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Phonetic reduction and paradigm uniformity effects in spontaneous speech 自发言语中的语音还原和范式一致性效应
IF 0.6
Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.1075/ml.20023.eng
U. M. Engemann, I. Plag
{"title":"Phonetic reduction and paradigm uniformity effects in spontaneous speech","authors":"U. M. Engemann, I. Plag","doi":"10.1075/ml.20023.eng","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.20023.eng","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Recent work on the acoustic properties of complex words has found that morphological information may influence the\u0000 phonetic properties of words, e.g. acoustic duration. Paradigm uniformity has been proposed as one mechanism that may cause such\u0000 effects. In a recent experimental study Seyfarth et al. (2017) found that the stems of\u0000 English inflected words (e.g. frees) have a longer duration than the same string of segments in a homophonous\u0000 mono-morphemic word (e.g. freeze), due to the co-activation of the longer articulatory gesture of the bare stem\u0000 (e.g. free). However, not all effects predicted by paradigm uniformity were found in that study, and the role of\u0000 frequency-related phonetic reduction remained inconclusive. The present paper tries to replicate the effect using conversational\u0000 speech data from a different variety of English (i.e. New Zealand English), using the QuakeBox Corpus (Walsh et al. 2013). In the presence of word-form frequency as a predictor, stems of plurals were not\u0000 found to be significantly longer than the corresponding strings of comparable non-complex words. The analysis revealed, however, a\u0000 frequency-induced gradient paradigm uniformity effect: plural stems become shorter with increasing frequency of the bare stem.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45075650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Priming Maltese plurals 启动马耳他语复数
IF 0.6
Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.1075/ml.20008.nie
Jessica Nieder, Ruben van de Vijver, H. Mitterer
{"title":"Priming Maltese plurals","authors":"Jessica Nieder, Ruben van de Vijver, H. Mitterer","doi":"10.1075/ml.20008.nie","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.20008.nie","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000We investigate the storage and processing of sound and broken plural forms in the Maltese lexicon by means of a cross-modal priming study. The results show no significant differences in reaction time between sound and broken plurals, but indicate a different priming effect for sound than for broken plurals. We argue that the different priming effect is a result of the phonological overlap between sound singulars and their corresponding plurals forms, while broken singulars and their plurals do not share the same phonological structure. Our results support a single-mechanism model of morphological processing in which both frequency of pattern and morphophonological similarity interact.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46024260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Testing the storage of prosody-induced phonetic detail via auditory lexical decision 通过听觉词汇决策测试韵律诱发的语音细节的存储
IF 0.6
Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.1075/ml.19025.loh
A. Lohmann, Benjamin V. Tucker
{"title":"Testing the storage of prosody-induced phonetic detail via auditory lexical decision","authors":"A. Lohmann, Benjamin V. Tucker","doi":"10.1075/ml.19025.loh","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.19025.loh","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article reports the results of an auditory lexical decision task, testing the processing of phonetic detail of English noun/verb conversion pairs. The article builds on recent findings showing that the frequent occurrence in certain prosodic environments may lead to the storage of prosody-induced phonetic detail as part of the lexical representation. To investigate this question with noun/verb conversion pairs, ambicategorical stimuli were used that exhibit systematic occurrence differences with regard to prosodic environment, as indicated by either a strong verb-bias, e.g., talk (N/V) or a strong noun-bias, e.g., voice (N/V). The auditory lexical decision task tests whether acoustic properties reflecting either the typical or the atypical prosodic environment impact the processing of recordings of the stimuli. In doing so assumptions about the storage of prosody-induced phonetic detail are tested that distinguish competing model architectures. The results are most straightforwardly accounted for within an abstractionist architecture, in which the acoustic signal is mapped onto a representation that is based on the canonical pronunciation of the word.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46890817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contributions of declarative memory and prior knowledge to incidental L2 vocabulary learning 陈述性记忆和先验知识对二语词汇附带学习的贡献
IF 0.6
Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.1075/ml.20012.mur
Josiah Murphy, Ryan T. Miller, Phillip Hamrick
