Nationalism and Ethnic Politics最新文献

{"title":"Strategic Uses of Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict: Interest and Identity in Russia and the Post-Soviet Space,","authors":"John S. Cathcart","doi":"10.1080/13537113.2022.2136848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13537113.2022.2136848","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45342,"journal":{"name":"Nationalism and Ethnic Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77337062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enemies Within: The Global Politics of Fifth Columns","authors":"Y. Volkova","doi":"10.1080/13537113.2022.2136850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13537113.2022.2136850","url":null,"abstract":"ate a distinction between the Russian and Ukrainian identities, with the views of Vladimir Putin who in a speech quoted by Kolstø stated; “Ukrainians may like it or not, but we are one and the same people” (p.110). It is against this background Kolstø asserts that Ukrainian insistence on unique national identity must be understood (p.110). Given this perspective of hindsight, the latter half of the book addressing the events of 2014 provides the reader with an excellent analysis of how the inclusion of the Crimean peninsular into the Russian Federation set a precedent that many Russians anticipated to see replicated in Donbas. The Russian government’s subsequent inability to replicate the redrawing of national boundaries, led to anger and exasperation in nationalist circles. The Kremlin it seemed, was likely not in control of the situation, with the population of Donbas seemingly setting the pace of events, making it unclear whether the state had predicted the outbreak of conflict in east Ukraine (p.192). What developed, as he explains, was a situation where imperialist and ethnic nationalist frustration at the state, began to develop into more personal accusations, not necessarily levied at Putin himself but of those that surrounded him (p.202). Aleksandr Dugin as Kolstø refers, even talked of a “betrayal of national interests” on the social media platform VKontakte and suggested that there must be a “sixth column” in Putin’s ranks (p.205). This investigation into Crimea is significant as it is easy to draw parallels with similar reactions to failures in the February 2022 “special operation.” Already we can see elites beginning to apportion blame and the idea of a fifth (or sixth) column misleading the Kremlin has again reared its head in public discourse. Just as in the follow up to Crimean inclusion therefore there is the possibility that public unrest may appear not due to opposition to the “special operation” but due to its lack of progress. What Kolstø captures is that the Kremlin regime “might end up like the sorcerer’s apprentice, who knew how to make the broom fetch water – but not how to stop it” (p.216). The ideas underpinning this book are compelling therefore as they can be so easily transplanted to emerging situations, especially with events now moving rapidly in the post-Soviet sphere. With protests in Moldova and renewed fighting between Armenia and Azerbaijan, there is potential to develop on these ideas and concepts further on the tracks of nationalism in scholarship. This book is therefore a must read for anyone interested in the subject and it will be interesting to see Kolstø’s work moving forward in this highly volatile region.","PeriodicalId":45342,"journal":{"name":"Nationalism and Ethnic Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86656821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnic Composition and Democratic Values: A Global Investigation of Citizens’ Desire for Democracy, 1995–2014","authors":"Jostein Haseth, Marthe Holum, T. Jakobsen","doi":"10.1080/13537113.2022.2126107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13537113.2022.2126107","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There is a rich literature on public support for democracy. However, few have investigated the link between ethnic composition and citizens’ desire for democracy. In this study we investigate the relationship between ethnic fractionalization and democratic attitudes in 91 countries in the period 1995–2014. We test this on a measure of public desire for democracy. The main independent variables are a time-variant ethnic fractionalization index and an index of ethnic polarization, based on time-series data from the Composition of Religious Ethnic Groups project. We make use of hierarchical modeling combining country- and individual-level data in order to approach this gap in the research. The main finding is that homogeneous societies show the largest degree of desire for a democratic society within established democracies while increased fractionalization and especially increased polarization is associated with a smaller desire for democracy.","PeriodicalId":45342,"journal":{"name":"Nationalism and Ethnic Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83189264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing Diversity: Why Is Consociationalism Not an Optimal Solution for Pakistan?","authors":"Muhammad Mushtaq","doi":"10.1080/13537113.2022.2122685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13537113.2022.2122685","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This research seeks to enhance our understanding of consociationalism’s effectiveness in managing differences in plural societies by assessing its applicability to Pakistan. The primary objective of the paper is to determine whether consociationalism is the best solution for managing ethnic diversity in Pakistan. The article applies a mixed-methods approach and relies on secondary and primary sources. The study argues that the success of consociationalism appears uncertain in the face of intragroup party-based divisions, constant fluctuations in ethnoregional party support, the territorial nature of political grievances, and democratic instability in Pakistan. Equally, the lack of various favorable conditions for consociationalism in the case endangers its viability. In addition, the majority of all ethnolinguistic groups do not prefer consociational solutions to ethnic differences. This analysis suggests that consociationalism cannot be a one-size-fits-all solution because not all plural societies are compatible with this system. Therefore, consociationalism is not a universally viable option for all multiethnic societies, and its utility varies across cases.","PeriodicalId":45342,"journal":{"name":"Nationalism and Ethnic Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80758416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reserved Indigenous Seats and Electoral Turnout: Evidence from the Chilean Constitutional Convention","authors":"Ariel Becerra-Chávez, Mauricio Morales-Quiroga","doi":"10.1080/13537113.2022.2120947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13537113.2022.2120947","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Two hypotheses are common in the literature on the electoral turnout of Indigenous people. The first is that Indigenous people vote less given their disadvantaged socioeconomic conditions. The second is that Indigenous people vote more when the alternatives on offer are relevant to them. To evaluate both perspectives, we study the election of members of a constitutional convention responsible for drafting a new Constitution 2021. For this