Violence and Gender最新文献

{"title":"Maternal–Fetal Attachment and Domestic Violence Against Iranian and Afghan Pregnant Women: A Cross-Cultural Study","authors":"M. Dehghan, Jamileh Farokhzadian, Hakimeh Ferdosi, F. Abazari, Parya Jangipour Afshar, H. Sheikhbardsiri","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-107804/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-107804/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Domestic violence against pregnant women is becoming more frequent and intense. Studies have shown that women who were under more physical and psychological violence experienced a lot of stress and depression and had less ability to communicate with their fetuses. International statistics show a high prevalence of violence against Afghan women and the communities migrated to Afghanistan. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the maternal-fetal attachment and domestic violence between Iranian and Afghan pregnant women.Methods: This study has a descriptive-comparative cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of Iranian and Afghan pregnant women referred to Kerman Health Centers in 2018-2019. One hundred-forty-six Iranian pregnant women and 142 Afghan pregnant women were enrolled in the study by the quota sampling. Data collection tools were demographic and clinical information questionnaire, questionnaires of domestic violence against women, and maternal-fetal attachment scale. Results: The mean score of maternal-fetal attachment in Iranian and Afghan pregnant women was higher than the average. Also, scores of maternal-fetal attachment and its dimensions in Afghan pregnant women were significantly higher than that of Iranian pregnant women (P < 0.001). The mean score of domestic violence was low in Iranian and Afghan pregnant women. There was no significant difference between Iranian and Afghan pregnant women in the total score of domestic violence (P > 0.05). There was a significant inverse correlation between maternal-fetal attachment and domestic violence in Iranian pregnant women (P < 0.05). In Afghan pregnant women, there was a positive and significant correlation between maternal-fetal attachment and sexual violence in while there was a significant and reverse relationship between other dimensions of attachment and violence (P < 0.05).Conclusion: This study showed that the rate of violence in the studied populations was low, and maternal-fetal attachment rate is appropriate. The relationship between violence and mother-fetal attachment had a different pattern in Iranian and Afghan women. Therefore, further studies are needed to investigate the factors affecting maternal-fetal attachment, especially in Afghan women.","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45802858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Forgotten Survivor: The Articulated Needs of Survivors of Psychological and Economic Abuse Who Stay","authors":"Tracy G. Crump","doi":"10.1089/vio.2020.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2020.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Despite improvements, extant research and praxis has not yet given sufficient attention to nonphysical forms of intimate partner violence, including psychological and economic abuse. Furthermore, i...","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":"7 1","pages":"167-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44812595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual Violence and Mental Health Among College Students in the Era of #MeToo","authors":"D. Dilip, L. Bates","doi":"10.1089/vio.2020.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2020.0033","url":null,"abstract":"Sexual violence is a prevalent public health issue among college students and associated with adverse mental health outcomes. Modern social movements that bring awareness to sexual violence, such a...","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/vio.2020.0033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44807759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinguishing Between On-Campus and Off-Campus Sexual Victimization: A Brief Report","authors":"E. O’Neal, Brittany E. Hayes, Andia M. Azimi","doi":"10.1089/vio.2020.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2020.0029","url":null,"abstract":"Campus sexual victimization has moved to the forefront of the academy's collective awareness, and recent years have seen drastic increases in scholarship and legal reforms directed at the sexual vi...","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/vio.2020.0029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47039022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Domestic Violence During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Japan","authors":"T. Suga","doi":"10.1089/vio.2020.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2020.0043","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic violence (DV) incidents, triggered as a result of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) imposed lockdowns, are being increasingly reported worldwide. In April 2020, the Spousal Violence Coun...","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41922626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Female Copycat Crime: An Exploratory Analysis","authors":"Ray Surette","doi":"10.1089/vio.2020.0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2020.0046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42278600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Images of Women on Social Media: A Comparison of Four Diverse Chicago Neighborhoods","authors":"R. Prakash, Jacqueline Samuel, Renee Partida, Ella Echavez, Marie Crandall","doi":"10.1089/vio.2019.0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2019.0064","url":null,"abstract":"With the growing pervasiveness of social media in our daily lives has come a recognition that these platforms have an influence over societal standards. The way women are represented on social medi...","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/vio.2019.0064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46393900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Firearm Ownership Among LGBT Adults in California","authors":"E. Tomsich, N. Kravitz-Wirtz, R. Pallin, G. Wintemute","doi":"10.1089/vio.2020.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2020.0024","url":null,"abstract":"Although firearm ownership increases the risk for violent injury or death, information on ownership among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) adults remains scant. This study presents re...","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/vio.2020.0024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41601787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroanatomical Differences Among Sexual Offenders: A Targeted Review with Limitations and Implications for Future Directions.","authors":"Katelyn T Kirk-Provencher,&nbsp;Rebecca J Nelson-Aguiar,&nbsp;Nichea S Spillane","doi":"10.1089/vio.2019.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2019.0051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As sexual assault and child sexual abuse continue to be worldwide public health concerns, research has continued to explore factors associated with sexual offending. Structural and functional neuroanatomical brain differences have been examined in an effort to differentiate sexual offenders and their behavior. This targeted review searched PubMed and Google Scholar for empirical studies using brain imaging techniques to examine possible structural or functional differences among control groups compared with at least one group of sexual offenders with contact offenses. This targeted review summarizes the structural and functional findings of 15 brain imaging studies (i.e., computed tomography, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and functional magnetic resonance imaging), which suggest possible differences in brain size and gray matter volume, cortical thickness, white matter connectivity, and specific structural and functional differences among brain regions (fronto-temporal region, amygdala, prefrontal cortex, etc.). The methodological limitations of brain imaging studies and the associated findings with regard to sexual offenders are highlighted, as research indicates that many of the proposed differences in brain structure and function are not unique to this population. We further highlight several limitations to using neuroimaging studies to examine this population of interest, including publication bias, small sample size, underpowered studies, and all-male samples. As these results are mixed and findings are not seemingly unique to sexual offenders, we suggest future sexual offender research may benefit from focusing on more financially feasible options, such as neuropsychological assessment approaches, to assess for and attend to offenders' criminogenic and rehabilitative/therapeutic needs in alignment with the risk-need-responsivity model.</p>","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":"7 3","pages":"86-97"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/vio.2019.0051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38388737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Having a Gun for Safety Associated with Feeling Safer, Safety Planning, and More Assertive Responses to Conflict Among Women with Interpersonal Victimization Experiences?","authors":"T. Logan","doi":"10.1089/vio.2020.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2020.0035","url":null,"abstract":"Some violence victims are advised to obtain a gun for safety, while others are discouraged from obtaining a gun. This study compared women with interpersonal victimization experiences who did (n = ...","PeriodicalId":45010,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Gender","volume":"7 1","pages":"158-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44992817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}