{"title":"Contributions of declarative memory and prior knowledge to incidental L2 vocabulary learning","authors":"Josiah Murphy, Ryan T. Miller, Phillip Hamrick","doi":"10.1075/ml.20012.mur","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.20012.mur","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The bulk of second language (L2) vocabulary learning happens incidentally through reading (Rott, 2007; Webb, 2008), but individual differences, such as\u0000 prior knowledge, modulate the efficacy of such incidental learning. One individual difference that is strongly predicted to play a\u0000 role in L2 vocabulary is declarative memory ability; however, links between these two abilities have not been explored (Hamrick, Lum, & Ullman, 2018). This study considered declarative memory in conjunction with varying degrees of prior knowledge, since declarative memory may serve a compensatory function (Ullman & Pullman, 2015). L2 Spanish learners completed measures of prior Spanish\u0000 vocabulary knowledge, declarative memory ability, and incidental L2 vocabulary learning. The results suggest that better\u0000 declarative memory predicts better immediate learning in general and better vocabulary retention two days later, but only for\u0000 those with more prior knowledge, consistent with the Matthew Effect previously reported in the literature (Stanovich, 1986).","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47740231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Romance N Prep N constructions in visual word recognition 视觉单词识别中的Romance N Prep N结构
IF 0.6
Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.1075/ml.20014.hen
Inga Hennecke, H. Baayen
{"title":"Romance N Prep N constructions in visual word recognition","authors":"Inga Hennecke, H. Baayen","doi":"10.1075/ml.20014.hen","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.20014.hen","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 N Prep N constructions such as Sp. bicicleta de montaña ‘mountain bike’ are very productive and\u0000 frequent in Romance languages. They commonly have been classified as syntagmatic compounds that show no\u0000 orthographic union and exhibit an internal structure that resembles free syntactic structures, such as Sp. libro para\u0000 niños ‘book for children’. There is no consensus on how to best distinguish lexical from syntactic N Prep N\u0000 constructions. The present paper presents an explorative eye-tracking study on N Prep N constructions, varying both lexical type\u0000 (lexical vs. syntactic) and preposition across three languages, French, Spanish and Portuguese. The task of the eye-tracking study\u0000 was a reading aloud paradigm of the constructions in sentence context. Constructions were fixated on less when more frequent,\u0000 independent of lexical status. There was also modest evidence that a higher construction frequency afforded shorter total fixation\u0000 durations, but only for lower deciles of the response distribution. The (construction-initial) head noun also received fewer\u0000 fixations as construction frequency increased, and also when the head noun was more frequent. The second fixation durations on the\u0000 head noun also revealed an effect of lexical status, with syntactic constructions receiving shorter fixations at the 5th and 7th\u0000 deciles. The probability of a fixation on the preposition decreased with preposition frequency, but first fixations on the\u0000 preposition increased with preposition frequency. The prepositions of Portuguese, the language with the richest inventory of\u0000 prepositions, received more fixations than the prepositions of French and Spanish. The observed pattern of results is consistent\u0000 with models of lexical processing in which reading is guided by knowledge of both higher-level constructions and knowledge of key\u0000 constituents such as the head noun and the preposition.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47856378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Editorial 编辑
IF 0.6
Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.1075/ml.00019.edi
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"","doi":"10.1075/ml.00019.edi","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.00019.edi","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45925056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of embodied simulation in vocabulary learning 体现模拟对词汇学习的影响
IF 0.6
Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.1075/ml.20011.ver
R. Versace, N. Bailloud, A. Magnan, J. Écalle
{"title":"The impact of embodied simulation in vocabulary learning","authors":"R. Versace, N. Bailloud, A. Magnan, J. Écalle","doi":"10.1075/ml.20011.ver","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.20011.ver","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the multisensory nature of vocabulary knowledge by using learning\u0000 designed to encourage the simulation of sensorimotor experiences.