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Integrity Fees in Sports Betting Markets. 体育博彩市场的诚信费。
IF 1.1
Eastern Economic Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-04 DOI: 10.1057/s41302-020-00179-z
Craig A Depken, John M Gandar
{"title":"Integrity Fees in Sports Betting Markets.","authors":"Craig A Depken,&nbsp;John M Gandar","doi":"10.1057/s41302-020-00179-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41302-020-00179-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sports leagues have requested state legislatures to pass so-called integrity fees or taxes on the entire amount bet on their games, ostensibly to provide resources to protect against game fixing and other corrupt behavior. These fees might just augment league revenues. Integrity fees have different consequences if they are placed on a sports book's handle or hold. We model one possible consequence of an integrity fee placed on the handle, that sports books might be motivated to avoid pushes, after which they have no hold but face a tax liability. One approach moves to half-point lines which eliminate pushes but might be second best in terms of betting market efficiency. As a case study, we describe the characteristics of recent betting lines in four North American sports. Based on predicted pushes, actual pushes, half-point lines, and the intertemporal correlation between the annual number of pushes and the annual number of half-point lines, it appears that sports books already actively set lines that avoid pushes and could easily adjust to half-point lines motivated by integrity fees.</p>","PeriodicalId":45363,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Economic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7780071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38803547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Assessing the Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Emerging Market Economies' (EMEs) Sovereign Bond Risk Premium and Fiscal Solvency. 评估 Covid-19 大流行病对新兴市场经济体（EMEs）主权债券风险溢价和财政偿付能力的影响。
IF 1.1
Eastern Economic Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.1057/s41302-021-00201-y
Menna Bizuneh, Menelik Geremew
{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Emerging Market Economies' (EMEs) Sovereign Bond Risk Premium and Fiscal Solvency.","authors":"Menna Bizuneh, Menelik Geremew","doi":"10.1057/s41302-021-00201-y","DOIUrl":"10.1057/s41302-021-00201-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current globalized economic environment has made Emerging Market Economies (EMEs) highly exposed to global economic shocks. During the Covid-19 pandemic, EMEs have been facing increased health costs and heightened demand for fiscal stimulus. In addition, most EMEs experienced currency depreciation, reversal in capital flow, decrease in global demand and significant decline in domestic revenue, leading to a potential increase in sovereign bond risk premiums (SRP). Using dynamic panel estimations and focusing on 12 countries, we find that the Covid-19 pandemic impacts SRP primarily through GDP growth and political stability indicators. In addition, we find the real exchange rate and net export to GDP ratio have a statistically significant impact on sovereign bond risk premium.</p>","PeriodicalId":45363,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Economic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8436197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39429096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
General Theorizing and Historical Specificity in the 'Keynes Versus the Classics' Dispute. “凯恩斯与经典”之争中的一般理论化与历史特殊性。
IF 1.1
Eastern Economic Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-10-06 DOI: 10.1057/s41302-020-00177-1
Teodoro Dario Togati
{"title":"General Theorizing and Historical Specificity in the 'Keynes Versus the Classics' Dispute.","authors":"Teodoro Dario Togati","doi":"10.1057/s41302-020-00177-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41302-020-00177-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper addresses the issues of general theorizing and historical specificity in the 'Keynes versus the Classics' dispute and puts forward two main arguments. First, the current macroeconomic orthodoxy wins the 'relative' generality contest because it implies that institutions influence outcomes, such as the natural rate of unemployment, in contrast with Keynes's 'internalist' approach, which neglects historical specificity. Secondly, mainstream macro is not truly general in an 'absolute' sense since it only makes sense under very special real-world institutional conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45363,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Economic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1057/s41302-020-00177-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38476690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Do Governors Lead or Follow? Timing of Stay-at-Home Orders. 州长是领导还是跟随?居家命令的时间安排。
IF 1.1
Eastern Economic Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-21 DOI: 10.1057/s41302-021-00204-9
Bryan C McCannon
{"title":"Do Governors Lead or Follow? Timing of Stay-at-Home Orders.","authors":"Bryan C McCannon","doi":"10.1057/s41302-021-00204-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41302-021-00204-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>I investigate the timing of the Stay-at-Home orders. I use daily Google search data to track early interest in the novel Coronavirus pandemic. I ask whether governors responded to heightened concern (i.e., following) or if their decisions are independent of citizen sentiment (i.e., leading). I show that Stay-at-Home orders were initiated sooner in states that saw early, heightened in the virus. This suggests that governors follow voters' opinions, preferences, and sentiments. Exploring potential heterogeneous effects, there is not a difference in the size of this effect between Republican and Democrat governors, nor is there a difference between those up for re-election in 2020 and those not. I do find that governor responsiveness is related to the state's economic freedom and the governor's approval rating just before the pandemic. In a novel environment without precedence, governors in the USA set policy in accord with voter preferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":45363,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Economic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8453477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39473756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Politicizing the Mask: Political, Economic and Demographic Factors Affecting Mask Wearing Behavior in the USA. 面具政治化：影响美国面具佩戴行为的政治、经济和人口因素。
IF 1.1
Eastern Economic Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-05 DOI: 10.1057/s41302-020-00186-0
Leo H Kahane
{"title":"Politicizing the Mask: Political, Economic and Demographic Factors Affecting Mask Wearing Behavior in the USA.","authors":"Leo H Kahane","doi":"10.1057/s41302-020-00186-0","DOIUrl":"10.1057/s41302-020-00186-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper uses survey data at the county level to explore the factors determining mask-wearing behavior in the USA during the COVID-19 pandemic. Empirical results provide evidence that the tendency to wear a mask while in public is significantly lower in counties where then-candidate Donald Trump found strong support during the 2016 presidential election. In addition, states with mask-wearing mandates tend to witness greater mask-wearing behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":45363,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Economic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7783295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38801968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Study of the Effectiveness of Governmental Strategies for Managing Mortality from COVID-19. COVID-19死亡率管理政府策略有效性研究
