Archaeological Dialogues最新文献

{"title":"The juniper tree. A conversation with Michael B. Schiffer and Randall H. McGuire","authors":"R. Coelho","doi":"10.1017/s1380203820000124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1380203820000124","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract What are the circumstances through which we become archaeologists? In April 2018, Rui Gomes Coelho met with his former adviser, Randall H. McGuire, and his adviser’s adviser, Michael B. Schiffer, for a conversation about the reasons why they became interested in archaeology, about mentorship and about how they connect their experiences to broader social questions. This conversation is an affective reflection that crosses the emergence of behavioural archaeology, Marxist archaeology, the postprocessual turn and the context that shaped the origins of the archaeology of the recent past.","PeriodicalId":45009,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Dialogues","volume":"28 1","pages":"95 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s1380203820000124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46006238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond binaries. Interrogating ancient DNA","authors":"Rachel J. Crellin, O. Harris","doi":"10.1017/S1380203820000082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1380203820000082","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper we explore ancient DNA (aDNA) as a powerful new technique for archaeologists. We argue that for aDNA to reach its full potential we need to carefully consider its theoretical underpinnings. We suggest that at present much aDNA research rests upon two problematic theoretical assumptions: first, that nature and culture exist in binary opposition and that DNA is a part of nature; second, that cultures form distinct and bounded identities. The nature–culture binary, which underpins much aDNA research, not only is a misunderstanding of our world but also results in placing archaeology and material culture in a secondary and subservient position to science and aDNA. Viewing cultures as distinct and bounded creates exclusionary, simplistic and singular identities for past populations. This stands in contrast to the work of social scientists, which has revealed identity to be complex, multiple, changing and contradictory. We offer a new way forward drawing upon assemblage thinking and post-humanism. This allows us to consider the messy and complex nature of our world and of human identities, and demands that we expect equally messy and complex results to emerge when we bring aDNA into conversation with other forms of archaeological evidence.","PeriodicalId":45009,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Dialogues","volume":"27 1","pages":"37 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1380203820000082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49626563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"We run tingz, tingz nah run we","authors":"S. Rathbone","doi":"10.1017/S1380203819000175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1380203819000175","url":null,"abstract":"best interest through skilful manipulation of social circumstances and material resources. But another answer is that in many cases they didn’t submit; aggrandizers were curtailed by overt and subversive resistance to their ends. This point brings to the forefront one issue not fully addressed by Borake – the relationship between the theory of anarchism and the concept of egalitarianism. They are not the same thing – anarchism, with its emphasis on autonomy and decentralization, staves off centralization at a political level and maintains autonomy at a local level, but it does not necessarily maintain egalitarianism in all social contexts. Coast Salish societies of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America had significant inequalities, yet remained politically decentralized and maintained a high degree of autonomy in decision making (Grier 2017). In short, they traded off equality for autonomy. The empirical component of Borake’s study offers a fresh look at monumental constructions in Iron Age and medieval Scandinavia (monumental in the sense of Grier and Schwadron 2017). Most critical is the notion that we should see in many of the collective, expansive and iterative construction works she considers not the heavy hand of centralized power, but the product of decentralized collective action. How such enduring works can serve to reify decentralized politics and local autonomy has been quite underappreciated. Collective action in the service of autonomy might seem incongruous, but only from starting assumptions that preclude it (see Trigger 1990). We do get inklings of similar connections and practices from the archaeology of hunter-gatherer-fishers in the south-eastern US (e.g. Randall 2015; Wallis 2008), and similar to Borake’s study of Danevirke, there is a long arc to the construction process, often covering millennia, that reiterates, reinforces and at times remakes the social order over time. Similar ideas are also emerging from the Northwest Coast of North America (Grier, Angelbeck and McLay 2017). The archaeological question then becomes, how do we confidently recognize the products of anarchic organization in the archaeological record? Does a slow additive emergence and repeated investment in material thing sites directly imply networks, justified authority, autonomy and decentralization? That is Borake’s assertion in using the term ‘thing sites’ to describe such places – that the materiality and sociality of these places are embedded in a recursive and persistent relationship through time, reflecting expressions of anarchism principles. This is something we should be evaluating in archaeological contexts around the world. So I see strength in Borake’s application of anarchism as both a theoretical and an analytical framework. Ultimately this approach can provide a way to rethink aspects of the material record of collective action and its relation to a core set of principles that were undoubtedly operating in many social contexts in th","PeriodicalId":45009,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Dialogues","volume":"26 1","pages":"75 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1380203819000175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45496613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What can the theory of anarchism and its analytical possibilities do for us?","authors":"C. Grier","doi":"10.1017/S1380203819000163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1380203819000163","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45009,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Dialogues","volume":"26 1","pages":"74 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1380203819000163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44764576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The thing-in-itself. A reaction to current use of the term in archaeology","authors":"Svein Vatsvåg Nielsen","doi":"10.1017/S1380203819000229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1380203819000229","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Scholars writing within symmetrical archaeology, or speculative realism, have lately claimed that archaeology should strive to grasp the thing-in-itself. This paper questions the rationale of this claim. It presents the philosophical definition of the concept of a thing-in-itself and a short presentation of its reception. The author argues that the concept of the thing-in-itself has nothing to offer archaeology, and questions why contemporary theoretical archaeologists show such an interest in this term.","PeriodicalId":45009,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Dialogues","volume":"26 1","pages":"123 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1380203819000229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41406394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anarchistic action. Social organization and dynamics in southern Scandinavia from the Iron Age to the Middle Ages","authors":"T. Borake","doi":"10.1017/S1380203819000151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1380203819000151","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A