Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology最新文献_第10页

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/18344909211038105

H. Niemi

{"title":"AI in learning","authors":"H. Niemi","doi":"10.1177/18344909211038105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909211038105","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue raises two thematic questions: (1) How will AI change learning in the future and what role will human beings play in the interaction with machine learning, and (2), What can we learn from the articles in this special issue for future research? These questions are reflected in the frame of the recent discussion of human and machine learning. AI for learning provides many applications and multimodal channels for supporting people in cognitive and non-cognitive task domains. The articles in this special issue evidence that agency, engagement, self-efficacy, and collaboration are needed in learning and working with intelligent tools and environments. The importance of social elements is also clear in the articles. The articles also point out that the teacher’s role in digital pedagogy primarily involves facilitating and coaching. AI in learning has a high potential, but it also has many limitations. Many worries are linked with ethical issues, such as biases in algorithms, privacy, transparency, and data ownership. This special issue also highlights the concepts of explainability and explicability in the context of human learning. We need much more research and research-based discussion for making AI more trustworthy for users in learning environments and to prevent misconceptions.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47128871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Numerosity representation in a deep convolutional neural network 深度卷积神经网络中的数字表示

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/18344909211012613

Cihua Zhou, Wei Xu, Yujie Liu, Zhichao Xue, Rui Chen, Ke Zhou, Jia Liu

{"title":"Numerosity representation in a deep convolutional neural network","authors":"Cihua Zhou, Wei Xu, Yujie Liu, Zhichao Xue, Rui Chen, Ke Zhou, Jia Liu","doi":"10.1177/18344909211012613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909211012613","url":null,"abstract":"Enumerating objects in the environment (i.e., “number sense”) is crucial for survival in many animal species, and foundational for the construction of more abstract and complex mathematical knowledge in humans. Perhaps surprisingly, deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) spontaneously emerge a similar number sense even without any explicit training for numerosity estimation. However, little is known about how the number sense emerges, and the extent to which it is comparable with human number sense. Here, we examined whether the numerosity underestimation effect, a phenomenon indicating that numerosity perception acts upon the perceptual number rather than the physical number, can be observed in DCNNs. In a typical DCNN, AlexNet, we found that number-selective units at late layers operated on the perceptual number, like humans do. More importantly, this perceptual number sense did not emerge abruptly, rather developed progressively along the hierarchy in the DCNN, shifting from the physical number sense at early layers to perceptual number sense at late layers. Our finding hence provides important implications for the neural implementation of number sense in the human brain and advocates future research to determine whether the representation of numerosity also develops gradually along the human visual stream from physical number to perceptual number.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/18344909211012613","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49021243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Corrigendum to “The role of self-evaluation in predicting attitudes toward supporters of COVID-19-related conspiracy theories: A direct and a conceptual replication of Cichoka et al. (2016).” “自我评价在预测对covid -19相关阴谋论支持者的态度中的作用:Cichoka等人(2016)的直接和概念复制”的更正。

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/18344909211064802

B. Siem, B. Kretzmeyer,, S. Sturmer

引用次数: 0

Examining conspiracy beliefs and COVID-19 in four countries: The role of disgust towards the political system and implications for prosocial behavior 研究四个国家的阴谋信仰和新冠肺炎：对政治制度的厌恶的作用及其对亲社会行为的影响

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/18344909211056855

Chanki Moon, G. Travaglino

{"title":"Examining conspiracy beliefs and COVID-19 in four countries: The role of disgust towards the political system and implications for prosocial behavior","authors":"Chanki Moon, G. Travaglino","doi":"10.1177/18344909211056855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909211056855","url":null,"abstract":"Since late 2019, the coronavirus SARS-COV-2 responsible for the COVID-19 disease has continued to spread across different regions of the world. As a result, governments have been implementing measures for controlling the disease which rely on people's cooperation. In this research, we considered predictors and implications of people's beliefs that they “haven’t been told the ‘whole story’ about COVID-19.” Specifically, we examined the role of disgust towards the political system in predicting conspiratorial tendencies across four countries, in Europe (Italy and the UK), North America (the USA), and Asia (South Korea). In addition, we investigated the implications of conspiratorial beliefs for individuals’ intentions to engage in prosocial cooperative behavior. In line with the idea that feelings of disgust towards the political system may indicate that people perceive the system as violating core norms, results showed that disgust was associated with stronger conspiratorial tendencies. Individuals’ conspiratorial tendencies were in turn associated with lower intentions to help others during the pandemic. Results were broadly consistent across the countries tested. Directions for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48753528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