election, 155 seats were to be distributed, 17 of which were reserved for Chile’s 10 native peoples, to whom a special ballot paper was assigned. Of registered Indigenous voters, only 22.8% voted using the Indigenous ballot, while the overall turnout stood at 43.4%. We present three findings. First, the use of the Indigenous ballot was greater in those municipalities with a larger proportion of Indigenous people, which pointed to a strong territorial determination of turnout. Second, the electoral turnout of the 10 native peoples is highly uneven, with greater participation observed in people that are less numerous. Third, although the overall electoral turnout in a municipality was lower the greater the number of its Indigenous people, the opposite occurred in Araucanía, a region with the largest proportion of Indigenous population.","PeriodicalId":45342,"journal":{"name":"Nationalism and Ethnic Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86518260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Indifference, Legibility and Opportunism at the Dawn of Nation States: The Re-Shaping of Habsburg Trieste in the 1860s","authors":"Mario Maritan","doi":"10.1080/13537113.2022.2105131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13537113.2022.2105131","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The process of Italian unification between 1859 and 1866 triggered an increase in emigrations and renunciations of Austrian citizenship on the part of Triestines with origins in northern Italy. Petitioners explained to local authorities that their links with Trieste were merely due to commercial reasons. In applying for Piedmontese and, after 1861, Italian citizenship, the language these men used often denoted forms of national indifference, rather than fully-fledged Italian patriotism. The inconsistencies that primary sources reveal shed light on applicants’ opportunism, tied to national indifference and indeterminacy, and triggered by the recent national legibility introduced by regime change.","PeriodicalId":45342,"journal":{"name":"Nationalism and Ethnic Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90170879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-Communal Relations in the Context of a Sectarian Society: Communal Fear Spawns Everyday Practices and Coping Mechanisms among the Maronites of Lebanon","authors":"J. Helou, M. Mollica","doi":"10.1080/13537113.2022.2104603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13537113.2022.2104603","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper explores why the production of communal fear via demographic and political-economic factors can explain group behavior (here the Maronites of Lebanon) in diverse ethnic, religious and sectarian plural societies rather than a strict reliance on structural and instrumental explanations. It argues that communal fear, deeply entrenched in political, socioeconomic and anthropological interpretations of groups’ fertility rates, migration patterns, land ownership and shares of industry and agriculture inter alia, can explain Maronites’ everyday practices of preferring land purchases in certain (ethno-religiously defined-) areas, occupying specific jobs and dominating certain economic sectors. While we acknowledge the role of individual cognition—Lebanese citizens’ ability—in breaking away from the clutches of group thinking, we find that many pervasive political, economic and social factors reaffirm group solidarity in plural societies; thus rendering useful the concept of communal fear in explaining how members of groups adopt everyday practices to hedge against perceived risks.","PeriodicalId":45342,"journal":{"name":"Nationalism and Ethnic Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86310298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Political Consensus to Political Conflict and Back Again: Language Public Policy in Galicia (1989–2020)","authors":"Antonio Losada Trabada","doi":"10.1080/13537113.2022.2101185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13537113.2022.2101185","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Language public policy is a key issue in Galician politics. Its symbolic uses have proven to be a powerful political resource in partisan competition. This article analyzes the strategies of the three main Galician political parties to test three related hypotheses about how political competition and language public policy are linked: (i) adversary language public policy works as a valid strategy for opposition and electoral campaigning, but (ii) it becomes a major policy problem once in office, both for nationalist and non-nationalist parties, and (iii) advocating for careful balance between languages is the best political strategy for language public policy once in office. The Spanish and Galician right-wing party, Popular Party—PP/PPdeG—which was in office between 1989 and 2005, has strategically promoted language public policies based on an alleged equilibrium between the Spanish language—Castellano—and the Galician language—Galego—to gain nationalist conservative voters and to divide the nationalist political space. During this period, the nationalist—Bloque Nacionalista Galego (BNG)—and socialist—Partido dos Socialistas de Galicia (PSdeG/PSOE)—opposition have supported positive discrimination for the Galego language. Political change in 2005 switched their positions; PP stood for increasing protection for Castellano, while the new nationalist and left-wing government promoted a stronger status for Galego. PP’s return to office in 2009 has switched the positions again.","PeriodicalId":45342,"journal":{"name":"Nationalism and Ethnic Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85656541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The “Minh Hương” of Vietnam: A Perspective of the Change in Ethnic Identity of the Chinese Diaspora in Vietnam","authors":"Van Huy Duong","doi":"10.1080/13537113.2022.2090131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13537113.2022.2090131","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The major purpose of this paper is to analyze the integration phenomenon of the Chinese diaspora from the perspective of integration policies adopted by Vietnam’s regimes through the ages, which can also be referred to as “assimilation.” The “Minh Hương” are seen as the result of the Vietnamese authorities’ assimilation policy toward the Chinese diaspora in Vietnam and parts of the Chinese diaspora’s decision to integrate into the host society. Thereby, the problem of the “Minh Hương” in Vietnam has reflected the change in ethnic identity of the Chinese diaspora. Thus, the article aims to answer the main research question: how have the Minh Hương expressed their ethnic identity throughout history?","PeriodicalId":45342,"journal":{"name":"Nationalism and Ethnic Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72866493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black Garden Aflame: The Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict in the Soviet and Russian Press","authors":"Alun Macer-Wright","doi":"10.1080/13537113.2022.2095323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13537113.2022.2095323","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45342,"journal":{"name":"Nationalism and Ethnic Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82892838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}