Mental Lexicon最新文献_第10页

Introduction to the special issue 特刊简介

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Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2020-10-30 DOI: 10.1075/ml.00010.int

T. Spalding, Christina L. Gagné

引用次数: 0

Absolutely PHAB 绝对PHAB

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Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2020-10-30 DOI: 10.1075/ml.00016.pep

S. Pepper, Pierre J. L. Arnaud

{"title":"Absolutely PHAB","authors":"S. Pepper, Pierre J. L. Arnaud","doi":"10.1075/ml.00016.pep","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.00016.pep","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There have been many attempts at classifying the semantic modification relations (ℜ) of N + N compounds but this work has not led to the acceptance of a definitive scheme, so that devising a reusable classification is a worthwhile aim. The scope of this undertaking is extended to other binominal lexemes, i.e. units that contain two thing-morphemes without explicitly stating ℜ, like prepositional units, N + relational adjective units, etc. The 25-relation taxonomy of Bourque (2014) was tested against over 15,000 binominal lexemes from 106 languages and extended to a 29-relation scheme (“Bourque2”) through the introduction of two new reversible relations. Bourque2 is then mapped onto Hatcher’s (1960) four-relation scheme (extended by the addition of a fifth relation, similarity, as “Hatcher2”). This results in a two-tier system usable at different degrees of granularities. On account of its semantic proximity to compounding, metonymy is then taken into account, following Janda’s (2011) suggestion that it plays a role in word formation; Peirsman and Geeraerts’ (2006) inventory of 23 metonymic patterns is mapped onto Bourque2, confirming the identity of metonymic and binominal modification relations. Finally, Blank’s (2003) and Koch’s (2001) work on lexical semantics justifies the addition to the scheme of a third, superordinate level which comprises the three Aristotelean principles of similarity, contiguity and contrast.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":"15 1","pages":"101-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44240180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

On the influence of creativity upon the interpretation of complex words 论创造力对复杂词语解读的影响

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Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2020-10-30 DOI: 10.1075/ml.00018.kor

L. Körtvélyessy, P. Štekauer, Pavol Kačmár

{"title":"On the influence of creativity upon the interpretation of complex words","authors":"L. Körtvélyessy, P. Štekauer, Pavol Kačmár","doi":"10.1075/ml.00018.kor","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.00018.kor","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper is aimed at the evaluation of whether, and if, to what degree, the psychological factor of creativity affects the interpretation of complex words. The research covered 324 students (17–18 years old) who attended (at the time of the experiment) various secondary schools in Kosice, Slovakia. For the sake of evaluation, the respondents were divided into two cohorts (H-cohort and L-cohort) for each of the creativity variables, based on their high vs. low scores achieved in the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (TTCT). These variables include Elaboration, Fluency, Flexibility and Originality and two subscores, the Creative Strengths and the Composite Score. The interpretation test includes potential compound words and converted words, i.e., potential words that admit numerous potential readings. The evaluation process is primarily based on Stekauer’s theory of meaning predictability (2005), and covers four variables: the predictability rate, the objectified predictability rate, hapax legomena, and the average number of readings per informant. The results suggest that while the H-cohort is more ‘creative’ in interpreting potential words the influence of the individual variables/subscores varies substantially.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":"15 1","pages":"142-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43513074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Resistance against Women’s Objectification Portrayed in Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God 卓拉·尼尔·赫斯顿《她们的眼睛注视着上帝》中对女性物化的反抗

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Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v7i2.66962

Made Dian Ratnawati, M. Hernawati

{"title":"Resistance against Women’s Objectification Portrayed in Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God","authors":"Made Dian Ratnawati, M. Hernawati","doi":"10.22146/lexicon.v7i2.66962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v7i2.66962","url":null,"abstract":"In the early twentieth century, African-American women in the southern United States faced double oppression as a result of patriarchy and racism. They strive to reclaim their independence, all the more so when they are bound by their marriage. Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937) is Zora Neale Hurston's magnum opus, which chronicles the objectification of a young African-American woman called Janie Crawford during her marriage. Through the lens of Black Feminism, this research aims to identify the many forms of female objectification present in the novel and to ascertain the responses taken by the main character in response to the objectification. This research makes use of Martha Nussbaum's and Rae Langton's objectification ideas. Additionally, this study employs Kumea Shorter-Gooden's resistance strategies to evaluate the main character's strategies for resisting objectification. Janie Crawford was subjected to nine distinct forms of objectification by both her first and second husbands, Logan and Jody, according to this study. Additionally, this research illustrates how Janie Crawford's opposition to objectification is fueled by the concept of self-definition. In general, the findings indicate that the novel is centered on the problem of women's objectification and is a timely representation of African American women's lives in the early twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75447790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trauma in Washington Black’s Character as Seen in Esi Edugyan’s Washington Black 从艾西·埃德吉安的《华盛顿·布莱克》看华盛顿·布莱克性格中的创伤

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Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v7i2.67029

Reynaldi Alexander Agung, Nur Saktiningrum

引用次数: 0

Simulating phonological and semantic impairment of English tense inflection with linear discriminative learning 用线性判别学习模拟英语时态屈折的语音和语义损害

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Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2020-01-07 DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/5eksa