\u0000 Forty participants were instructed to learn pseudowords together with arbitrary definitions, either by mentally\u0000 experiencing (sensorimotor simulation) the definitions, or by mentally repeating them. A test phase consisting of three tasks was\u0000 then administered: in a recognition task, participants had to recognize learned pseudowords among distractors. In a categorization\u0000 task, they had to categorize pseudowords as representing either living or non-living items. Finally, in a sentence completion\u0000 task, participants had to decide whether pseudowords were congruent with context sentences. As expected, the sensorimotor\u0000 simulation condition induced better performances only in the categorization task and the sentence completion task. The results\u0000 converge with data from the literature in demonstrating that knowledge emergence implies sensorimotor simulation and showing that\u0000 vocabulary learning can benefit from encoding that encourages the simulation of sensorimotor experiences.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49309174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Flouting of Conversational Maxims by Male and Female Characters in the British TV Series Broadchurch 英剧《小镇疑案》中男女角色对会话格言的嘲弄
IF 0.6
Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v8i2.66001
Andrian Yonathan Damanik, Sharifah Hanidar
{"title":"The Flouting of Conversational Maxims by Male and Female Characters in the British TV Series Broadchurch","authors":"Andrian Yonathan Damanik, Sharifah Hanidar","doi":"10.22146/lexicon.v8i2.66001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v8i2.66001","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on examining the flouting of the Gricean conversational maxims on the British TV series Broadchurch. It also investigates the use of rhetorical strategies in flouting the maxims by male and female characters in the series. The research data were the utterances that flout the maxims. The data were collected from Season I of the Series, containing 8 episodes. The data were analyzed by applying Grice’s theory of cooperative principle (1975). Moreover, the data were also analyzed in terms of the rhetorical strategies employed by the characters when they flout the maxims. The results show that 97 cases of maxim flouting were found. The characters most frequently flout the maxim of relation (44.33%) and least frequently the maxim of quality (13.40%). Furthermore, in flouting the maxims, male characters tend to use the irrelevant statements as their preferred rhetorical strategy (63.46%), whereas female characters tend to use obscure expressions as their preferred rhetorical strategy (33.33%).","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75794253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Giving Commands in the TV Series Game of Thrones 在电视剧《权力的游戏》中发号施令
IF 0.6
Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v8i2.72806
Natasa Adelayanti, Rio Rini Diah Moehkardi
{"title":"Giving Commands in the TV Series Game of Thrones","authors":"Natasa Adelayanti, Rio Rini Diah Moehkardi","doi":"10.22146/lexicon.v8i2.72806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v8i2.72806","url":null,"abstract":"This research attempts to identify the types of commands, sub-types of the commands, and the influence of situational context, power, and social distance in producing commands between characters in the TV series Game of Thrones. The data used are the commands given by the characters, namely Jon Snow, Sansa Stark, Daenerys Targaryen, Tyrion and Cersei Lannister. Holmes’ theory (2013) and some other sources on the categories of commands, Cutting’s theory (2002) on situational context, and Brown & Levinson ‘s theory (1987) on social variables are employed to analyze how the commands were produced. The results show that there are two types of commands: direct and indirect commands. There are 33 direct commands and 57 indirect commands. Some factors such as situational context, power, and social distance have influenced the dominant use of indirect commands.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83885262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Significance of the Hero’s Journey in Siddhartha’s Character Development as Seen in Herman Hesse’s Siddhartha 从赫尔曼·黑塞的《悉达多》看英雄之旅对悉达多性格发展的意义
IF 0.6
Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.22146/LEXICON.V7I2.66573
Adelia Damayanti, Achmad Munjid
{"title":"The Significance of the Hero’s Journey in Siddhartha’s Character Development as Seen in Herman Hesse’s Siddhartha","authors":"Adelia Damayanti, Achmad Munjid","doi":"10.22146/LEXICON.V7I2.66573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/LEXICON.V7I2.66573","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the character development of Siddhartha, the main character in Herman Hesse’s novel, Siddhartha (1973). This research aims to study how Siddhartha’s character develops during his journey to reach enlightenment. The analysis is conducted by using the theory of the hero's journey by Joseph Campbell. The result shows that Siddhartha’s journey follows twelve out of seventeen stages of the hero’s journey proposed by Campbell. All of the stages appear in the same order except the stage Belly of The Whale that comes late. It functions as a turning point rather than a preparation for a greater ordeal. The analysis also shows that Siddhartha undergoes two major changes; from an individualistic to a wise person and from someone who is always persistent and thirsty for knowledge to someone who is flexible.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89620810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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