AIMS Environmental Science最新文献

{"title":"2019 Southeast Asia Transboundary Haze and its Influence on Particulate Matter Variations: A Case Study in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah","authors":"Carolyn Payus, Siti Irbah Anuar, Fuei Pien Chee, Muhammad Izzuddin Rumaling, Agoes Soegianto","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2023031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2023031","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract><p>In 2019, Malaysia faced a deterioration of air quality due to transboundary haze, which brought negative implications, especially for public health. In light of the above scenario, continuous particulate matter (PM₁₀, PM_2.5 and PM₁) and meteorological parameters amid the haze period were taken to unravel the influence of haze on particulate matter variations and to investigate the association between particulate matter concentrations with meteorological parameters and fire hotspots in Kota Kinabalu, where it is rarely studied. Particulate matter and the meteorological parameters were monitored during the haze season, continuously from 21 August–30 September 2019, using AirMate, a ground-based air monitoring equipment. Air mass backward trajectories were simulated using the HYSPLIT Model, and fire hotspot data was obtained from the Greenpeace Global Fire Dashboard. The results showed increasing particulate matter concentrations during the haze period, with PM_2.5 exceeding the New Ambient Air Quality Standards (2020) on multiple days. For meteorological parameters, all parameters showed a significant weak positive relationship with respective particulate matter. However, the correlation between particulate matter and fire hotspots in Indonesia showed a moderate positive relationship. The backward trajectories simulated indicated the influence of south-westerly winds in transporting the pollutants from fire hotspots in the Indonesia region. Thus, we provide beneficial information about the impacted area during the 2019 transboundary haze episode, where the interactions between the particulate matter variations and the parameters studied were unraveled.</p></abstract>","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135653430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of carbon emissions under sustainable supply chain management with uncertain human learning","authors":"Richi Singh, Dharmendra Yadav, S.R. Singh, Ashok Kumar, Biswajit Sarkar","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2023032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2023032","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract><p>Customers' growing concern for environmentally friendly goods and services has created a competitive and environmentally responsible business scenario. This global awareness of a green environment has motivated several researchers and companies to work on reducing carbon emissions and sustainable supply chain management. This study explores a sustainable supply chain system in the context of an imperfect flexible production system with a single manufacturer and multiple competitive retailers. It aims to reduce the carbon footprints of the developed system through uncertain human learning. Three carbon regulation policies are designed to control carbon emissions caused by various supply chain activities. Despite the retailers being competitive in nature, the smart production system with a sustainable supply chain and two-level screening reduces carbon emissions effectively with maximum profit. Obtained results explore the significance of uncertain human learning, and the total profit of the system increases to 0.039% and 2.23%, respectively. A comparative study of the model under different carbon regulatory policies shows a successful reduction in carbon emissions (beyond 20%), which meets the motive of this research.</p></abstract>","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136054099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward achieving zero-emissions in European Union countries: The contributions of trade and overseas direct investments in consumption-based carbon emissions","authors":"O. Osabuohien-Irabor, I. Drapkin","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2023008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2023008","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve the ideal emissions reduction goals, several studies have suggested that carbon emissions should be examined in the framework of both territorial and consumption-based emissions. Nevertheless, the European Union (EU) SDGs targets aimed at mitigating carbon emissions based on the United Nation (UN) Kyoto Protocol structure, only appears to be concerned with the reduction of territorial-based emissions whilst emissions embodied on imported goods and services receive very little attention. To this end, this study examines the contributions of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) and disaggregate trade flows toward consumption-based sustainability in twenty-one (21) EU countries for the period 1995–2019. The study utilizes the STIRPAT model (Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology) and battery of advanced econometric techniques such as the Cross-Sectional Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL), Common Correlated Effects (CCE) and the Cross-Sectional Distributed Lags (CS-DL) to examine the short-and long-run dynamics of OFDI and trade on consumption-based emissions. Finding reveals that EU exports and OFDI spillover reduces consumption-based emission, whilst import of goods and services promote emissions both in the short-run and long-run. This suggests that the progress report on carbon emissions reduction for most EU countries under the greenhouse gas accounting systems are merely carbon emissions outsourced to low-income countries whilst consumption-based emission continues to increase. These findings are robust to several econometric problems with set of policy implications provided for policymakers and governments to formulate more efficient strategies toward the mitigation of consumption-based carbon emissions among EU countries.