Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research最新文献

Utilisation des températures de forage pour le transfert de connaissances sur le permafrost (pergélisol) de montagne : L’exemple de la série temporelle de 35 ans à Murtèl-Corvatsch (Alpes suisses) 利用钻井温度传递山区永久冻土知识:murtell - corvatsch(瑞士阿尔卑斯山)35年时间序列的例子

4区社会学

Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.4000/rga.11913

Wilfried Haeberli, Jeannette Noetzli, Daniel Vonder Mühll

引用次数: 0

Transfert des connaissances sur la cryosphère entre les montagnes au niveau mondial : Une étude de cas des montagnes de l’Ouest canadien, des Alpes européennes et des Scandes. 全球山脉之间冰冻圈知识转移:加拿大西部山脉、欧洲阿尔卑斯山脉和斯堪的纳维亚山脉的案例研究。

4区社会学

Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.4000/rga.12224

Emilie Stewart-Jones, Stephan Gruber

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La traversée alpine de Turner en 1836 et le petit âge glaciaire dépeints dans le Val Veny et le Val Ferret (massif du Mont-Blanc) 1836年的特纳高山穿越和维尼谷和雪貂谷(勃朗峰)的小冰河时代

4区社会学

Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.4000/rga.11885

Martin P. Kirkbride, Susan P. Mains, Vanessa Brazier

{"title":"La traversée alpine de Turner en 1836 et le petit âge glaciaire dépeints dans le Val Veny et le Val Ferret (massif du Mont-Blanc)","authors":"Martin P. Kirkbride, Susan P. Mains, Vanessa Brazier","doi":"10.4000/rga.11885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/rga.11885","url":null,"abstract":"L’artiste anglais J.M.W. Turner (1775-1851) a réalisé sa deuxième visite dans le haut Val d’Aoste en 1836. Elle lui inspira plusieurs tableaux importants. Ici, nous localisons avec précision deux de ces œuvres et les relions à l’environnement climatique et géomorphologique de l’époque. Nous combinons des analyses géomorphologiques et géographiques culturelles pour proposer une évaluation plus holistique des motivations artistiques et des méthodes de Turner dans ses œuvres alpines. La première œuvre est une aquarelle présentant le mont Rouge de Peuterey (2941 m) à proximité du glacier du Miage (Val Veny). La seconde est une peinture à l’huile majeure interprétant la catastrophe du Triolet (3870 m) de 1717 (Val Ferret). Pour cette dernière, l’artiste a combiné en une seule scène dramatique les processus géomorphologiques complexes que sont une avalanche rocheuse impliquant également de la glace et l’inondation qui a suivi. La visite de Turner dans la région a coïncidé avec l’avancée maximale des glaciers au milieu du xixe siècle, ce qui lui a permis d’être confronté à des processus géomorphologiques d’ampleur. Les points de vue précis de ces deux scènes, déterminés ici pour la première fois, montrent que Turner a passé un certain temps dans la région pour rechercher les endroits les plus favorables et qu’il connaissait certains éléments importants de l’histoire locale. Les peintures font état d’une immersion dans l’environnement de l’époque, et leur étude donne un aperçu fructueux des relations complexes qui existent entre la géographie et l’art du paysage en montagne.","PeriodicalId":44965,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research","volume":"56 1‐2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135975008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Les versants englacés de la haute montagne alpine : Évolution holocène et impacts de la crise climatique actuelle 高山结冰的斜坡:全新世的演变和当前气候危机的影响

4区社会学

Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.4000/rga.12291

Ludovic Ravanel, Melaine Le Roy, Florence Magnin, Marta Chiarle

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From Rockfall Observation to Operational Solutions: Nearly 20 years of Cryo-gravitational Hazard Studies in Mont-Blanc Massif 从岩崩观测到操作解决方案:勃朗峰地块近20年低温重力危害研究

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Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.4000/rga.11703

Florence Magnin, Ludovic Ravanel, Matan Ben-Asher, Josué Bock, Maëva Cathala, Pierre-Allain Duvillard, Pierrick Jean, Jean-Yves Josnin, Suvrat Kaushik, André Revil, Philip Deline