Maria Heitmeier, R. Baayen

{"title":"Simulating phonological and semantic impairment of English tense inflection with linear discriminative learning","authors":"Maria Heitmeier, R. Baayen","doi":"10.31234/osf.io/5eksa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/5eksa","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study applies the computational theory of the ‘discriminative lexicon’ (Baayen, Chuang, and Blevins, 2019) to the modeling of the production of English verbs in aphasic speech. Under semantic impairment, speakers\u0000 have been reported to have greater difficulties with irregular verbs, whereas speakers with phonological impairment are described as having\u0000 greater problems with regulars. Joanisse and Seidenberg (1999) were able to model this\u0000 dissociation, but only by adding noise to the semantic units of their model. We report two simulation studies in which topographically\u0000 coherent regions of phonological and semantic networks were selectively damaged. Our model replicated the main findings, including the high\u0000 variability in the consequences of brain lesions for speech production. Importantly, our model generated these results without having to\u0000 lesion the semantic system more than the phonological system. The model’s success hinges on the use of a corpus-based distributional vector\u0000 space for representing verbs’ meanings. Irregular verbs have denser semantic neighborhoods than do regular verbs (Baayen and Moscoso del Prado Martín, 2005). In our model this renders irregular verbs more fragile under semantic\u0000 impairment. These results provide further support for the central idea underlying the discriminative lexicon: that behavioral patterns can,\u0000 to a considerable extent, be understood as emerging from the distributional properties of a language and basic principles of human\u0000 learning.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43730378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Personal indices in the verbal system of the Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Zakho Zakho犹太新阿拉姆语方言言语系统中的人称指标

IF 0.6

Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1075/ml.00004.gut

A. Gutman

{"title":"Personal indices in the verbal system of the Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Zakho","authors":"A. Gutman","doi":"10.1075/ml.00004.gut","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.00004.gut","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Zakho is a highly endangered dialect of North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic which was spoken by the Jews of Zakho (northern-Iraq) up to the 1950s, when virtually all of them left Iraq for Israel. Thanks to documentation efforts which started in the ’40s at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, as well as the interest of native speakers, we possess a rich textual documentation of this dialect today (Cohen, 2012; Y. Sabar, 2002; Avinery, 1988). These resources, together with recently conducted fieldwork, are used in order to analyze the linguistic status of the verbal personal indices in this dialect, following the concepts presented by Bresnan & Mchombo (1987) as well as Corbett (2003). For each person marker, its status as a pronominal affix or as an agreement marker is established. The synchronic situation is compared with the known historic situation in older strata of Aramaic, such as Classical Syriac. The resulting analysis shows that the same apparent person marker may behave differently in different syntactic environments. Another conclusion is that there is no clear-cut dichotomy between pronominal affixes and agreement markers, as transitional cases exist.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":"14 1","pages":"189-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46957015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What do children know about German verb prefixes? 孩子们对德语动词前缀了解多少?

IF 0.6

Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1075/ml.00007.mat

Veronika Mattes

{"title":"What do children know about German verb prefixes?","authors":"Veronika Mattes","doi":"10.1075/ml.00007.mat","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.00007.mat","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Not much is known about how children cope with the task of acquiring the complex, polyfunctional, and often abstract and idiosyncratic system of German verbal prefixes. This paper presents an experimental study on children’s knowledge, i.e. their morphological and semantic awareness, of the five verbal prefixes be‑, ent‑, er‑, ver‑, and zer‑ in preschool age and early school age. The experiment combines a decision and a definition task involving canonical and novel prefix verbs, and it examines the influence of context on the recognition of the verbs. The results of the study show that, in general, the knowledge of prefix verbs increases significantly between 6 and 8 years. Preschoolers have preliminary, but still very labile representations of the five verbal prefixes, school children have established much more independent representations, however, the lexical knowledge they have about prefixes and prefixed verbs is still fragmentary. The five prefixes under investigation differ considerably with respect to their morpho-semantic transparency. Higher transparency results in good passive knowledge of the prefixes, even when they are rarely used by the children spontaneously, such as the infrequent, but semantically salient prefix ent- (ent-kommen ‘escape’), that is much better known to children than spontaneous speech data would suggest.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":"14 1","pages":"274-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47016555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

What does a verb? Indicate sentence type 动词是什么？指示语句类型

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Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1075/ml.00009.spe

A. Speyer

引用次数: 0

Complexity and density of Hebrew verbs in preschool peer talk 幼儿同伴谈话中希伯来语动词的复杂性和密度

IF 0.6

Mental Lexicon Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1075/ml.00006.lev

R. Levie, Elitzur Dattner, R. Zwilling, Hadas Rosenstein, Shirly Eitan Stanzas, D. Ravid

{"title":"Complexity and density of Hebrew verbs in preschool peer talk","authors":"R. Levie, Elitzur Dattner, R. Zwilling, Hadas Rosenstein, Shirly Eitan Stanzas, D. Ravid","doi":"10.1075/ml.00006.lev","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.00006.lev","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hebrew verbs were analyzed in the peer talk produced by 36 Hebrew-speaking children in two age/schooling groups (4;0–5;0 and 5;0–6;0 years), and from two socio-economic backgrounds (SES), mid-high and low. Each of the four age/SES groups consisted of nine children in three triads, where each triad was recorded for 30 minutes while playing. The interface of lexical and morphological growth was demonstrated in the developing organization of verbs in terms of roots, binyan conjugations and derivational families. SES was found the major source of variation in all measures, indicating a smaller and less specific verb lexicon in the low SES groups. Network analyses, a novel methodological approach, revealed the internal structure of the verb category in each age/SES cell, pointing to a scarce and less complex verb lexicon of the low SES groups. These measures also accounted for the growth potential of the network, increasing from the younger low SES group at one pole and peaking in the older mid-high SES at the other pole. These quantitative and qualitative differences in the morphological make-up of the verb lexicon and its usage patterns in preschool peer talk have implications for the impact of SES on verb learning in Hebrew.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":"14 1","pages":"237-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42282646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4