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70231800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the genus Riccia (Marchantiophyta: Ricciaceae) as a biofilter for particulate matter adsorption from air pollution","authors":"W. Meesang, Erawan Baothong, Aphichat Srichat, S. Mattapha, W. Kaensa, Pathomsorn Juthakanok, Wipaporn Kitisriworaphan, Kanda Saosoong","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2023009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2023009","url":null,"abstract":"The study of plants as a biofilter is highly relevant in the field of air pollution science to ecological restoration in urban, which is connected to the ecosystem and human health. The aim of this present study was designed to evaluate the use of Riccia as a biofilter for particulate matter. The treatment box was designed using the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model. The alignment of the biofilter plant was designed and performed in three different arrangements blocking, zigzag, and parallel panels. The particulate matter was generated by simulated B7 diesel fuel combustion smoke using a smoke generator and loaded into the chamber with air velocities of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 m/s via a Laser dust sensor for both inlet and outlet air. The adsorption efficiency of the PM adsorbed on the biofilter plant was calculated. The physical properties, physiological, and biochemical parameters of the study plant such as Air pollution tolerance index (APTI), Dust capturing potential were investigated. Moreover, the micromorphological details of the plant, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and adsorbed metal were analyzed. The study revealed adsorption efficiency was in the range of 2.3%–49.6 %. The highest efficiency values for PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 were 31.4, 40.1, and 49.6, respectively, which belonged to the horizontal panel with a velocity of 2.0 m/s. The alignment of the panel and air velocities affects the efficiency. HS-GC-MS revealed that Riccia can be adsorbed the particulate matter and the quantity of Cd, Pb, and Na were 0.0044 ± 0.0069 mg/gDW, 0.0208 ± 0.0278 mg/gDW, and 0.9395 ± 0.1009 mg/gDW, respectively. The morphological study exhibited a rough surface to enhance the efficiency of the trapped particle matter. The results showed that Riccia was suitable for adsorbing the particulate matter with a diameter of 1–4 μm.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70231843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing towards a sustainable energy model. Uncovering the untapped potential of rural areas","authors":"Vanessa Miramontes-Viña, N. Romero-Castro, M. Ángeles López-Cabarcos","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2023017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2023017","url":null,"abstract":"Rural areas are essential to moving towards the necessary sustainable energy transition and climate change mitigation through renewable energy (RE) technologies. However, RE planning and decision-making in rural locations have not been developed to date with a focus on the local level and accompanied by a careful and thorough assessment of the simultaneous availability of alternative RE sources in a specific territory. Quite differently, RE investments in rural locations have been primarily driven by the interests of large power utilities to exploit a particular RE source, with benefits escaping from the rural economies to end up in the income statements of those large corporations. There is a need to approach RE planning at the municipal scale considering the availability of alternative RE sources. This study suggests the development of a rural RE potential index that could help in the identification of appropriate locations for the implementation of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs). The construction of a composite indicator to measure rural RE potential is exemplified through a case study that deals with ten indicators in the context of Galician rural municipalities, involving different RE potentials and some technical or regulatory constraints. Equal weighting and Principal Component Analysis are considered alternative methods for the index construction. Municipalities are the relevant local decision level where energy policy should be focused in order to diversify both the RE mix and the investor base. The proposed index could be the basis for future analyses aimed at optimizing the design and implementation of HRESs in rural environments at a local-regional-national scale.