{"title":"From Rockfall Observation to Operational Solutions: Nearly 20 years of Cryo-gravitational Hazard Studies in Mont-Blanc Massif","authors":"Florence Magnin, Ludovic Ravanel, Matan Ben-Asher, Josué Bock, Maëva Cathala, Pierre-Allain Duvillard, Pierrick Jean, Jean-Yves Josnin, Suvrat Kaushik, André Revil, Philip Deline","doi":"10.4000/rga.11703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/rga.11703","url":null,"abstract":"The enhanced rockfall frequency (V > 100 m3) first noticed in the European Alps, has motivated investigations on high mountain rock walls and rock wall permafrost since the 2000s. Mont-Blanc massif (MBM) has become a pilot study area thanks to the wealth of data and knowledge on rockfall and permafrost dynamics acquired through successive research projects. Statistical analysis of rockfall distribution (> 1300 events inventoried between 2007 and 2021) shows that they are related to permafrost distribution and increasing atmospheric temperature, opening promising perspective for developing forecasting tools to support mountain practitioners in their risk mitigation strategy. However, understanding how rock wall destabilizations develop is challenged by the variety of potentially involved thermo-hydro-mechanical processes. To face these challenges, research currently carried out in the MBM focuses on water infiltration and circulation processes in frozen rock walls by combining advanced numerical modelling approaches and ad hoc field surveys. The coupling of models simulating heat and water transport with geoelectrical imaging methods could allow assessment of ground water/ice distributions and contents that is highly relevant for geotechnical purposes. Concurrently, the combination of acquired data and knowledge in integrative approaches of landscape changes and hazards involving permafrost degradation, glacier retreat, possible lake formation and rock wall destabilization appears as an essential basis for land-planning concerns. Finally, thermal and hydrological interactions between rock wall permafrost and ice bodies nestled on rock faces (ice aprons and hanging glaciers) is another direction of research to be pursued with cross-disciplinary implications.","PeriodicalId":44965,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research","volume":"54 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135976142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Warming Permafrost in the Western Alps: A Further Evidence of Elevation Dependent Warming? 西阿尔卑斯山永久冻土变暖:海拔依赖性变暖的进一步证据?

4区社会学

Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.4000/rga.11784

Paolo Pogliotti, Edoardo Cremonese, Umberto Morra di Cella

{"title":"Warming Permafrost in the Western Alps: A Further Evidence of Elevation Dependent Warming?","authors":"Paolo Pogliotti, Edoardo Cremonese, Umberto Morra di Cella","doi":"10.4000/rga.11784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/rga.11784","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims at characterising the recent thermal evolution of permafrost in the Aosta Valley region (Italy, Western European Alps) using active layer thickness anomalies and warming trends of both surface and deep temperatures as indicators. The dataset includes monitoring sites located at different altitudes and geomorphological contexts such as rock walls, high-altitude plateau and proglacial margins.The results show that the thickness of the active layer is increasing everywhere and that anomalies are consistent between sites despite their different characteristics and distances. Significant warming trends of about +0.2°C/10y are observed at 15 m depth in sites around 3000 m of elevation. In steep rockwalls warming trends at the rock surface are significant only on the north-facing faces where values are on average +0.42°C/10y at elevations above 4000 m.The present study aims to provide a snapshot on the current thermal evolution of permafrost in the north-western Alps as well as consistent and useful information for risk management. Taking advantage of this analysis, the study also aims to highlight as the temperature measures in permafrost could contribute to the elevation-dependent-warming debate.","PeriodicalId":44965,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research","volume":"55 9‐10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135975009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Datation dendrochronologique des maxima du Petit Âge Glaciaire des glaciers d’Arolla (Valais, Suisse) 阿罗拉冰川(瑞士瓦莱州)小冰河时代最大值的树木年代学年代测定

