation coefficient for the gonial angle on the right side (<em>r</em> = 0.25) was greater than that for the left side (<em>r</em> = 0.23). Both correlations were statistically significant (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The regression equations derived were tested on a holdout sample (<em>n</em> = 17; age range 21–71 years) and revealed a mean absolute difference of approximately ± 14 years for the two regression equations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Although the gonial angle may not consistently change with an increase in chronologic age, the digital method proposed here may be one of few options available for use in the elderly with minimal or no teeth seeking retirement benefits, and may be applied as a method of last resort in geriatric age prediction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45371,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jofri.2017.09.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44395406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}