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70232001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trojan horse effects of microplastics: A mini-review about their role as a vector of organic and inorganic compounds in several matrices","authors":"Fabiana Carriera, Cristina Di Fiore, Pasquale Avino","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2023040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2023040","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract> <p>The \"Trojan horse effect\" of microplastics for organic and inorganic contaminants is an interesting topic. So far, the scientific community has focused on microplastics strictly as contaminants, but their role as vectors is still undefined. Adsorption of pollutants follows the Freundlich model by physisorption mechanism. Furthermore, ages and types of microplastics influence the adsorption of pollutants onto microplastics. Moreover, natural particles, like algae particles, present in the environment can interfere in the adsorption mechanisms. Due to their chemical composition of mainly O and N, it has been suggested that natural particles have a stronger adsorption affinity for some pollutants. Furthermore, microplastic's role as vector of pollutants into organisms is controversial. In fact, it has been suggested that the release is species-specific. In <italic>T. japonicus</italic>, accumulation of Hg loaded onto microplastics increased by 2.5 times, whereas a reduction of bioavailability of Hg was observed in <italic>R. lens</italic>.</p> </abstract>","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135759430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics in surface water and tissue of white leg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, in a cultured pond in Nakhon Pathom Province, Central Thailand","authors":"A. Vitheepradit, T. Prommi","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2023027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2023027","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of microplastics in commercially important seafood species is a new issue of food safety concern. Although plastic debris has been found in the gastrointestinal tracts of several species, the prevalence of microplastics in edible shrimp tissues in Thailand has not yet been established. For the first time, the gastrointestinal tract (GT), heptapancreas (HEP), muscle (MU) and exoskeleton (EX) of farmed white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) from commercial aquaculture facilities in Nakhon Pathom Province, Thailand, were analyzed for microplastics (MPs). The number of MP items per tissue was 27.36±2.28 in the GT, 17.42±0.90 in the HEP, 11.37±0.60 in the MU and 10.04±0.52 in the EX. MP concentrations were 137.78±16.48, 16.31±1.87, 1.69±0.13 and 4.37±0.27 items/gram (ww) in the GT, HEP, MU and EX, respectively. Microplastics ranged in size from < 100 to 200–250 μm, with fragment-shape (62.07%), fibers (37.31%) and blue (43.69%) was the most common. The most frequently found polymers in shrimp tissue organs and pond water were polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB). Shrimp consumption (excluding GT and EX) was calculated as 28.79 items/shrimp/person/day using Thailand's consumption of shrimp, MP abundance and shrimp consumption. The results of the study can be used as background data for future biomonitoring of microplastics in shrimp species that are significant from an ecological and commercial perspective. MP abundance in farmed L. vannamei may be related to feeding habits and the source of MPs could come from the aquaculture facilities operations.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70232541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decolorization of Reactive Red 120 by a novel bacterial consortium: Kinetics and heavy metal inhibition study","authors":"M. Manogaran, M. Halmi, A. Othman, N. A. Yasid, B. Gunasekaran, M. Shukor","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2023024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2023024","url":null,"abstract":"Juru River is one of the most polluted rivers in Malaysia. A dye-degrading bacterial consortium has been isolated from the river's sediment. This consortium JR3 consists of Pseudomonas aeruginosa MM01, Enterobacter sp. MM05 and Serratia marcescens MM06, which were able to decolorize up to 700 ppm of the Reactive Red 120 (RR120) dye under optimal conditions with limited substrate available. Substrate inhibition kinetics were investigated, and, based on the best model, Aiba, the maximum growth rate was 0.795 h–1, while the saturation constant and inhibitory constant were 0.185% and 0.14%, respectively. In addition, the influence of various metal ions on the growth and decolorization rate of this bacterial consortium on RR120 was investigated. Chromium showed the weakest effect on the decolorization of 200 ppm RR120, with 73.5% removal and bacterial growth of 11.461 log CFU mL–1. Zinc yielded the second weakest effect, followed by silver and lead, with percentages of RR120 decolorization of 63.8%, 54.6% and 50.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, cadmium, arsenic and copper reduced the decolorization of RR120 in consortium JR3 by half. Mercury strongly inhibited decolorization by 32.5%. Based on the least inhibited heavy metal in RR120 decolorization activity of consortium JR3, the best inhibitory kinetic model was Levenspiel, with a maximum growth rate of 0.632 h–1, while the saturation constant and inhibitory constants were 15.08% and 0.5783%, respectively. The metal-tolerant azo dye-degrading bacterial consortium will be very useful in dye remediation in metal-laden polluted environments.