4区社会学

Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.4000/rga.12129

Melaine Le Roy, Kurt Nicolussi, Christian Schlüchter

{"title":"Datation dendrochronologique des maxima du Petit Âge Glaciaire des glaciers d’Arolla (Valais, Suisse)","authors":"Melaine Le Roy, Kurt Nicolussi, Christian Schlüchter","doi":"10.4000/rga.12129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/rga.12129","url":null,"abstract":"Les variations des glaciers lors du Petit Âge Glaciaire (PAG) sont bien connues dans les Alpes, en partie grâce à un ensemble inégalé de sources historiques. Lorsque ces dernières sont absentes, la dendrochronologie peut être utilisée pour obtenir des informations chronologiques précises sur les maxima des glaciers. Pour ce faire, il faut cibler les arbres situés en limite de l’extension maximale atteinte par les glaciers à l’époque historique. Ici, nous présentons les résultats d’analyses dendrochronologiques portant sur des bois nouvellement échantillonnés ainsi que sur des bois d’archive qui proviennent de deux glaciers des Alpes Pennines, Tsijiore Nouve et Glacier d’Arolla. Ces sites possèdent des sources historiques remontant au début du xixe siècle, c’est-à-dire légèrement plus tardives que pour les glaciers Alpins les mieux documentés. À Tsijiore Nouve, la datation combinée d’arbres enfouis dans la moraine frontale externe du PAG et d’arbres vivants limitrophes prouve la présence de la glace à proximité immédiate du site dès l’été 1813 ainsi qu’une extension maximum atteinte en 1816. Ces résultats sont parfaitement en accord avec les sources historiques qui mentionnent un maximum du PAG atteint en 1817. Au Glacier d’Arolla nous avons daté le dépôt de la moraine PAG la plus externe à l’hiver 1816/1817, ce qui est synchrone, malgré les temps de réponse différents des deux glaciers. Les dates que nous avons obtenues sont nettement plus précoces que celles disponibles pour d’autres glaciers Alpins au cours de la même période d’avancée. Nos résultats mettent en évidence le potentiel de la dendrochronologie pour obtenir des dates calendaires précises pour les maxima glaciaires et montrent — pour la première fois dans les Alpes — que certains glaciers avaient déjà atteint, ou étaient proches de, leurs maxima du PAG lorsque le refroidissement associé à l’éruption du Mont Tambora s'est produit.","PeriodicalId":44965,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research","volume":"51 7‐8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135975802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

State and Fate of Glaciers in the Val Veny (Mont-Blanc Range, Italy): Contribution of Optical Satellite Products 维尼谷(勃朗峰山脉，意大利)冰川的状态和命运:光学卫星产品的贡献

4区社会学

Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.4000/rga.11619

Antoine Rabatel, Etienne Ducasse, Victor Ramseyer, Romain Millan

{"title":"State and Fate of Glaciers in the Val Veny (Mont-Blanc Range, Italy): Contribution of Optical Satellite Products","authors":"Antoine Rabatel, Etienne Ducasse, Victor Ramseyer, Romain Millan","doi":"10.4000/rga.11619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/rga.11619","url":null,"abstract":"The glaciers of the Val Veny (Italian side of the Mont-Blanc Massif) have been the site of numerous field observations during the last decades, in particular for the study of glacial fluctuations or surface processes related to the debris cover. Here, we propose to examine how satellite observations can complement field measurements on the state and fate of the Val Veny glaciers. Indeed, satellite products obtained in a quasi-systematic way allow to account not only for the loss of surface and volume, but also for the changes in their flow velocities. The overall pattern we document is a glacier thinning and slowdown of the ice flow, with an estimated shrinkage of 25% by 2050 and a volume loss ranging between 30 and 43% depending on the data source used for the estimation of the initial volume. In such a context, a portion of the upper reaches of Brenva Glacier shows an unexpected pattern of thickening and increase in ice flow that rises questions on its origin. Finally, the uncertainties in the estimation of ice thicknesses remain important and have repercussions on the future evolution of the glaciers and their contribution from a hydrological point of view. By 2050, we estimate that the water contribution due to the volume loss of Val Veny glaciers could decrease by 40%.","PeriodicalId":44965,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research","volume":"51 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135975803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Glacier Views of Jean-Antoine Linck – A Milestone for the Mont Blanc Glacier History from the 18th to the 19 让·安托万·林克的冰川景观-勃朗峰冰川历史的里程碑，从18到19