How Social Media Shapes One’s Public Mood: The Three-Way Interaction Effect of Sphere, Information Valence, and Justice Sensitivity 社交媒体如何塑造公众情绪：领域、信息价值和司法敏感性的三元互动效应

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1834490921991425

Yixin Zhou, Zheng Zhang, Kexin Wang, Shuang Chen, Mingjie Zhou

引用次数: 2

COVID-19-related conspiracy theories in China 中国的新冠肺炎阴谋论

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/18344909211034928

Xue Wang, Shijiang Zuo, Hoi‐Wing Chan, C. Chiu, Ying-yi Hong

{"title":"COVID-19-related conspiracy theories in China","authors":"Xue Wang, Shijiang Zuo, Hoi‐Wing Chan, C. Chiu, Ying-yi Hong","doi":"10.1177/18344909211034928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909211034928","url":null,"abstract":"Many COVID-19 conspiracy theories implicate China and its agents, whether implicitly or explicitly, as conspirators with potentially malicious intent behind the current pandemic. We set out to explore whether Chinese people believe in pandemic-related conspiracy theories, and if so, how do their secure (in-group identification) and defensive (collective narcissism) in-group positivity predict their conspiracy beliefs. We hypothesized that national identification would negatively predict the tendency to attribute responsibility to an in-group, thus predicting less risk-rejection conspiracy theory beliefs (e.g., COVID-19 is a hoax). In contrast, national collective narcissism would positively predict the tendency to attribute responsibility for the pandemic to an out-group, which in turn would validate conspiracy theories that acknowledge the risk of the pandemic (e.g., COVID-19 is a bioweapon). To test these predictions, we collected data in China (n = 1,200) in April 2020. Supporting our predictions, national identification was negatively associated with risk-rejection conspiracy beliefs via in-group attribution, whereas national collective narcissism was positively associated with risk-acceptance conspiracy beliefs via out-group attribution.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/18344909211034928","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46017976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Residential Mobility and Trust: The Moderating Role of Cognitive Need for Closure 居住流动性与信任:封闭认知需要的调节作用

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1834490920974759

Na Zhao, Kaiqiang Xu, Ling Sun

引用次数: 4

Conspiracy Theories about Infectious Diseases: An Introduction 传染病阴谋论:导论

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/18344909211057657

Ying-yi Hong, Hoi‐Wing Chan, Karen M. Douglas

引用次数: 2

A review of mindful parenting 用心养育的回顾

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/18344909211037016

Nigela Ahemaitijiang, Huiting Fang, Yaxuan Ren, Z. Han, Nirbhay N. Singh

引用次数: 6

A dialogue system for identifying need deficiencies in moral education 一个识别德育需求不足的对话系统

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1834490921998589

Penghe Chen, Yu Lu, Shengquan Yu, Qi Xu, Jiefei Liu

{"title":"A dialogue system for identifying need deficiencies in moral education","authors":"Penghe Chen, Yu Lu, Shengquan Yu, Qi Xu, Jiefei Liu","doi":"10.1177/1834490921998589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1834490921998589","url":null,"abstract":"Moral education refers to the cultivation of ideals, moral quality, culture, and discipline. One of its main tasks is to analyze students’ problem behaviors and identify their underlying need deficiencies. Previous psychological research has focused on studying how distinct factors affect psychological needs and problem behaviors. However, these findings have provided only scattered guidelines for identifying students’ need deficiencies, which are difficult for inexperienced teachers and parents to apply systematically. To address these issues, we attempt to answer two key research questions in this work. First, how do we define a theoretical framework so that the psychological research findings can be systematically applied to identify students’ need deficiencies? Second, can the latest AI technologies be employed to identify such need deficiencies automatically? To answer these research questions, we first build a theoretical framework to summarize all the factors relevant to the students’ problem behaviors and need deficiencies. After that, we propose and develop a task-oriented dialogue system that can properly inquire about different aspects of students’ information and automatically infer their need deficiencies. We conduct comprehensive experiments to evaluate the system’s performance with real-life cases. The results show that the built dialogue system could effectively serve as a diagnostic tool to identify the students’ need deficiencies.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44061325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4