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70231695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cypermethrin insecticide residue, water quality and phytoplankton diversity in the lychee plantation catchment area","authors":"Jirapa Wongsa, Ramita Liamchang, Neti Ngearnpat, Kritchaya Issakul","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2023034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2023034","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract> <p>Lychee plantation areas are typically located at varying elevations on mountains to ensure proper drainage. This placement has direct effects on stream and river water flows and consequently influences pesticide residue, water quality and aquatic biodiversity. This research aims to examine the relationships between cypermethrin residue, water quality and phytoplankton diversity in the lychee plantation catchment area in Phayao Province, Thailand, from January to May 2022. The study area was divided into six sampling sites. Water samples were collected for the investigation of cypermethrin residual, physicochemical and biological water quality parameters. The water quality index was used as an overall measurement of water quality. The study also examined the diversity of phytoplankton species and the relationship among cypermethrin residue, water quality and phytoplankton diversity were studied using canonical correspondence analysis. The findings revealed an increasing trend of cypermethrin residue, with the maximum concentration reaching 29.43 mg/L in March. The trend of decreasing water quality scores from Station S1 to Station S5 indicated the influence of land use changes and human activities, especially in the community area (S5), which was characterized by deterioration of water quality. A total of 174 phytoplankton species were categorized into 5 divisions, with Chlorophyta accounting for 61.49% of the total, followed by Bacillariophyta (28.16%) and Cyanophyta (6.32%). The highest Shannon's diversity index and evenness were observed at Stations S3 and S4, respectively. The canonical correspondence analysis revealed an interesting relationship among cypermethrin residue, ammonia nitrogen, chlorophyll a and three algal species: <italic>Pediastrum simplex</italic> var. <italic>echinulatum</italic>, <italic>Pediastrum duplex</italic> var. <italic>duplex</italic> and <italic>Scenedesmus acutus</italic> at Station S3. This research implies that pesticide residue and water quality have a direct impact on phytoplankton distribution, illustrating the environmental challenges that occur in various geographical areas. This information can be applied to assist in the development of future sustainable land use management initiatives.</p> </abstract>","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135213645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil moisture routing modeling of targeted biochar amendment in undulating topographies: an analysis of biochar's effects on streamflow","authors":"Adam O'Keeffe, Erin Brooks, Chad Dunkel, Dev S. Shrestha","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2023030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2023030","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract><p>The effect of biochar on hydrologic fluxes was estimated using a single hillslope version of a gridded soil moisture routing (SMR) model. Five grid cells were aligned linearly with varied slopes to simulate a small undulating hillslope with or without a restrictive layer beneath the soil profile. Biochar amendments (redwood sawdust and wheat straw biochar) at concentrations of 0%, 4%, and 7% were applied to the topmost grid-cell by mass of dry soil. Simulated streamflow hydrographs for restricted and non-restricted soil profiles were manually calibrated with measured Palouse River streamflow data. Evapotranspiration, percolation, lateral flow, baseflow, and streamflow were all modeled yearly. Two generally reported field capacities (FC) in literature at −6 and −33 kPa were considered to assess the effect of biochar. Field capacity considered at −6 kPa corresponds to higher moisture content, and hence higher moisture storage capacity between FC and permanent wilting point than at −33 kPa. At −6 kPa FC, biochar effectively increased evapotranspiration and reduced the lateral flow of the system. Increased soil porosity from biochar amendment enhanced the water holding capacity of the soil and plant available water. These mechanisms impacted the streamflow generated from the system indicating positive outcomes from biochar amendment in both restricted and non-restricted soil profiles. Biochar amendment showed an order of magnitude smaller effects with −33 kPa FC compared to −6 kPa FC; the increased porosity appeared to be less influential at lower field capacity values. Additionally, the results showed that the over-application of coarse biochar might negatively affect retaining soil moisture. These findings point to positive results for using biochar as a water management strategy if applied less than 7% in this study, but further exploration is needed to find the optimum level of biochar with different biochar and soil properties.</p></abstract>","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135596075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}