general interest in centralized institutions, state formation and prestige objects has dominated research on social organization and dynamics in Scandinavia from the Late Iron Age to the Middle Ages. Accordingly, a focus on kingly power, aristocratic influence, hierarchies and warrior might has dominated archaeological research designs for the last forty years. Subsequently, other perspectives have been evaded and their significance has been diminished. In this article, I use anarchistic principles as an analytic perspective and present examples of anarchistic actions – network organization, justified leaders and decentralization – drawing on well-known but ambiguous phenomena such as thing sites, the southern Danish defence system Danevirke, and migration and mobility. I suggest a perspective that recognizes resistance, authority and decentralization as well as centralization and institutionalization, allowing a broad spectrum of social engagement and interrelations to influence social organization. I will argue that human intentionality has been overlooked in favour of structures and institutions, and that the power of network organization and decentralization is influential in shaping social organization and dynamics.","PeriodicalId":45009,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Dialogues","volume":"26 1","pages":"61 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1380203819000151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42404292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying an anarchist lens to the archaeological record. On Borake’s ‘anarchistic actions’ in Scandinavian culture history","authors":"Bill Angelbeck","doi":"10.1017/S1380203819000187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1380203819000187","url":null,"abstract":"1 The title of this piece is a Jamaican proverb. 2 Clastres did not resolve how authoritarian rule in neighbouring communities could have originated beyond invoking influence from a further external group, and so on, leaving a ‘chicken-and-egg’-style ‘mystery’ of the origin of political authority for future researchers to grapple with (Clastres 1989, 205). Barclay (1990, 136) identified the ‘big-man’ style of leadership as being most vulnerable to internal authoritarian takeover. 3 There is serious doubt whether there ever was a historical Robin Hood, and even if we were to accept that the medieval stories did derive from an actual person, their actions and motivations are entirely obscured by time (Knight 2006; Baldwin 2010).","PeriodicalId":45009,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Dialogues","volume":"26 1","pages":"78 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S1380203819000187","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42080509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anarchistic actions. Reply by Trine Borake","authors":"T. Borake","doi":"10.1017/S1380203819000199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1380203819000199","url":null,"abstract":"have both acted together and debated each other for well over a century, each sharpening the views of the other. Randall McGuire (2012, 576) has emphasized that we ‘should embrace the intersections and the tensions between anarchism and Marxism : : : Both lead us to critical understandings of our noncapitalist pasts’. Elsewhere, I have tried to show how both approaches can integrate (Angelbeck 2017), as there are many shared avenues of concern, if different points of departure. Again, the theory of anarchism primarily concerns methods of power in relationships, which places it at the heart of what constitutes the proper concern of social sciences (Russell 2004; Flyvbjerg 2001). Moreover, anarchism concerns various ways to implement such principles in practice, as appropriate for the cultural or environmental circumstances. Many principles concern resisting the concentration and centralization of power in ways that are seen as not justified. Other aspects of anarchism concern the harnessing of power collectively, whether for the accomplishment of economic, religious, or recreational projects, or inmovements of resistance, as emphasized by Borake here. The theory concerns both types of power expression. Too often, we can limit ouruse of ‘power’ to refer to top-downexertionsof power, as in those ‘withpower’or ‘in power’; these are ‘vertical’ forms of power. Yet just as important are forms of power that are exercised in conjunction, through alliance, or what is referred to as the ‘horizontal power’ of collectivities. It is important to recognize multiple forms if we are to adequately theorize social life. To reserve the use of ‘power’ for only vertical forms literally disempowers any consciousness of collective capability, and may contribute to a lack of understanding of such horizontal efforts in the past societies we investigate. Anarchism provides a reminder that state and society are separate phenomena. This is emphasized by Pierre Clastres (1987) in Society against the state. Too often, we can lazily slip into equating the two as one and the same, which is not helpful for understanding sociopolitical dynamics in the past. Rather, Clastres stressed that the ‘state’ is a sociopolitical structure organized often by a subset of the society overall; we should extend such to any structure of political hierarchy, not just states, but chiefdoms, and other formations, especially those of dominance. As Borake emphasizes here, these need to be evaluated for whether they are viewed as justified in their position of hierarchy and how they apply their power. In this article, Borake shows how an anarchist perspective can provide alternative and useful interpretations for cases in Scandinavian culture history, and by extension how such analyses might be applicable for archaeohistorical analyses of other areas and times. Her cases here have been at a macro scale, given the orientation; however, these cases provide examples of how such analyses could be carried o","PeriodicalId":45009,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Dialogues","volume":"26 1","pages":"80 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45891689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ARD volume 26 issue 2 Cover and Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s1380203819000266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1380203819000266","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45009,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Dialogues","volume":"26 1","pages":"b1 - b2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s1380203819000266","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43446127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"List of contributors","authors":"Bill Angelbeck","doi":"10.1017/S1380203819000242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1380203819000242","url":null,"abstract":"Bill Angelbeck is an archaeologist and anthropologist who focuses on cultures of Salishan peoples of the Northwest Coast and Interior. Since the year 2000, he has worked throughout the Northwest on academic and applied projects, involving archaeology, ethnography and ethnohistory. He holds a doctorate in archaeology from the University of British Columbia and a master’s degree in cultural anthropology from the University of Missouri. Topical interests are in archaeological theory, sociopolitical organization, religion, ideation and heritage, as well as collaborative and indigenous archaeologies. His fieldwork is based in North America (Southeastern Woodlands, Central Plains, Interior Plateau, Northwest Coast of North America, Alaska) and his current field project investigates the social organization of pithouse villages throughout Lil’wat traditional territory in south-central British Columbia. Recent publications include articles in the Journal of contemporary archaeology, World archaeology and Current anthropology.","PeriodicalId":45009,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Dialogues","volume":"26 1","pages":"127 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42670270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}