IF 1.1
Eastern Economic Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1057/s41302-021-00202-x
William Clyde, Andreas Kakolyris, Georgios Koimisis
{"title":"A Study of the Effectiveness of Governmental Strategies for Managing Mortality from COVID-19.","authors":"William Clyde,&nbsp;Andreas Kakolyris,&nbsp;Georgios Koimisis","doi":"10.1057/s41302-021-00202-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41302-021-00202-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigate the effectiveness of seven government containment and policy closure interventions against the novel coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) pandemic in the OECD countries, at several different time horizons. Our results indicate that only school closings and public transportation closings have a persistently significant impact. Stay-at-home policies only show a significant impact after 70 days. Workplace closings, restrictions on the size of gatherings, and restrictions on internal travel show no significant impact on mortality rates. Moreover, stricter measures are not significantly associated with lower growth rates in mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":45363,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Economic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8409076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39387559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Education in Mathematics and the Spread of COVID-19. 数学教育与COVID-19的传播。
IF 1.1
Eastern Economic Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-03 DOI: 10.1057/s41302-021-00200-z
Joshua Ping Ang, Tim Murray
{"title":"Education in Mathematics and the Spread of COVID-19.","authors":"Joshua Ping Ang,&nbsp;Tim Murray","doi":"10.1057/s41302-021-00200-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41302-021-00200-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigate the effect of standardized mathematics scores for young adults on the number of COVID-19 cases in the USA. We find that a one-grade-level increase in test scores led to a decrease in COVID-19 cases 30, 60, and 90 days after the first case in each county. Our findings suggest that if states and localities implement policies that increase the level of education and comprehension of mathematics at the K-12 level, that people may be better prepared to find and interpret information in a future public health crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":45363,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Economic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8415200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39408071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Household Income, Pandemic-Related Income Loss, and the Probability of Anxiety and Depression. 家庭收入、与大流行相关的收入损失以及焦虑和抑郁的概率。
IF 1.1
Eastern Economic Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-30 DOI: 10.1057/s41302-021-00199-3
Julio Huato, Aida Chavez
{"title":"Household Income, Pandemic-Related Income Loss, and the Probability of Anxiety and Depression.","authors":"Julio Huato, Aida Chavez","doi":"10.1057/s41302-021-00199-3","DOIUrl":"10.1057/s41302-021-00199-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We use data from the Household Pulse Survey that the US Census Bureau conducted from April 2020 to February 2021 to estimate the probability of symptoms of anxiety and depression among adult Americans. Lack of viable instruments prevent ruling out exogeneity, but the magnitude and strength of association between mental disease and, both, 2019 household income and pandemic-related employment income loss warrant serious attention. Our results stress the importance of policy support to the socially vulnerable in an economic emergency, including cash transfers such as those offered by the 2020 CARES Act or the 2021 America Rescue Plan.</p>","PeriodicalId":45363,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Economic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8404538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39387558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do Disease Epidemics Stimulate or Repress Entrepreneurial Activity? 疾病流行会刺激还是抑制创业活动？
IF 1.1
Eastern Economic Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-03 DOI: 10.1057/s41302-021-00203-w
Aziz N Berdiev, James W Saunoris
{"title":"Do Disease Epidemics Stimulate or Repress Entrepreneurial Activity?","authors":"Aziz N Berdiev, James W Saunoris","doi":"10.1057/s41302-021-00203-w","DOIUrl":"10.1057/s41302-021-00203-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study addresses a unique angle by examining an under looked determinant of entrepreneurship related to disease epidemics. In times of natural disasters, such as disease epidemics, new demands emerge that might promote entrepreneurship. Using data on a large cross section of countries, we empirically test whether and to what extent the incidence and severity of disease epidemics affect the prevalence of entrepreneurship. The results show that both the occurrence and severity of epidemics spur entrepreneurial activity. These results highlight a potentially important role served by entrepreneurs in responding to biological disasters. Our findings withstand a series of robustness checks.</p>","PeriodicalId":45363,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Economic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8415191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39408070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unintended Consequences: Ambiguity Neglect and Policy Ineffectiveness. 意外后果：模糊忽略与政策无效。
IF 1.1
Eastern Economic Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1057/s41302-021-00187-7
Lorán Chollete, Sharon G Harrison
{"title":"Unintended Consequences: Ambiguity Neglect and Policy Ineffectiveness.","authors":"Lorán Chollete, Sharon G Harrison","doi":"10.1057/s41302-021-00187-7","DOIUrl":"10.1057/s41302-021-00187-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When a policymaker introduces a novel policy, she will not know what citizens' choices will be under the policy, and citizens themselves may have to construct new choice sets. This imparts inherent ambiguity to novel policy implementation: The policymaker does not know the probability that citizens will select actions that align with her policy. Assuming that citizens will follow a fixed approach may expose the policymaker to ambiguity neglect, which can result in <i>unintended consequences</i>. We provide examples and a simple formalization. Our results suggest that before implementing novel policies, policymakers should attempt to elicit preferences from citizens.</p>","PeriodicalId":45363,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Economic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7848876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10634952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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