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Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.4000/rga.12235

Samuel U. Nussbaumer, Heinz J. Zumbühl

{"title":"The Glacier Views of Jean-Antoine Linck – A Milestone for the Mont Blanc Glacier History from the 18th to the 19","authors":"Samuel U. Nussbaumer, Heinz J. Zumbühl","doi":"10.4000/rga.12235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/rga.12235","url":null,"abstract":"Interdisciplinary approaches are needed to reconstruct the behaviour of glaciers beyond the beginning of systematic measurements. For example, historical documents have been used to reconstruct former glacier extents successfully at different sites, including in the well-documented Mont Blanc area that became popular since the mid-18th century among artists, scientists, and travellers. Jean-Antoine Linck from Geneva is probably the artist to whom we owe the greatest number of unique glacier views. Linck’s special preference were the ice regions, which he discovered and drew with alpinistic daring and naturalistic correctness, preferably by gouache, although many pencil sketches are preserved. Linck subtly used the etching technique to create easily reproducible plates in large format, which are then hand-coloured with gouache and watercolour. This technique allowed him to create numerous reproductions of the same view, while still giving them a unique and original aspect, views that are remarkable for their serenity and silence, while offering luminous atmospheres. These illustrations introduced the realistic representation of the high mountains into the iconography of Genevese painting and thus led to a new kind of landscape painting with a permanent character. From a perspective of glacier history and although many of his artworks are not exactly dated by the author, the work of Jean-Antoine Linck is indispensable since it represents the whole development, specifically of the Mer de Glace and the Glacier des Bossons, but also other glaciers during the period from the end of the 18th century until the 19th century glacier maximum around 1820. Linck’s work has the same importance for the Mont Blanc area as that of Caspar Wolf and Samuel Birmann for the central Swiss Alps or Thomas Ender for the Austrian Alps in terms of glacier iconography. Therefore, Linck was both an artist and a glacier historian.","PeriodicalId":44965,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research","volume":"51 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135975804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using Borehole Temperatures for Knowledge Transfer about Mountain Permafrost: The Example of the 35-year Time Series at Murtèl-Corvatsch (Swiss Alps) 利用钻孔温度进行山地永久冻土的知识转移:以murt<s:1> - corvatsch(瑞士阿尔卑斯山)35年时间序列为例

4区社会学

Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.4000/rga.11950

Wilfried Haeberli, Jeannette Noetzli, Daniel Vonder Mühll

{"title":"Using Borehole Temperatures for Knowledge Transfer about Mountain Permafrost: The Example of the 35-year Time Series at Murtèl-Corvatsch (Swiss Alps)","authors":"Wilfried Haeberli, Jeannette Noetzli, Daniel Vonder Mühll","doi":"10.4000/rga.11950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/rga.11950","url":null,"abstract":"Climate-related permafrost is widespread in cold mountains and heavily affects slope stability. As a subsurface phenomenon, however, it is often still absent in the perception of key partners concerning the discussion and anticipation of long-term impacts on high mountain regions from continued global warming. Outreach and knowledge transfer, therefore, play a key role. Long-term observations of permafrost temperatures measured in boreholes can be used to convey answers and key messages concerning thermal conditions in a spatio-temporal context, related environmental conditions, affected depth ranges, and impacts of warming and degradation on slope stability.The 35-year Murtèl-Corvatsch time series of borehole temperatures from which data is available since 1987, is used here as an example. Today, mountain permafrost is well documented and understood regarding involved processes, as well as its occurrence in space and evolution in time. Thermal anomalies caused by global warming already now reach about 100 meters depth, thereby reducing the ground ice content, causing accelerated creep of ice-rich frozen talus/debris (so-called “rock glaciers”) and reducing the stability of large frozen bedrock masses at steep icy faces and peaks.","PeriodicalId":44965,"journal":{"name":"Revue De Geographie Alpine-Journal of Alpine Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135975962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0